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Relevance of ethics in international business
Relevance of ethics in international business
Relevance of ethics in international business
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Introduction The conduct of MNEs in international business depends hugely on how they ensure that, they observe business ethics that reflect the globally accepted principles of right or wrong. In this context, MNEs are thus expected to come up with ethical strategies which guide their course of action in the international business so that their operations do not violate such accepted principles. Nonetheless, a number of ethical issues and dilemmas in international business do manifest, consequently placing many MNEs in extremely difficult positions. Such ethical issues and dilemmas have often been attributed to the diverse political systems, economic situations, regulations, as well as cultures that exist from nation to nation (Tricker & Tricker, 2014). Examples on some of the most common ethical issues and dilemmas in international business include but not limited to the following: Improper employment practices Corruption and bribery Immoral behavior by managers Human rights Corporate social responsibility of multinational corporations Environmental regulations In most attempts of regulating the behavior of MNEs, different public policy regulation strategies are adopted using a couple of frameworks (Kline, 2005). Key among these frameworks includes the one on ethical framework. Body When MNEs operate in international business they encounter diverse political systems, economic situations, regulations, as well as cultures that exist from nation to nation. Ethical issues and dilemmas become entangled in various legal options that the MNEs have to fulfill. Equally, local customs plus the established norms add another layer of complexity to the already souring question of how to act both legally, as well as ethically in an unfamiliar... ... middle of paper ... ...ught to inform themselves sufficiently with the information relating to public policy regulation present in the different nations that they will operate in. Armed with such information, the managers ought to integrate the knowledge on these differences as their guiding rationale towards behaving ethically in every given culture. While failure to pay attention to such differences could result in a number of legal and reputational concerns, paying appropriate attention to them can immensely enhance corporate performance. Consequently, the paper contends that MNCs ought to focus on embracing ethical behavior in their operations irrespective of the nations that they operative in. In doing so, such actions will not only make them to be compliant with regulations in the respective country, but also it will provide them with an excellent image to their prospective clients.
The ethical code of an organization illustrates the importance of being honest, acting with integrity, and showing fairness in decision making (Bethel, 2015). Ultimately, “laws regulating business conduct are passed because some stakeholders believe they cannot be trusted to do what is right” (Ferrell, Fraedrich, & Ferrell, 2015, p. 95). In the last couple of years, culture has become the initiator for compliance, which means from the top down there has to be a commitment to act in a way that represents the company’s core values (Verschoor, 2015).
These include following the firm’s own values to the latter, adopting the host country’s values and business practices and abandoning operations in the host country. Organizations should endeavor to integrate their ethical values and business operation practices with universal ethical principles as well as with local cultural norms and business practices for success, (Hamilton, Knouse & Hill, 2008). Firms have a responsibility to respect the host country’s cultural legitimacy for following particular business practices. Firms that adapt their business practices to those of the host culture are likely to encounter low costs of introducing new practices, (Hamilton, Knouse & Hill, 2008). Moreover, incorporating host country values is a source of leverage to the firm since respect of local ethical values and practices enhance the reputation of the firm as one that respects, values and promotes the welfare of the local society and its values and cultural norms, (Hill et al. 2006).
There are many other things for Mr. Mocel to consider when making his decision about Lauren’s online test failure and his decision will ultimately reflect his morals. This ethical dilemma deals with professionalism, syllabus policies, and personal relationships. The stakeholders in this ethical dilemma would include Lauren, Mr. Mocel, other current students of Mr. Mocel’s biomechanics online course, other professors and administrators in the department of Exercise Science. In this specific ethical dilemma, the best solution for Mr. Mocel and Lauren is not so visible. There are many different people and situations to consider when making this decision for Lauren. The 3 following solutions address the dilemma that Mr. Mocel faces. These include, Mr. Mocel letting Lauren re take the final examination in hopes that Lauren keeps the re-take private, Mr. Mocel not letting Lauren retake the final examination because he doesn’t want to go against his policy but allowing her to complete an alternate assignment to achieve a passable, or that Mr.
In conclusion, companies that seek to integrate into global markets usually encounter several problems because of the effect of globalization on business practices. The challenges originating from such integration is attributed to the differences in cultures in various societies across the globe. As evident in Google’s dilemma in China, there is no single set of universal ethics that are applicable to all settings and societies across the globe. Companies such as Google need to develop varying ethical standards that are relevant and appropriate to various nations and cultures in the world. This would enable the companies that are integrating into global markets to avoid ethical issues while maintaining effective business practices.
