This research paper provides the history, demographics, epidemiological information about older immigrants` mental health problem in Australia, analysis of the key health issue within a country and gives clearly answer for how those problems could be improved? This research identifies the predictors of psychological distress in newly arrived older immigrants to Australia. Besides the conclusion that How health professionals are acting to modify determinants of health? As observed previously, health is a product of influence between individuals and their environments (Mcmurray.A & Clendon.J 2011), Such as socio-economy, family, culture, resources and education those number of main factors that determine health and wellbeing. Preventable and unfair health status differences have occurred within and between countries, thus, major reason of health imbalance is social determinants of health (AIHW ` 2010). Mental health is sometimes noticeable, while there was a large percentage of mental health in migrants. Due to society's lack of mental health awareness, many migrants experience incidents of discrimination. According to the Australia Bureau of Statistics (2004) which shows 50%persons were currently have mental or behavioral problem. However, Bureau of Statistics since 2006 shows that Australia migrants population were 4416037 and the population of Australia residents were born in Australia decreased slightly. Furthermore, the population of overseas visitors and persons born overseas were increased. Based on AIHW `s (2010) explore many Australians have had suffering from mental diseases in their life. Usually social problem as one of the factors causing those mental problems, such as insomnia, autism and depression that can be re... ... middle of paper ... ... improve knowledge about healthy life. Usually depression patient got hopelessness, negative self – image and loss of motivation feeling while family members need know how to improve elder’s emotion through communicate. Elder immigrants need know how to joint communication with physical activity and learn self-help strategies, For example, Morgan and jorm point out patient’s self-help strategies, write something about they did well, engage in an activity that gives a feeling of achievement, do some exercise or physical activity and communicate with positive people frequently. In the word the mental health problem is one of the health problems in immigrants and it needs help from government and health professional workers. In fact, government needs to provide some economical support and health professional worker needs to give some physical and psychological help.
Migration has been found to have negative effects on mental health because of circumstances surrounding the move, circumstances of the actual passage, trouble adapting to the new culture, breaks in the migrant’s support system of friends and family, and disappointed expectations of social and economic acquisition.
There are significant health disparities that exist between Indigenous and Non-Indigenous Australians. Being an Indigenous Australian means the person is and identifies as an Indigenous Australian, acknowledges their Indigenous heritage and is accepted as such in the community they live in (Daly, Speedy, & Jackson, 2010). Compared with Non-Indigenous Australians, Aboriginal people die at much younger ages, have more disability and experience a reduced quality of life because of ill health. This difference in health status is why Indigenous Australians health is often described as “Third World health in a First World nation” (Carson, Dunbar, Chenhall, & Bailie, 2007, p.xxi). Aboriginal health care in the present and future should encompass a holistic approach which includes social, emotional, spiritual and cultural wellbeing in order to be culturally suitable to improve Indigenous Health. There are three dimensions of health- physical, social and mental- that all interrelate to determine an individual’s overall health. If one of these dimensions is compromised, it affects how the other two dimensions function, and overall affects an individual’s health status. The social determinants of health are conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work and age which includes education, economics, social gradient, stress, early life, social inclusion, employment, transport, food, and social supports (Gruis, 2014). The social determinants that are specifically negatively impacting on Indigenous Australians health include poverty, social class, racism, education, employment, country/land and housing (Isaacs, 2014). If these social determinants inequalities are remedied, Indigenous Australians will have the same opportunities as Non-Ind...
Health visitors are registered nurses who undergo extra training to work in the community with families and children under five. The main principles of health visiting are to ensure that children have a healthy and positive start to life by recognising health needs, encouraging health enhancing activities and influencing health policies (Craig and Lindsay, 2000). Health visitors provide the Healthy Child Programme (HCP) which allows all families access to services ranging from immunisations through to safeguarding. Although health visitors play a key part in the healthcare of families and children they also work closely with other health professionals in order to help families achieve optimum health. This essay will describe the health visiting role in more depth as well as discuss why immunisations are a key role in the health promotion undertaken by a health visitor.
Guerin, B. & Guerin, P. 2012, 'Re-thinking mental health for indigenous Australian communities: communities as context for mental health', Community Development Journal, vol. 47, no. 4, pp. 555-70.
In this research paper, a variety of articles are examined about immigrants’ access to mental health services in Canada. It addresses the significant barriers to utilization of resources, and it also makes suggestions about changes that could improve mental health services for immigrants. Although immigrants receive economic and political support in Canada, often social support does not follow the same pattern. New immigrants are oftentimes faced with factors that affect their utilization of government services that can help them transition to their new life.
An interesting phenomenon – the healthy immigrant effect (HIE) – has been observed in many countries, such as Canada, the United States, and Great Britain (Kennedy, McDonald & Biddle 2006). That is, immigrants entering these countries are typically healthier than native-born citizens. Yet, although a clear health gap separates native-born Canadians from new immigrants, it gradually dissipates to the point where the two groups exhibit similar levels of health (McDonald & Kennedy, 2004). Why people who have consistently enjoyed high levels of health for much of their lives would experience such a marked decrease is rather puzzling, but two major contributing factors have been identified – problems in access to healthcare and acculturation – which will be the focus of the following discussion. The former works against immigrants’ health by impeding their access to both preventative and therapeutic care. The latter compounds this effect by creating new and unhealthy behaviours in immigrants, while at the same time acting as a barrier...
Stigma towards some of the mental health disorders among certain cultures and age groups(consulting psychiatrist for depression in older age groups), lack of knowledge in identifying psychiatric illnesses and risk of over or under diagnosing mental illness, are some of the major public health challenges in global mental health disease burden.
