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Introduction
A mutual accord in the international business literature is that business has increasingly become more globalized. Nonetheless, it is not only businesses that have become more globalized but also people who have become more global, (Friedman & Liu, 2008). As a result of increased globalization, cultural diversity is a common phenomenon in organizations. The implication of such a phenomenon is that managers are increasingly supervising employees from different cultural backgrounds, beliefs and attitudes than themselves, (Steers, Nardon & Sanchez-Runde, 2013). Such is the case for Molson Coors. Molson Coors found itself in a challenging situation where its cultural values markedly differed with those of Starbev, a Czech Republic
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These include following the firm’s own values to the latter, adopting the host country’s values and business practices and abandoning operations in the host country. Organizations should endeavor to integrate their ethical values and business operation practices with universal ethical principles as well as with local cultural norms and business practices for success, (Hamilton, Knouse & Hill, 2008). Firms have a responsibility to respect the host country’s cultural legitimacy for following particular business practices. Firms that adapt their business practices to those of the host culture are likely to encounter low costs of introducing new practices, (Hamilton, Knouse & Hill, 2008). Moreover, incorporating host country values is a source of leverage to the firm since respect of local ethical values and practices enhance the reputation of the firm as one that respects, values and promotes the welfare of the local society and its values and cultural norms, (Hill et al. 2006). Another challenge is brought about by the fact that the concerns of customers in developed countries are different from the concerns of the customers in developing ones, (Bruce Kennedy, 2014). This variation necessitates the need for companies operating in both environments to strike a balance and manage any conflicting situation appropriately and with …show more content…
However, because Indian manufacturers have been known to use child labour in production of hand-stitched soccer balls, Coca-Cola was forced to establish a Pre-Certification System for soccer balls it intended to purchase too support its sponsorship program. This case is a classic example of how companies can let the environment in which they operate to shape their operations to avoid perilous conflicts that can be detrimental to the success of their operations. Another gray area for companies with operations across multiple cultures includes the issue of employees’ freedom of association underpinned by the right to form and join trade unions. In some countries, employees are banned from forming or joining trade unions whereas in others it is an acceptable practice. As such, managers need to be cognizant of this fact and put in place mechanisms that are beneficial to both the company and the
The ethical code of an organization illustrates the importance of being honest, acting with integrity, and showing fairness in decision making (Bethel, 2015). Ultimately, “laws regulating business conduct are passed because some stakeholders believe they cannot be trusted to do what is right” (Ferrell, Fraedrich, & Ferrell, 2015, p. 95). In the last couple of years, culture has become the initiator for compliance, which means from the top down there has to be a commitment to act in a way that represents the company’s core values (Verschoor, 2015).
For a company to be successful ethically, it must go beyond the notion of simple legal compliance and adopt a values-based organizational culture. A corporate code of ethics can be a very valuable and integral part of a company’s culture but I believe that it is not strong enough to stand alone. Thought and care must go into constructing the code of ethics and the implementation of it. Companies need to infuse ethics and integrity throughout their corporate culture as well as into their definition of success. To be successfully ethical, companies must go beyond the notion of simple legal compliance and adopt a values-based organizational culture.
In 1873, Adolph Coors opened The Golden Brewery in Colorado after immigrating to the United States. Aside from his expertise and experience as a brewer, he only provided $2,000 to the start-up of the brewery. His partner, Jacob Schueler, provided $18,000. A few years later in 1880, Coors bought out Schueler in order to become the sole owner of the brewery. Production at that time was only about 3,500 barrels a year, but just 10 years later in 1890, Coors was producing 17,600 barrels of beer a year and the company was financially on firm ground (MillerCoors Timeline, 2011). The company even launched its first recycling effort in 1885, which will become a crucial part of the company’s success in the future.
Establishing and implementing a strategic approach to improving organizational ethics is based on establishing, communicating, and monitoring ethical values and legal requirements that characterize the firm's history, culture, and operating environment” (p. 129). Ethics programs ensure satisfactory relationships with all stakeholders by aligning with all of their demands and needs, and determine conduct with customers and relationships with regulators, shareholders, suppliers, and employees (Ferrell, 2004). Values are a core set of beliefs and principles, one or many. A number of factors contribute to the development of values. These include membership in a community or culture, attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors.
