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Importants of motivation in education
Contrasted theories of motivation
Contrasted theories of motivation
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Motivation is a complex and widespread subject including many theories which reflect different approaches to understanding human thinking and behaviour ( Woolfolk et al. 2013). This patch will start from my education experience on how motivation influenced my education. Secondly, I will go on to identify motivation from different approaches and their effects to learning and the arguments between the approaches. The final part I will evaluate the correlations between the theories and my own experience and the new knowledge I have acquired from my research.
In my early teenage years, maths was my weakest subject; studying maths was like a torture with some embarrassments. Until year 11, I attended a private maths class, my maths was swiftly improved,
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Intrinsic motivation comes from individual’s inner drive which is driven by interests, needs and curiosity. When people are intrinsically motivated, the need of incentives will be irrelevant as learning is active and desirable (Woolfolk et al.2013). Dweck (2002) identified her two theories of intrinsic motivation on how motivation developed people’s beliefs about their abilities. The people have an ‘incremental’ theory believe that intelligence is malleable through efforts which explains why some people have the motivation to work hard to achieve. In addition, the people, have an ‘entity’ theory, are convinced that intelligence is fixed so they have to work hard to maintain the evidence of their intelligence or they would look unintelligent (Dweck printout …show more content…
The motivation is much involved with behaviourism as from the behavioural approaches by Watson, Pavlov and Skinner’s, an understanding of learner motivation starts from incentives and rewards. Receiving a reward is an important stimulus as a result of behaviour(Woolfolk et al.2013). Furthermore, Dan Pink(2009) identified that companies provide rewards in order to stimulate business which does indeed boost efficiency , however, over focused on the rewards which functions the right brain as a result it narrows the creativity of left brain. Thus, extrinsic motivation limits learners’ creativity which could result in over pursuing high marks for exams and losing the purpose of
Once stated by Dwight D. Eisenhower, “Motivation is the art of getting people to do what you want them to do because they want to do it.” The aforementioned ideology places an emphasis on an individual’s internal desires, rather than an outside/external force driving the individual’s consciousness (cognitive evaluation.) Therefore intrinsic motivation is one in which an individual 's own desire comes from within; a relentless and genuine passion for an intended goal. On the contrary, when an individual relies on external factors such as, a reward or any other form of external reinforcement, an extrinsic motivation is exhibited. Although society likes to stress the importance in pursuing an internal motivation, in today 's modern world, an extrinsic factor far outweighs an internal desire to accomplish an objective. As humans, we are too diverse in the way we think and develop, lending the mere classification of an internal motivation to become redundant. Furthermore, as
Intrinsic motivation has several advantages over extrinsic motivation. First of all, intrinsically motivated learners are more likely to select challenging tasks. Second, evidence suggested that learners gain more knowledge when they read material that they consider intrinsically interesting. Third, the conditions that support intrinsic motivation also promote greater creativity and better conceptual learning. Fourth, intrinsic motivation is associated with greater pleasure and more active involvement in activities.” (p.
“Motivation is the process whereby goal-orientated activity is instigated and sustained” (Schunk, Pintrich & Meece, 2008. As cited in Eggen & Kauchak, 2010, p.284). Motivation comes in many forms and can be divided into two broad categories - extrinsic and intrinsic motivation. Extrinsic motivators are external factors which can motivate a student; rewards are an example of this. An issue with extrinsic motivators is that the desire for the learner to participate often lessens, once the rewards are withdrawn (McCullers, 1987). On the other hand intrinsic motivation comes from within - learning for the joy of it - where the desire to learn leads to a higher level of knowledge, and is a reward in itself. Kohn (1996, p.285) states that research suggests, “Rewards actually decrease interest in intrinsically motivating tasks, therefore sending the wrong message about learning” (as cited in Eggen & Kauchak, 2010a)
Sometimes people remain driven to do something because of external reward, or the by the avoidance of an objectionable consequence, as when one obeys the permitted speed limit to avoid a costly speeding ticket. When the motivation directs a conclusion that is outside of the self, it is considered an extrinsic motivation. In extrinsic motivation, a person performs an action because it leads to an outcome that is separate from the person (Ryan & Deci, 2000). For instance, giving a student money for every A grade, proffering a bonus to a salesman for the most contracts signed, or tipping a stylist for a good haircut. The student, salesman, and hairdresser remain motivated to labor for the external rewards. On the other hand, intrinsic motivation is the form of motivation in which an individual implements an action because the deed itself is enjoyable, satisfying, interesting, or rewarding in some internal
Keller, John M. (2006). What Are the Elements of Learner Motivation? Retrieved July 4, 2011
Motivation to learn- The motivation is possibly for self-esteem, recognition or the possibility of a better quality of life.