The social problem we have chosen to address is the mental health status of refugees. Refugees are exposed to a significant amount of trauma due to fear, war, persecution, torture, and relocating. The mental health illnesses that can affect refugees due to exposure to traumas include post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, and anxiety. Research indicated that refugees relocating from war-torn countries are particularly vulnerable to mental health concerns because many have experienced early traumas and face further post-traumas after relocation (Cummings, et al., 2011). However, despite the prevalence of mental health issues concerning refugees, mental health needs often go unrecognized and untreated.
In the United States 2,193,798 people are held in Federal prisons, local prisons and local/county jails. In local prisons 64.2 % of the inmates have a mental illness, 56.2 % in Federal prisons and 44.8 % in state prisons. Most of the inmates could have prevented their stay at the prisons if they were provided help for their illness, however they were not and they still have to serve their sentenced time. The inmates locked up are abused daily by other inmates or even the officers in charge. They cannot help they have illness and it is not fair that they have to suffer a punishment worse than they already have to. They are tormented and the abuse does not help their situation, the agitation can even make their condition worse, and the treatment for their illness is low quality if there is any at all. They are given harsh punishments or can even have their sentence made longer.
Poverty also comes with many stigmas and negative outcomes attached, and there are many impacts poverty has on person or group; some of the most significant and detrimental being barriers to health, victimisation, mental health issues and unstable housing situations to name a few. In a study that took place in Hamilton, it is shown that the aboriginal population visits the emergency room ten times more (Carter, 2014) but have less access to hospitals and face more discrimination than non-aboriginal people do. Statistics released by stats Canada reveal that aboriginal people have significantly higher rates of drug and alcohol abuse compared to non-aboriginal peoples. 32.7% of all aboriginal people experience alcohol abuse compared to 22.5% of non-aboriginal people. (Stats Canada, 2012) Mental health is also another significant aspect in the impact of poverty. It is shown that there is a staggering difference in suicide rates between the Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal population and the different Aboriginal identifying groups. A set of statistics shows that 24 people per 100,000 who identify as all status aboriginals have commit suicide, compared to 12 people per 100,000 who identify as non-aboriginal. An even larger number shows that 135 in every 100,000 Inuit peoples have commit suicide, this number is over 5x as large as the other aboriginal identities and just over 11x more than non-aboriginal peoples. (Khan, 2008) Another impact that poverty has on this demographic is unsuitable housing, a house is considered unsuitable if it is severely damaged, crowded and even possibly detrimental to one’s health. Statistics pertaining to living on native reserves show that 27.2% of on-reserve aboriginal people live in overcrowded dwellings, whereas only 4% of non-aboriginal people live in such
Another issue addressed by the American Psychological Association is the new spectrum of patients. This includes migratory workers, international workers, immigrants, temporary immigrants, undocumented immigrants, refugees, asylum seekers, and international students. These clients present various issues to their counselors regarding culture shock, acculturation, assimilation, uprooting, language barriers, economic, housing, and medical problems. Many counselors that these clients can afford to enlist for help are not well cultured in addressing their cultural issues. Cultural competency is another large scale
Depression is a serious mental health illness which affects an individuals’ mind, body and mood. It is a chronic and lifelong health condition (NICE, 2006) thought to be caused by a number of biological factors including neurotransmitter disturbances in the brain and an element of genetic vulnerability; these are often in addition to psychosocial factors such as the occurrence of undesirable life events, limited social network options, poor self esteem and the occurrence of any adverse life events during a persons’ lifetime (Bernstein, 2006). Depression can have an impact on a persons’ ability to do many things including working, engaging with others, participating fully in family life or maintaining relationships, and it can also impact on a person...
There are hundreds of different careers in the medical field ranging from neurosurgeons to nurse practitioners. Psychiatry deals specifically with the diagnosis and treatment of mental, behavioral, and emotional ailments. The main purpose of a psychiatrist is to help people coop with issues and stress in their environment that make it difficult to lead a normal and healthy lifestyle. These issues may arise from abuse, addiction, mental disability, disease, or physical injury. It is the psychiatrist’s job to ensure the patient can maintain a healthy attitude and continue to provide for themselves. A Psychiatrist may choose to specialize in many sub classes of mental health including children and adolescents, geriatric psychiatry, addiction, and pain management. While requiring an intense and difficult education, the occupation in psychiatry is one that offers meaningful, fulfilling work and a high-end salary.
Mental illness is the condition that significantly impede with an individual’s emotional, cognitive or social abilities (Savy and Sawyer, 2009). According to (Savy and Sawyer, 2009) neurological, metabolic, genetic and psychological causes are contributing factors for various types of mental illness like depression, schizophrenia, substance abuse and progression of condition. An elaborate system known as DSM-IV-TR gives a classification system that acts to separate mental illness into diagnostic categories based on the description of symptoms of illness (Savy and Sawyer, 2009). The exact primarily causes of mental illness are complicated, however, it seems to occur in a psychologically and biologically prone individual, in the trigger of environmental and social stress (Elder, Evans and Nizette, 2007).
Mental health issues affect people of every age all over the world, and there are so many complex disorders that people cope with. These issues and disorders include depression, anxiety disorders, and OCD (Fundamental facts about health, 2015). While many people suffer from mental illness, there is still a strong stigma surrounding the topic of mental health which makes it incredibly difficult for people, especially children and young adults, to talk about what they experience and to receive help. Many young people choose to suffer in silence than to be open about their challenges, however the statistics below confirm the issue of mental wellness is more common than people think.