Constant technological and global changes create challenges that forces leaders to manage different cultures in different countries. People, goods, services, and ideas are moving today at greater speeds which mean our labor force is becoming more diverse and multicultural by the day. Effective leaders need to understand such global dynamics in order to successfully manage organizational cultures. The cultures of leaders and their core assumptions might be different from the values and assumptions of employees in a different country. Two managers working for the same global company might see things differently due to their backgrounds and cultural values. The different countries, in which the organization operates, will have different cultures depending on the social, economic, and political history of the country. Managing and understanding these differences need an effective cross-cultural thinking leader (Yukl, 2013). Some research questions that Yukl, 2013 suggests are: 1) how behavior differs across cultural values and for different countries? 2) How values and behaviors are influenced by personality across company and country? 3) What types of traits, skills, and experience are most useful to prepare a leader being assigned to a new country? 4) How does the fast-changing culture in developing countries affect and relate to
Business ethics simply can be defined as the application of business values in the business practice of a company (Seawell 2010, p. 2). For a multinational company, business ethics is one of the critical aspects need to be taken into account in business decision-making processes. Failure to give attention on ethics may bring consequences on company’s reputation (Meyer & Jebe 2010, p. 159). The company is expected not only to pursue its own profits but also contributing to the environmental and social welfare of the community where it operates (Svensson & Wood 2008, p. 308).
In conclusion, companies that seek to integrate into global markets usually encounter several problems because of the effect of globalization on business practices. The challenges originating from such integration is attributed to the differences in cultures in various societies across the globe. As evident in Google’s dilemma in China, there is no single set of universal ethics that are applicable to all settings and societies across the globe. Companies such as Google need to develop varying ethical standards that are relevant and appropriate to various nations and cultures in the world. This would enable the companies that are integrating into global markets to avoid ethical issues while maintaining effective business practices.
The purpose of this research is to provide a substantial assessment/explanation/analysis of the degree to which the McDonald’s operates based on a universal cultural or whether it is most strongly influenced by the national culture of that country. The researcher will explain how McDonald’s uses diversity and organizational initiatives to contribute to the corporate bottom line. Finally, the researcher will evaluate the company’s bottom-line rationale for diversity initiatives.
“When in Rome, Do As The Romans Do.” This proverb is generally accepted by many people all around the world. Should this idea of “cultural relativism” be applied in the formation of ethical standards of international business? Or, there is a single list of truths that require exactly the same behavior across the different cultures, as the theory of “ethical imperialism” claim? (Donaldson, P. 477)
Value systems across cultures can help to explain the differences in behaviour amongst people from different countries (McCort and Malhotra, 1993), which tend to stay with people over time. There are many different cultures and in order for an organisation to be successful, they need to take many different into account to ensure that they are successful in different countries and cultures. Cultural values appear to have considerable effects on management decision making processes (Clark, 1990; Ken, 1985; Picken, 1987; Shane, 1988; Swierczek, 1991). Culture is defined as “the set of distinctive spiritual, material, intellectual and emotional features of society or a social group, and that it encompasses, in addition to art and literature, ways of living together, value systems, traditions and beliefs” (Unesco, 2002).
This case from Apple, a multinational corporation, shows that there are threats that are facing companies like her as they strive to set foot in global markets. The company’s fallout in terms of salaries and fair compensation is one of such threats that are expressly found in Apples case. Companies seeking global markets will need to strategize and foresee such developments to avoid such developments. Due to the diversity of global markets, the threat of failing to comply with laws in these locations is always
There are a number of issues that affect international business ethics. They include employment practices, human rights, environmental regulations, corruption, and moral obligation of multinational companies. Employment practice refers to the working conditions an employee must work under. This can be very difficult to gauge, because many times the working conditions of a host nation are inferior to those in an organizations home nation. Many organizations have had to fight with these regulations. A good example of this in the trouble Nike found themselves in during the 1990s. There were a number of news reports released about the working conditions of most of its subcontractors were very poor . The Nike Company was not breaking any laws but it did bring into question the ethics of using a sweatshop. After this incident it left a number of questions for the international marketplace. In recent years many companies have cut ties with organizations that use unsafe and unfair labor practice.
The differences in other cultures vary from beliefs to ways of life, or norms, of the different societies. The importance of understanding and sensitivity to other countries’ differences is crucial to a business’ success. “Lack of familiarity with the business practices, social customs, and etiquette of a country can weaken a co...
Sonderberg, A-M & N Holden. (2002), Rethinking cross cultural management in a globalizing business world' International Journal of Cross Culture Management 2(1): 103-121
A well-managed bi-cultural team is proven to be a success because when people from different backgrounds bring their own unique cultural experiences to the situations they face in their companies and this broader perspective of viewpoints tends to allow for a better ultimate resolution, however if those teams are not managed properly, and if the size of those teams are not managed, and the individuals are not catered to, the cons may outweigh the