Literature Review
According to the literature in very general and literal terms metadata is information about information. A more precise definition of metadata is “structured data about resources that can be used to help support a wide range of operations” (Day, 2011) While the term metadata is usually attributed to the digital environment some authors such as Jia Liu argue that the practice of utilizing metadata has roots further than the typical application allows. In the text Metadata and Its Applications in the Digital Library: Approaches and Practices Liu writes “…no one can deny that the philosophy behind metadata has existed for a very long time. The bibliographic records for the documents carved on the clay tablets in the library of Assurbanipal in the seventh century BC are metadata. “ (Liu, 2007)
Despite the origins of metadata it has become common in the majority of academic libraries to apply metadata practices while cataloging electronic and digital resources. A study conducted by Laurie Lopatin on the metadata behaviors of academic and non-academic libraries showed that a 38% majority of academic libraries have been using metadata as part of their daily workflow for five to eight years while some academic libraries have been participating in metadata practices for as long as seventeen to twenty years.
Metadata has many functions which help facilitate the use of resources within the library’s collection. The function of metadata help summarize the meaning of the data, retrieve and use copies of the data, gives history of the data, shows where to find data, and shows relationships between data sets. Liu states that there are five specific functions which metadata supports: description, location, discovery, archivi...
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Hillmann, D., Marker, R., & Brady, C. (2008). Metadata Standards and Applications. The Serials Librarian: From the Printed Page to the Digital Age, 54(1-2), 7-21.
Liu, J. (2007). Metadata and Its Applications in the Digital Library: Approaches and Practices. Westport. CT: Libraries Unlimited .
Lopatin, L. (2010). Metadata practices in academic and non-academic libraries for digital projects: A survy. Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, 48(8), 716-742.
Lyons, C., & Tappeiner, E. (2008). Cataloging 2.0: Metadata research at a community college. Journal of Library Metadata, 8(2), 155-157.
Ma, J. (2007). SPEC Kit 298: Metadata (July 2009). Association of Reserch Libraries.
Park, J.-r., & Caimei, L. (2009). Metadata Professionals: Roles and Competencies as Reflected in Job Announcements, 2003–2006. Cataloging & Classification Quarterly, 47(2), 145-160.
Leerlingen uit de 3e Bachelor Toegepaste Informatica, dienen in het kader van het vak ICT en recht een paper te schrijven. Het onderwerp dat in deze paper besproken wordt, is computercriminaliteit.
The Web. The Web. 30 Apr. 2014. The 'Standard' of the 'Standard'. The "Format Document" field. Format Document.
Chapter three of the novel Blown to Bits speaks about the hidden secrets of the computer. The first issue chapter tackles is the issue of electronic document redaction bars. Under circumstances when government document would be released to the public crucial bits of information would be left out or blacked out using redaction bars. They could be very easily removed using the Adobe Acrobat highlighter tool These Bars could be removed and all could see the text behind it. Next the chapter discusses metadata which is a secret record of the data of any document or PDF this data contains information such as: file size, encryption, title, and many more categories. The most important data that this metadata harbors is the
Abstract. Recent frameworks employ the strategy to define a specific metadata schema for applications to use in their classes and programming elements, enabling framework behavior customization. Despite this technique is being widely used, there are not models, design patterns or development guidelines that aim to help in the creation of this kind of framework. This thesis proposes a conceptual model for metadata-based frameworks that has the aim to identify appropriate solutions for its internal structure and scenarios where it is suitable for. As a result, software architects and framework developers with this conceptual model should be able to identify situations where the metadata usage is appropriate and to design suitable solutions that provides flexibility in metadata reading and processing.
While the Dewey decimal system contains a comprehensive index, the Library of Congress Classification system does not (Taylor 430). Each volume of the LCC schedules contains its own index and these indexes do not refer to one another. Finding subjects in the schedules can be awkward. To locate a topic, one must check through each volume index of all the different disciplines that may ...
...ed Manuscripts, a Guide to Technical Terms. Malibu, Calif.: Paul Getty Museum in association with the British Library, c1994. Print.
