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Impact of westernization on tribes of india
Impact of westernization on tribes of india
Indigenous tribes of Latin America
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Los Mapuches is a tribe of south america indian people who inhabit south-central chile. The name Mapuche means “people of the earth”. “They are known for their beautiful metal work, especially jewelry such as their head dresses and necklaces”(Textile arts of the Mapuche of Chile). The traditional dress of the Mapuche men is simple and practical, consisting of a shirt, a breechcloth, and the poncho. In pre-Hispanic times, the Mapuche were nomadic fishermen, hunters, and gatherers, wearing furs and covering their tents with animal skins. “The influence of the silver coin from the Spaniards had a major affect on their craftsmanship. When a member of the Mapuche dies, a wooden carving known and a chemamull is placed to mark the grave site. Each …show more content…
carving in unique and can either be male or female. The statues are generally over 2 meters in height”(Mapuche, seeds of the soul).
Handwoven textiles are divided into four categories: clothing, horse equipment, utilitarian items, and items for the tourist trade. Blankets, saddle blankets, bedspreads, rugs, sashes, and bags are among the woven textiles. A small portion of the woven products is destined for family use, but the larger share is taken to the market. The some half million surviving members have been known for the profoundly spiritual relationship they have maintained with the land and the natural environment, as well as for their fierce sense of independence. The traditional dress of the Mapuche men is simple and practical, consisting of a shirt, a breechcloth, and the poncho. The woman’s dress (kepam) is a finely Herrick 2 woven wool rectangle that is wrapped around a woman’s body with her left shoulder exposed and fastened on the right shoulder with silver jewelry or, more recently, safety pins, and secured at the waist with a woven belt. In pre-Hispanic times, the Mapuche were nomadic fishermen, hunters, and gatherers, wearing furs and covering their tents with animal skins. After becoming familiar with agriculture, they became skilled in weaving, basketry, and pottery. The Inka introduced
maize and other cultivated plants, llamas, tillage with the digging stick, improvements in weaving implements, the fashioning of Inka-style clothes, the use of wooden vessels and utensils, the needle (metal-working), huts with wooden frameworks and thatched roofs, alcoholic beverages, tobacco smoked in stone pipes, improved methods for weights and measures, and new beliefs and rituals. The Mapuches have lasted since before the spanish arrived in 1541. “The influence of the silver coin from the Spaniards had a major affect on their craftsmanship. When a member of the Mapuche dies, a wooden carving known and a chemamull is placed to mark the grave site”(Mapuche). The woman’s dress is a finely woven wool rectangle that is wrapped around a woman’s body with her left shoulder exposed and fastened on the right shoulder with silver jewelry or, more recently, safety pins, and secured at the waist with a woven belt. The Inka introduced more culture to the mapuches and other cultivated plants, llamas, tillage with the digging stick, improvements in weaving implements, the fashioning of Inka-style clothes, the use of wooden vessels and utensils, the needle. This is the Los Mapuches.
Europe’s monopolization of the silver trade did not provide the continent with as much wealth as it had hoped, yet it still was the backbone of many european economies. The desperation of Europe to hold on to said industry led the nations involved to change their tactics from not only gaining wealth from Asia, but extracting it too. One of the main contributors to this shift in the pattern of the silver trade was Spain, as it monopolized the industry until the 17th century. The purpose of document 2 was to show others in the silver business that Spain was a strong and dominant force over the silver industry and perhaps to discourage chinese sale of goods in order to protect spanish domestic production. Spain did so by creating artwork that showcased Spanish technological advancement (doc 2) and by increasing the flow of information about Chinese affairs in the colonies to the Spanish crown (doc 4). Both of these tactics send a message to others in the silver business - Spain is best equipped to run the silver industry and any funny business will be reported to the crown. This set a precedent of unity and centrality, one of the most threatening features a civilization can possess. If a nation is unified, it can conquer others and protect itself. Circa 500 B.C.E., The Persian empire also utilized the flow of information to protect its
Each one of the Timucua villages was ruled by a chief who exacted tribute in the form of food from the villagers. Village chiefs owed allegiance to a tribal chief who had numerous villages under his control. These chiefs were selected from important clans, and they inherited their title and wealth from their mother’s brother. The chief with the most important village often had the greatest power and influence; power grew out of the respect and prestige afforded that chiefs village (Milanich 151). Timucua villages had several titles for their villages such as holata, utina and paracusi, but the most important received the title utina or paracusi. These titles are really weird, it just seems like they mushed a couple of letters together to make a word that may sound nice. I don’t even know how to pronounce none of these words, I’m so glad we don’t have any hard titles to say for the people that are in charge of our states and country. The Timucua Indians seemed to be very attractive people, with them being over six feet tall with olive or brown colored skin (Thompson 15). They were very sturdy, muscular and athletic because of their way of living and them having to work and make everything that they had. The men had long black hair that they would bound up around their head, it would be
"For the most part, headdresses are restricted items. In particular, the headdress worn by most non-natives imitate those worn by various Plains nations. These headdresses are further restricted within the cultures to men who have done certain things to earn them. It is very rare for women in Plains cultures to wear these headdresses, and their ability to do so is again quite restricted."
Hmong textiles are designed with a variety of geometric shapes and patterns. Shapes are regularly added to their dresses, headdresses, and flower cloths. During the Hmong New Year, men and women wear a traditional dress with a turban wrap or a rooster hat. The dress has a very conservative style; covering majority of the body of the man or woman. It is designed by adding embroideries and appliqués. The headdress is also a main part of the dress. Turban wrap is used as a rounded covering for the head, conversely the rooster hat is highly decorated and resembling the comb of a rooster. The flower cloth, or the Hmong word "Paj Ntaub", has been in the Hmong history for over two centuries. Flower cloths are embroideries contain mainly geometric designs and bright yarns. Hmong textiles are often embellished with bright yarns and are usually know as "story cloths." They were weaved to narrate different series of events: the villa...
