Major Depressive Disorders Paper

Many studies have been exploring the role on neighborhood settings in the development of major depressive disorders. Studies have established that individuals living in neighborhoods of a lower class have a higher risk of depressive symptoms. Others have failed to find a noteworthy relationship between economic conditions and psychological health. Kiljs et al. created a study that can support that lower class neighborhood conditions are linked to major depressive disorders by using 3 conceptual models. Model 1: The association between neighborhood income and major depressive episodes is explained by diseases, lifestyle factors, stress and social participation. Conceptual model 2: A low individual income relative to the mean income in the neighborhood

It is a validated brief structured interview for major psychiatric disorders, including depressive disorders. It consists of two core symptoms: consistently depressed and much less interested in most things, and seven related symptoms: loss of appetite, trouble sleeping, feelings of worthlessness and guilt, tiredness, talking or moving more slowly, difficulty concentrating or making decisions, and considering to hurt yourself/suicidal. Having at least five symptoms in total or one main symptom, the person was considered depressed. The mean disposable income in the neighborhood with an income of the individuals during the entire year determined the neighborhood income. The income was continuous with on-point increase of 500 a month, the participants were asked to report their net household income and asked how many people lived on the amount given. The researchers calculated the equalized individual’s income by the square root scale method, to which the net house hold income was divided by the square root of the number of persons living on this amount. The variable resulted was a continuous indicator to the one-point

The number indicated by the diseases was used for the analysis. Body mass index, smoking, physical activities report, and alcohol consumption were also other life style factors the participants were asked so the study can be modified the way it needed to. Acute and long term stress were measured using the LTE, List of Threatening Events, and LDI, Long-term Difficulties Inventory. The LTE measured the occurrence of 12 life events in long-term consequences in the past year. While in the other hand, LDI consisted of 12 items evaluating to what extent various domains of life were perceived as stressful during the last year. Both amounts summed up indicated how much stress the participant was associated with within that