Mali Empire Research Paper

The Mali Kingdom used to be one of the biggest empires in West African History. Its height when so far it went from the Atlantic Coast to the Sahara Desert. The Mali Empire was an empire in West Africa from 1230 to 1670. The Kingdom Of Mali was first founded when Sundiata Keita defeated Ghana and captured its capital in 1240. Keita was called upon to free the Mali people from the rule of the king of the Sosso Empire. Later after Keita defeated Ghana, Mali was then established in the mid-1200s by Keita. The Kingdom Of Mali later extended to the famous trading city of Timbuktu. Mali had built its wealth and power on the Gold and Salt Trade.

The birth of this kingdom had begun in its capital Niani, Also the birthplace of the founder Sundiata Keita. The Kingdom had many areas and smaller kingdoms. The smaller kingdoms pledged an allegiance to Mali by offering annual tributes in the form of rice, millet, lances and arrows. Mali, and the city of Timbuktu was famous a centre of learning and architecture. Like the Sankara Madrassa, it was a

good place for learning. Mali was also a monarchy ruled by the mansa, which had meant that the empire could survive seven periods of uncertainty and a chain of bad rulers.

Mali’s rulers decided to take upon the title “Mansa”. The founder of Mali, Sundiata, firmly accepted himself as a strong leader in both the religious and nonreligious scene. Even though the great extent of the Empire of Mali, it was often plagued by insufficient leadership. Sundiata’s son Mansa Wali, who became the next king after his father, is considered to have been one of the most powerful rulers of Mali. Khalifa the brother of Wali, was seen as a very bad ruler, and some historians describe how he would use bows and arrows to kill people for entertainment. Because of his misrule, Khalifa was dethroned and replaced by the grandchild of Sundiata named Abu Bakr.

Abu Bakr did not rule the throne for long, he had left with 2000 boats, he had gave up all power and gold to seek knowledge and to discover. He handed the throne over to his brother, Kankou Moussa, and set off on an expedition into the unknown. His predecessor and uncle, Soundjata Keita, had before now founded the Mali empire and subjugated a sound stretch of the Sahara Desert and the intense forests all along the West African coast.

Sakura’s mount to dominance too shows us that the ruling family, and the Mansa, had incomplete warrant in the Empire of Mali, and that the officers of the courtyard wielded momentous command in comparison. The Empire of Mali was organised into provinces with a rigorous hierarchical build up in which apiece territory had a Governor, and each one city had a mayor or mochrif . considerable armies were deployed to interrupt any rebellions in the less significant kingdoms and to safeguard the numerous trade routes. The decentralisation of capacity to junior levels of regime bureaucracy through ask for officers, as one with a narrow hierarchical structure, was separate of why the Malian Empire was accordingly committed in spite of a cycle of stale rulers. even with squabbles contained by the ruling family, the delegation of majestic administrative supremacy through minor structures intended that the Empire might serve extremely well.

It was in this milieu that the Empire of Mali’s largely renowned ruler, Mansa Munsa, ascended to the throne. It is debated by historians whether Mansa Musa was the grandson of one of Sundiata’s brothers, so building him Sundiata’s grand-nephew, or if he was the grandson of Abu Bakr. Mansa Musa converted to Islam and underwent a pilgrimage to Mecca in 1324, accompanied by 60,000 folks and generously proportioned quantities of gold. His liberality was purportedly consequently celebrated that by the time he gone Mecca he had old every chunk of gold he had full with him, and had to have access to capital for the put back trip.
 Mansa Musa was renowned to be a sensible and ecologically aware ruler, and one of his most actions was his expenses of a number of of the maximum buildings of Timbuktu.

In 1327 the illustrious Mosque in Timbuktu was constructed and Timbuktu would soon turn into a centre of learning. At the goal of Mansa Musa’s reign he had built and funded the Sankara Madrassa, which subsequently grow to be one of the most centres of knowledge in the Islamic world, and the best collection in Africa at the time. The Sankara Madrassa is estimated to retain housed between 250 000 and 700 000 manuscripts, assembly it the biggest documents in Africa since the boundless documents of Alexandria. nearly sources argue that during his reign Mansa Musa subjugated 24 cities with its surrounding land, in this fashion escalating the empire greatly. Mansa Musa is estimated to grasp died in 1337, and would toss the title of Mansa to his son, Mansa

Maghan.

The time of 1360 – 1390 was a time of troubles for the Empire of Mali. The Empire suffered under a number of injurious rulers with abruptly reigns. The throne distorted hands between a number of members of the ruling family and was at one crux apprehended by a guy named Mahmud, who was not from Mali nor position of the ruling family. sooner or later Mansa Mari Djata II managed to regain the throne for the ruling dynasty, but his dictatorial imperative ruined the state. As in preceding living it was a patio administrator who brought the Empire recede on road after a chain of terrible rulers. Mari Djarta, a ‘wazir’ , took weight and ruled, fundamentally drama as regent, through queen Mansa Musa II . During the reign of Mari Djarta, the Empire of Mali would repair several of the command that it had abandoned during the preceding 30 existence of misrule and civil war.

In the old-fashioned empire of Mali, the largely imperative production for trading was the gold industry. a good deal gold was traded through the Sahara desert, to the countries on the North African coast. The traders would move by caravans, on camels. The Sahara desert is a actual barren, wither place, which is fantastically unfriendly to pass away through, but that was the a large amount essential trade for the empire's economy. It was management of the trans-saharan trade routes that helped to remain the empire in power.

In North Africa, they would allot protected passage to the light brown caravans, and had a sum total expansions of markets honest for West African goods. merit to the Mamluks in Egypt and the Merinid empire in North Africa, they were flat bright to comprehend their gold sent altogether the style to the Mediterranean, auxiliary getting bigger their trade argument level farther. Gold was exceptionally copious in West Africa, it was second-hand for currency, decoration, on articles of clothing - for the abundant - and it was high-quality by several people. Worldwide, African gold was famous, several countries hunted it, and would trade for it. every one of of the equipment that Mali traded gold for helped them delay extraordinarily wealthy.

In Mali, the focal trade routes would travel from areas like somewhere current day Nigeria, Senegal, and Mauritania are, through the Sahara desert, and to seats in North Africa, like Egypt, Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia.The trade routes from Mali no more than enthusiasm through the Sahara, up to North Africa. even if they did trade with countries near the Mediterranean through the dwell in of North Africa, I ponder that they would grasp been flush added wealthy if they had traded with South Africa. Of module the South African introduce somebody to an area would be competent to gain unlike property than them, owing to assorted material geographies, and I feel that they can receive soundly prospered from trading with individuals people.