Mullins (2002) classifies motivation into Intrinsic and Extrinsic types. Intrinsic motivation involves psychological rewards to enhance job satisfaction, such as the opportunity to use one's ability, a sense of achievement, receiving appreciation and positive recognition or being treated in a considerate manner (Mullins, 2002:P490). Such methods ensure employees are constantly motivated while being engaged in activities that are enjoyable and rewarding.
An intrinsic motivation is characterized as a motivation for the sack of doing it. There is no external reward for completing the specific task in intrinsic motivation. The motivation come from the person 's desire to complete the task because they know the task itself is rewarding enough. An internal motivation differs slightly from intrinsic motivation. Internal motivation is strictly from the desire and willingness of the person to complete the task. External motivation is a motivation factored by outside influences. Whether the outside influence is negative or positive, the motivation comes from money, grades, awards, tokens, criticism, or punishments.
Many researches have been conducted to investigate what motivates students for better academic performance and whether it has a correlation with achievement motivation.
The layman’s view of motivation is defined has the action whereby one is given a reason or purpose to complete an objective with more zeal. This in itself is not something new, but rather a method that has been applied for an immeasurable number years, possibly before it was even defined, classified
Motivation is the process of getting someone to act on a particular situation. According to (Adelhardt, S, K. 2015, December 2) lack of motivation in the workplace is the most problematic subject for all managers, because it leads to decreasing productivity, performance and yet it increases the chances of employee resignation. Many employers suppose that managers these days are struggling to motivate their employees due to lack of significantly vital experience as well as knowledge in the employee engagement developing process. One of the successful strategies that managers can use to increase employee inspiration is by offering an attractive remuneration and benefits to their employees. Remuneration and benefits such as an extrinsic bonus
Mullins (2002) also classifies motivation into Intrinsic and Extrinsic types. Intrinsic motivation involves psychological rewards to enhance job satisfaction, such as the opportunity to use one's ability, a sense of achievement, receiving appreciation and positive recognition or being treated in a considerate manner (Mullins, 2002:P490). Such methods ensure employees are constantly motivated while being engaged in activities that are enjoyable and rewarding.
Theorists believe that motivation within the classroom has its benefits when able to produce work from students. Some students have the ability to work without much motivation. This is known as intrinsic motivation. Intrinsic motivation is where students are able to motivate themselves and produce work at high standard. The students have to be determined to strive and have the self-ability to do the work that is needed (Brewer, Dun, Olszewski, 1988). Students who need more praise and encouragement to produce work come under the category of extrinsic motivation. Extrinsic motivation is about rewarding the students for their work. If a student is able to get done what they have been asked, they will be rewarded with for example a sticker or a lucky dip. Extrinsic motivation for some students means the reward is...
To a certain extent it can be said that without a sense of motivation, whether it be intrinsic or extrinsic, a child’s ability to learn and reach their potential is greatly lessened. Motivation is best described as an internal state that not only arouses and directs behaviour but also helps to maintain it (Woolfolk & Margetts, 2013). Motivation not only plays a large role in a child’s learning ability, it also shapes a student’s interests and enjoyment of school and study (Martin, 2003). For both pre-service teachers and expert teachers it is easy to see that if a student possesses high motivation to learn, their behaviour towards their school work is more positive and in turn leads to higher academic success, whereas a student with little to no motivation will exhibit negative behavi...
Motivation is really important tool in a learning environment. Also motivation effects student learning and their behavior as well. It directs behavior towards particular targets. Also it effect the decision which students takes. In motivation mainly we have two types which is intrinsically and extrinsically being motivated. For example: when a student is intrinsically motivated they just do it for themselves not because of the reward that they will get back. It’s just because they have their own interest and they enjoy doing that. On the other side, when a student is extrinsically motivated they just do it for the reward that they will get. That’s why in learning process it’s important that each student should