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How English evolved into a modern language
The relationship between language and literature
Evolution of the English language as a world language
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The intention of the paper is to exhibit a comprehensive reading of literary luminaries who contributed to the stock of English vocabulary. English language has the most enriched vocabulary of the world. It is famous for its derivative, assimilative, structural and flexible features. English people have inquisitive mind and they add to their stock what they found essential for them. So I shall show indebtedness of English language towards the great luminaries. It has influence of foreign vocabulary. English language can be called a language of massive efforts and it is a collage. It has got influenced and it has also influenced several languages.
Literature and linguistic aesthetics are two phase of a single paper, without one other has no value. English luminaries do not only created great works but also enriched its vocabulary. English is a living and growing language. The vocabulary of English is so rich because of its digestive, assimilative, inventive and derivative features. It has assimilated words and phraseology from Greek, Latin, French, Scandinavian, Hindi, Urdu and American dialects. It did not only assimilate but made everything of its own. Time to time essayists, poets, novelists, philosophers, scientists and thinkers added its treasure with words and phrases. It has discarded, replaced, and modified a large number of words. It is remarkable to note how a dialect became an international language. It has become the language of international communication and business.
During old English period (450-1150), Middle English period (1150-1500) and Modern English period (1500 -1945) a large number of words were borrowed from French, Latin, and Celtic Civilization and other foreign languages; if we talk about its borrowin...
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... only England but also the whole world. Modern English vocabulary is the riches the vocabulary of the world. From it has taken several words like jungle, curry, coolie, pandit, bungalow, lathi, etc. They reigned upon India for a long time. They influenced and got influenced from Indian, culture, language and various dialects and sensibility.
To conclude it can be said that English is an international language whose vocabulary is so enriched and prosperous. It has become an indistinguishable part of our daily communication. India like developing countries is performing their official work in English. In India English has been recognized as the second language and is being used as second language.
Works Cited
McCrum, R. etal. 1986. The Story of English. BBC Publications.
Baugh, A.C. and Cable, T. 1994 (4th ed.) A History of the English Language. London: Routledge.
Cerjak ,The English Journal, Vol. 76, No. 5 (Sep., 1987), pp. 55-57 Published by: National Council of Teachers of English
In Johnson’s preface to A Dictionary of the English Language, Johnson argues the importance of preserving language. Other dialects had a produced their own dictionaries, such as the French and Italians. Various writers of the eighteenth century were alarmed at the fact that there was no standard for the English language, since there was no standard it could easily become extinct. Johnson explored many points, such as how and why languages change as well as how many words are formed.
Success only truly comes with being happy. Happiness and success are the accomplices of one another. Someone cannot have accompanies without the other. Happiness brings success, and success brings even more happiness. Success, in the dictionary, is defined as the achievement of something desired planned or attempted. Therefore, success cannot be judged by anyone than oneself. It is a personal thing. It is the realization of goals, desires or plans made by one 's self. It is not measurable and yet is something we always use to compare others or appraise someone 's worth. Success, in one form or another, is something that someone should always be striving for. For some people it is something they will do subconsciously, and for others it will be something they will constantly labor for. Because success is something that is different for everyone, it is best that they measure their personal success by their sense of self worth instead of others. To have succeeded is to have lived, as someone wanted; ' it is to have lived well and laughed
Success is really nothing more than the progressive realization of a worthy Ideal. This means that this person who knows what he is doing and knows where he is going is a success. Any person with a goal, toward which he is working, is a successful person. This means that the boy in high school that is working towards a diploma, or the boy in college towards a degree, is just as successful as any human being on earth. Because he knows what he is doing, why he is getting up in the morning, and where he is going.
The English language has been in constant transition throughout its history, but the most significant transformation in modern English can be credited to William Shakespeare. With Shakespeare’s invention of commonly used expressions, his creation of new words, and his use of iambic pentameter, he was able to affect the language in a way that no person since has. Shakespeare’s influence on modern English is not only visible in everyday speech, but also in the fact that his work has survived over four hundred years and it continues to be performed and read worldwide.