The traditional owners of the land maintained the environment by using only what they needed, there was no waste left behind, they respected and new the values of the environment and they didn’t modify or harm their natural resources. They were nomadic, meaning they moved around so they didn’t use all of the resources. For example they fish in one area and then move on. If it was trout season they would take more, however if it wasn’t then they wouldn’t take any as it would disrupt the ecosystem.
Clothing is a necessity that is need throughout life for protection and comfort, especially in a lifestyle that leads one to have direct contact with the outside environment and a life in the fields. With the low income that a sharecropper and his family had to work with, being fashionable was not one of their top priorities. Even having sufficient clothing at all was a struggle for the family. The clothing that they did have was “coarse, crude, and not warm enough” (Gentry 138). The typical attire for men was “denim overalls”, and...
Colonial ideas continue to shape perceptions regarding gender in modern day Chile and persist in influencing Chilean attitudes toward the machi. Because of the co-gendered identities associated with Mapuche shamanism, the machi are considered effeminate and deviant in a country where concepts of power and prestige are closely linked to ideas of masculinity. Therefore, machi are further marginalized and ostracized. These views are not solely applied to the male machi, but are extended to the female practitioners who are labeled witches. However, male machi are forced to struggle to legitimate themselves and validate their religious pra...
Bartolome de Las Casas was an important protector of native peoples because the latter part of his life was dedicated to social reforms that called for better treatment of the natives.
The study of costume history not only tells us the information about the individuals that wear them, but also helps us understand their social mores and economic status. In her book, Lou Taylor examines the history of mourning wear and provides the readers an understanding of how material culture shaped and developed the practices of mourning. Although dated, it still offers a great detailed survey of the mourning costume and traditions.
The way they dressed quickly changed as shown when Marji asserted that “In no time, the way people dressed became an ideological sign. There were two kinds of women. The fundamentalist woman [and] the modern woman. There were also two sorts of men. The fundamentalist man [and] the progressive man” (75). Satrapi uses the two frames on page 75 to illustrate the idea associated with the two different ways in which both men and women chose to dress whether it be tradition, or not. Satrapi expounds how their choice of dressing then depicts their view on the Islamic Revolution. She explains how the modern women rebelled by wearing heard scarves, instead of the traditional full veil, along with letting some hair slightly fall out to show opposition against the Iranian regime. She continues with how the progressive man also showed their opposition by tucking their shirts in and shaving their facial hair, in contrast to the fundamentalist man who leaves his shirt hung out, along with a full beard. Satrapi denotes that both genders of characters take the risk of not dressing like a fundamentalist, in order to show their form of rebellion in a settle way, knowing of course that there is always a possibility of
The clothing also represents the breakdown of the society. To begin, most of the boys were wearing school uniforms and some were wearing choir robes. This shows they are educated, civilized young men, who are most likely from, or around the city. As time passes, the boys do not remain fully clad. They shed their shoes and shirts. Their hair grows longer, and they are dirtier. This resembles their civilized ways beginning to fade. They also started using face paint for camouflage, and it eventually becomes a ritual.
Traditional Vietnamese clothes are known to be very graceful and elegant. The most recognized piece of clothing is the ‘ao dai’, a national costume that every woman wears. ‘Ao’ refers to a piece of clothing and ‘dai’ means long. It is a tight, fitted tunic that normally reaches the ankle and has a slit starting from the waist, making it easier to move. The pants are loose and are normally made from silk. Its concept is ‘cover everything and hide nothing’. It can be worn as a school uniform, to festivals, and to performances. It can also be worn with a non la. The ‘non la’, or conical hat, is a practical hat used for protection from the sun and rain. It is normally made of straw, bamboo, or palm leaves. It shaped like a cone and is held on by a piece of cloth. That is normally mode of silk.
The only permitted mode clothing in the traditional Samoan culture is the lava, a type of dress wrapped around the shoulder (Purcell-Sjölund, 2013). However, the influence of the western culture is quickly taking root in the country with urban women and men beginning to adopt foreign attires such as trousers and shorts. On traditional occasions, Purcell-Sjölund (2013) observes that all Samoans, rural or urbanized are required to wear the traditional lava. Modesty in dressing is highly adored among the Samoans, especially in the rural areas. Despite these traditions being held so high in Samoa, there are no specific distinguished taboos. The culture of the Samoans, however, consider it impolite to walk in front of people when in a group instead of side-by-side. When one excuses themselves to others, they do it by bowing down to
She is dressed in very dull black colors from the neck down to her shoes that are out of view, wearing dull black buttons, dark gloves, a black cape to complement her already dark dress, and black ribbons on her dark hat that she’s placed on her lap. With the time period being in the 1800s, the expectations for women in mourning expected them to wear dark, non reflective material while wearing no jewelry at all. Her hair fixed down to her shoulder the way it is leads me to believe she is a younger lady, maybe 15 to 18 years of age because older women’s hair would be put up based on the time period. Placed to her right is a small double locked carpet bag with a flower image sewn on the outside of it. This suggest that she is either going to or coming back from a funeral not to far away and inside the bag are traveling clothes to keep the clean and well prepared. Her hand placement is critical to pay attention to as her right hand looks to not be at complete rest on her upper left forearm and her left hand is clutching a small case similar to the size of a glasses case (maybe a coin purse) and a white handkerchief that looks very wrinkled and
The weather was humid and dry. The men usually wore a cloth around their waist. More elite men dressed in robes tying from their shoulders down to their kneecaps (Laughton p.37). These robes also contained elaborate designs. The women dressed in dresses that wrapped around their shoulders almost like a toga (Sharer p.103).