For instance, when we are talking about the pharmaceutical business there strict ethical regulatory guidelines on sales. " The Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America, issued a set of guidelines for its member companies to follow when it comes to the relationship between drug reps and doctors. The voluntary code significantly changed how drug company representatives interact with doctors. Changes range from restricting gifts to limiting consulting contracts offered to doctors." These regulations affect a company like SOBI, it pushes them to strive for ethical behavior. This particular regulation affects corporate strategy directly. SOBI has to make sure they inform and educate their sales staff in ethical behaviors. Their brand must remain ethical in order for them to maintain the reputation of putting patients first, not their material
Throughout the ages businesses have developed through technological advancements and innovative ideas but there has always been a common struggle that they are faced with, ethical decisions. Everywhere we look there is some level of ethical deterioration (Norman V. Peale, 1988), immoral millions made through inside trading information, a day hardly passes without the head of some major organisation who has been involved in some aspect of an ethical dilemma. This essay will break down why businesses struggle with ethical decisions but before examining such a sensitive issue we must understand what an ethical decision really is. Within the process of decision making, ethics are the personal standards of right and wrong. They become the basis for making ethically sensitive decisions. “All that is necessary for the triumph of evil is that good people do nothing” (Burke,n.d). This quote from Edmund Burke who many view as the philosophical founder of modern conservatism shows the importance of the approach we take when it comes to ethical decisions in the workplace as the decisions we make can reflect on how the business is viewed by the outside world. In this essay I will be exploring relevant theory when evaluating why businesses struggle with ethical decisions. Firstly, I will look at how the outcomes of the ethical decisions affect the way in which they are approached. Secondly, I will look into the conflict between individualism and collectivism as businesses struggle to separate individual’s interests and the collective interest of the business. Thirdly, I will look at the moral rights approach and how businesses like Nike cross ethical lines for competitive advantage. Then the justice approach where ethical decisions are based on...
Multinational enterprise (MNE) is “a company that is headquartered in one country but has operations in one or more other countries” (Rugman and Collinson 2012, p.38) that has at least one office in different countries but centralised home office. These offices coordinate global management in the context of international business. MNEs have increasingly essential influence on the development of the global economy and coordinate with other companies in different business environments. However, there are many issues involved with how MNEs operate well overseas, especially in emerging markets (EMs) (Cavusgil et al., 2013, p.5).
From a managing ethics viewpoint, managers should remain these arguments in governments. At the same time as it is frequently not a good initiative to break laws to perform business, it is from time to time completed, and there are occasionally methods to circulate the laws of one nation or another. Managers who attempt to scamper an ethical business must be capable to choose for themselves whether they desire to perform business with exacting individuals as well as governments. Their ethical options should not be prohibited by some administration that takes away their alternative to operate ethically.
Understanding that the needs of one country differs from what you countries consist of addressing and taking a look at organizations who are MCNs, such as Walt Disney, their goal is to purse prospective consumers around the world and meet their wants in order to gain a profit. In addition, they need to implement the right decision making tools to send their employees overseas and a strategy as to how they will market their products ethically and legally in that particular country. According to the article, “Values in Tension: Ethics Away from Home, ” the author talks about how companies can work through ethical barriers without breaking laws within their own country. The article goes on to say that when we are dealing with countries that have a different set of standards of ethical behavior and various ways of handling unethical behaviors. It is important to understand how to operate within that countries ethics and being knowledgeable of the attitudes towards ethics. Therefore, it would not be considered a wise act to allow the other countries ethics to take precedence nor the host country, we have to remember that in some countries are focused on the consensus rather than the code of ethics. The article also, provides key information as far as balancing and provide three guiding principle within its “Balancing the Extremes: Three Guiding Principles,”
Kidder, R, M., (2010), Center for corporate Ethics, Institute for Global Ethics, retrieved on August 08,2010 from www.globalethics.org/ reserve reading from ethics news line
country that is developed, and they may be legal in a different way than a country that is less developed. This allows an international company to set up their own division develop in the country in order for them to take advantage of the legal,and yet unethical, employment practices. In order for the international business ethics to have strength or to enforce beyond the companies' decisions to obey the ethical standards, there should be a kind of legal agency that will investigate and prosecute any ethical employment breached standards.
Ethics refer to a set of values that are applied to the moral decisions and implications that emerge in the business environment. Consequently, these implications are considered to be important for internal, external stakeholders, and the natural environment. Thus, every business is required to abide by a code of ethics, which governs the behaviour and actions of an organization. Alongside with ethics, globalization is a process that enforces integration and interaction among a wide range of individuals and organizations, on an international level. Moreover, the utilization of ethics and globalization is regarded to be quite significant, specifically while devising marketing strategies; as applying such concepts to one’s business can give it
Mira Wilkins defines a multinational enterprise (MNE) as a “firm that extends itself over borders to do business outside its headquarters country.” By 1870, a period denoted as industrial capitalism, MNCs started to evolve and the nature...
In the business world there are many fundamental aspects and situations that can lead to several issues. In order to find an optimal and professional solution, business decision makers need to apply moral and ethical standards. And it is at that moment in which business ethics perform its role. Business ethics, which is in charge of examine how companies and individuals should act in business situations, is very essential in order to reach a common agreement and to work within the laws of business and solve an arisen dilemma. Working of the hand of ethical business companies, employees, investors, directors, and even individual officers can be beneficiated and obtain most favorable outcomes.
Arnold, D. G. (2013). Global justice and international business. Business Ethics Quarterly, 23(1), 125-143. doi:10.5840/beq20132315