“How will I be successful?” I think to myself, wondering where my life will take me. The dictionary has many definitions for this term, such as the accomplishment of one’s goals and the attainment of wealth, position, honors or the like. A variety of people have a plethora of definitions for the word “success.” Some define it has having limitless amount of wealth, with an enormous mansion and an array of extravagant cars. Others define success by the relationships they have and waking up in the morning content with the life they have created for themselves. To some it is a mixture of both of these things, and to some it is neither. Success a subjective term that does not have one definitive meaning, which is what
Building upon Johnson’s authoritative work, other lexicographers continued to go beyond the limited range of the dictionary to cover both grammar and lexicon in even more point. In the introduction, he his strengthen his focus for people. Entick claims that his grammatical introduction will serve the user’s experience in English and also help him obtain required social and linguistic capability. William Kenrick states on the title page in “A New Dictionary of the English Language” that he will include, for each entry, information on etymology, orthography, and idiomatic use in writing, the three pattern which had appeared in the grammar books of the seventeenth century. Even, he will also show us the correct pronunciation concord to the “present practice of polished speakers in the Metropolis” more distant, it evidence of the increased lexicographic focus on communication at that time.
In conclusion, we see that not only were the major changes to the English Language during the renaissance mainly lexical but also were mainly due to social and economic factors.
Reading of Chapter four in the textbook titled " Foreign Influences on Old English,” the followings are the terms that came across as interesting and necessary for the understanding of the extent of foreign influence on the old English language:
Geoffey Chaucer lived from 1343-1400, and during that time wrote multiple works (Smith 7). Chaucer’s language soon became the new standard for writing, for which it differed from Modern English by the pronunciation of long vowels (Weiner 1). “For example, Middle English’s “long e” in Chaucer’s “sheep” had the value of the Latin “e”, which sounded like the Modern English’s “Shape”” (Weiner 1). And while his writing poses multiple similarities to the English spoken today, it still provides enough difference to see the change with the years in between. Without his work, many linguists would not have a clear understanding of how the linguistics shifts within Middle English itself
113-117. 151-195. The. English: A Linguistic Tool Kit, (2012), (U214, Worlds of English, DVD ROM), Milton Keynes, The Open University. English in the World, (2012), (U214, Worlds of English, DVD ROM), Milton Keynes, The Open University.
Have you ever wondered where the names of the different items you use daily came from? Or listened to people talk and find a particular word interesting or odd and wonder why it has become part of our English language? The English language that we speak today has developed as a result of many different influences and changes over thousands of years. The resulting changes to the English language can be split into three time periods that include, Old English or Anglo-Saxon, Middle English and Modern English which is commonly used today
It has been adopted by different sectors making it one of the most used languages in the globe. This has been attributed to its effective nature, easy learning and rich history. However, conservative groups exist who argues that there should be global language since it may cause the emergence of superior cultures. Nevertheless, it is evident that different cultures ranging from the early polish immigrants, the African American community, the advertising and media will greatly benefit from the globalization of the English language. This will prove in the end that English is indeed a global
With the power that the internet has been able to retain within the last two decades, words are being introduced to the English language and added to the oxford dictionary on a yearly basis. However, there was a time where words were being borrowed from other counties as men began migrating and exploring different lands. With the increase of movement, there was also a movement of language. This movement molded certain words into different spellings and with time, shifted their definitions. In this paper, I will analyze the way words are introduced into the English language. In particular, I note the different places where certain English words have been borrowed from and how words are often named after people and/or places. I also note how certain words are introduced into the English lexicon based on the different features that the object which they represent
Mollin, S., 2006. “English as a Lingua Franca: A New Variety in the New Expanding Circle?”, The Nordic Journal of English Studies 5(2), pp. 41-57. Available from