Automated is transform the materials or records into digital form. As the era of the technology present, the demanding of digital records is drastically increased. Automated records may present archivists their greatest challenge in identifying, selecting, and preserving records of enduring value. Since the introduction of the computer, archivists have been concerned about its impact on their profession's mission. Based on report by the National Archives of Canada on machine-readable data stated that "if one were to take the traditional archival approach of waiting for whatever recorded information came out of the system, then the archivist in the electronic age will undoubtedly die of information starvation."23 Over the past decade archivists have tried to redefine their role in the modern information age, 24 but many seem to have been merely paying lip service to society's major shift to an "information" era. At present one can count on one hand the number of major programs established to deal with automated records, and these are only located at some of the largest archival institutions - The National Archives of Canada, the U.S. National Archives, and the New York, Utah, and Kentucky state archives. Contrast this with the facts: computers have been used for three decades, personal computers have become an ubiquitous feature of society in just the past decade, and a major portion of all information presently being created is going into automated systems of some variety. Nevertheless, there is overwhelming evidence that archivists are not effectively appraising such information nor using the helpful findings of previous research. 25 Current research is, however, both innovative and promising. Archivists have made substantial pro...
Reference to artifacts found in media is reference to tools used to portray the main idea of the media. These artifacts can include text, rhetoric, music, imagery, tone, and so forth. Some of the most effective artifacts can portray a main idea without the viewer blatantly realizing the artifact’s effect. These artifacts can include music, tone, and imagery.
...ction of digital information. It help better people’s knowledge of the communication between society, technology, information, and technology for actions of scholarly research. It tries to further the public obligation on encouragement through the Digital Public Library of America. The program targets on problem related to information and computing facts, broad connection to in site, and computational research, intellectual connections.
Register, R. (2013). The importance of metadata for E-content. EContent Quarterly, 1(1), 30-44. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/1467943727?accountid=10043
In a nutshell libraries exist to connect people with information. The purpose of this is to discuss similarities and differences between following libraries in terms of who they serve, collections held and what services are provided. All the information below are from their perspective websites.
A library or information unit must have a dedicated plan on having an organized Collection Development Policy, represents the guideposts of all types of library institutions. Collection development is the process of planning, selecting, acquiring and evaluating the library collections’ convenience to print and electronic collection developments. Thus, it is essential to have a written collection development policy, a statement of general collection building principles with desalinating the purpose and content of a collection in terms of relevance and internal audiences (Clayton and Gorman 2007). Broadly, the international and local libraries have sketched written collection development policies which they are aware of its uses. Recently, the written policies consistently renewed with the rise of digital collections. However, the value of the written collection development plan shakes with the complexity of managing electronic resources, funding and time considerations, criticism on how it written and also its inflexibility. This essay will examine the arguments for having the advantages of the written collection development policy (CDP) and the issues evolve which against the latter.
Bulterman, D.C.a., “Is it time for a moratorium on metadata?” IEEE Multimedia 11, no. 4 (October 2004): 10-17 (Bulterman, 2004)
RUSA’s (Reference and User Services Association, a division of ALA) Standards and Guidelines Committee revised the existing guidelines for Liaison work in 2009. The standards and guidelines help librarians identify users that can help in collection services and issues. They also identify objectives and continuing education opportunities for liaisons. (2010, p. 97)
The lights, the camera's, the designer clothes, and the beautiful models, all of these are contributing pieces of a runway fashion show. But the models who are strutting down the runway, showing off high standard fashion clothes, are not the only models that are out there. There are many types of models that work in this line of business. There are commercial models, catalog models, plus size models, parts models, and so many more. All models have something in common though, they all live a challenging life. Although many believe that being famous, or on the cover of top rated magazines will make you happy and feel fulfilled, living that form of life can create a feeling of having no privacy. There are many perks however, in working as a model. For example, if working as a runway model, it is not unheard of to have a salary of five hundred dollars per hour. That high of a salary is mainly only given if it is a very large name show. Catalog models can receive one hundred dollars to two hundred or more. The amount of an hourly salary is dependent upon the popularity of the company or brand being modeled and if the model has a good reputation. The life of a model is very busy and includes a multitude of challenges that the model needs to be ready for.