Life in the Middle Ages were like hell to some people and like heaven to others. The Middle Ages had three levels of society, The king, The Barons, and the peasants. Kings ruled by divine right and were believed to be chosen by god. People believed to rebel against the king was a sin but that did not stop them from rebelling. A great king would have had to have a strong personality or the barons would try to rebel against him. The king gave land to the barons in exchange for soldiers that would fight for so many days out of a year. The barons were the tenants-in-chief of the Middle Ages. Barons are people who gave out the land to people like Knights and other Barons. The barons had to pay money to the king which was considered ‘shield money’ which is money to pay the knights. People who worked for the baron were like slaves but they did not get beat these were peasants. Peasants had the worst life back in the middle ages they were at the very bottom of the pyramid. There are two kinds of peasants there are the serfs and the villeins. Peasants were not free and couldn't …show more content…
Mixing all these ingredients together made a highly flammable powder that we know as gunpowder. Gunpowder in the middle ages only used Fifty percent saltpeter and was less catastrophic then in today's society which uses seventy-five percent saltpeter which is more cataphoric. Gunpowder was not supposed to be made but was made on accident and it wasn’t used for bad causes.
The Chinese used gunpowder for many different inventions when they first created it. Gunpowder was not always used for bad intentions by the inventors. Gunpowder was initially used for fireworks shows in the late 1200s. The fireworks used from gunpowder was on a string like the modern day black cats. In the thirteenth century gunpowder made it way to europe, japan and other
Others were more like slaves. They owned nothing and were pledged to their local lord. They worked long days, 6 days a week, and often barely had enough food to survive”(“Middle Ages History”). Knights were above the peasants and they were given land granted by the barons in exchange for their military services if the king needed it. They were responsible for protecting the baron who granted them land as well as the baron’s family and the manor they lived at. The knights were able to keep any amount of land they were given, and they gave out the rest to the serfs. The lord, or baron, was above the knight in the social class divide. They were given land by the king and in return they showed loyalty to the monarch. They provided the king with fully equipped knights if the king needed some to serve. If the baron “did not have an army, sometimes they would pay the king a tax instead. This tax was called shield money”(“Middle Ages History”). The king was at the top of the feudal system and held the most power and wealth. The king could not maintain control over all the land in England so he divided the land up to the barons which eventually
History has proven the use of chemical weapons ranging back for decades. From the Greeks in ancient Europe using Greek fire to South American tribes using a form of tear gas made of grounded up hot chili peppers to scare away enemy tribes. As well as dipping the tips of spear heads with a poisonous toxin. Poisonous toxins used from live reptiles like frogs and venom from the snakes found from whichever region had enough potency venom to exterminate. The past has proven, that in order for Armies to survive and win, it relied on out smarting the enemy. New technologies and the evolution of weaponry were left to the brightest minds from those eras to develop.
The person in charge of the peasant he "owned" was known as a lord. A lord and peasant were very courteous towards one another because of the fact that a lord, no matter what, could not evict a peasant and also a peasant was unable to decline work (Gilberts para. 1). A peasant would work three days a week on his lord's land. Peasants proved to be very precious to their "landowner because of the work" they were capable of achieving.
“Feudalism was a political, economic, and social system in which nobles were granted the use of land that legally belonged to the king” (Doc. 1) "Social" life in the Middle Ages was the only kind of life people knew. Whether nobility, craftsperson or peasant your life was defined by your family, your community and those around you (OI). “The Church protected the Kings and Queens (OI).” “The King is above Nobles, Nobles above Knights, and the Knights are above serfs (Doc.1).” “ Nobles provides money and knights. Knights provide protection and military service (Doc. 1).” Social network, your village and your local nobility, was your family (OI).” “From the moment of its baptism a few days after birth, a child entered into a life of service to God and God’s Church (Doc.3).” “Every Person was required to live by the Church’s laws and to pay heavy taxes to support the Church (Doc.3).” “In return for this, they were shown the way to everlasting life and happiness after lives that were often short and hard (Doc. 3).” In conclusion, this is what it was like in the Middle Ages from a social
A serf sometimes was bound to soil which meant that they had to stay on the manor forever until they die. The serfs were not paid much they were paid just enough to eat, they got to keep a little bit of what they grew.
A large majority of people living in villages had to work in fields in order to grow food. These people who needed to work the fields were known as serfs or peasants. There was no mechanization of agriculture in the Middle Ages, “so a very high proportion of the population-probably around 90 percent-was needed to raise food” (Singman 65). Although many people lived and spent their lives in the villages, others spent their days in the manor house. “Daily life in the Middle ages was dictated by wealth, power and status and the feudal system” (Lords and Ladies). The manor was a very organized area, with roads connecting everything, so if someone needed to get from the manor house to the fields, they could easily without getting lost (Singman 67). Even though the villages mainly housed serfs and peasants, it was very organized. A typical village was located “in the center of an open-field was the living space of the inhabitants, consisting of a cluster of homes, often gathered around a village green or a dirt street, and in many cases with a church and manor house in the same area” (67). In conclusion, daily life was always filled with hard work, no matter what social group someone was
Other compounds were used and they had good benefits and bad ones to the point of widespread destruction. Most of the explosives contain a nitro group this group has a nitrogen and two oxygens. Gunpowder would be perfect example of one of the things invented it was used in china, Arabia, and India. In this component there was nitrate salt (KNO3). The oxygen is what gave the gunpowder its black color. Gunpowder was originally used in firecrackers and fireworks. The chemical reaction of gunpowder is 4KNO3 + 7C+ S 3CO2 + 3CO + 2N2 + K2CO3 + K2S. (Burreson). A blend of liquor and water was utilized to deliver a powder that hardened and could be smashed, the finer the powder the faster it will burn. (Burreson). The reason for explosives making such destruction is because the shock wave is caused by very rapid increase in volume as gas forms and the shock wave travels a hundred meters per second and they give off large amounts of heat. (Burreson). In the explosive the nitro compounds N2 is formed. The structure of N2 has a triple bond so that’s why it’s so strong. The number of nitro groups depends on the explosiveness and power. Later workers started to suffer from headaches due to them dealing with nitroglycerin and it caused people to suffer from a heart disease called angina pectoris. This disease caused dilation of blood vessels from the heart muscle which allows the flow of blood and releases the pain. In 1833, a man named Alfred found a way to make a larger explosion by just adding a little gunpowder to nitroglycerin. Nitroglycerin was frequently polluted by the corrosive utilized as a part of the assembling process and tended to gradually break down. The gases created by this disintegration would pop the plugs of the zinc jars in which the dangerous was pressed for
Without modern technology social life in the Middle Ages was define by your family, community and those around you regardless of what kind of skills or field you were in. The majority of people did not live in large cities like our society do today. There were limited social contact except with their village or family which was their community network. I think their society was a little dull comparing to today’s society, because they had a daily standard routine not saying our society doesn’t have a routine as well, but it just seems just a little more interesting.
Chemical weapons have been used in many occasions in war, including Ancient Times, The Middle Ages, World War I, and World War II and so on throughout time. Many kinds of chemical weapons have been used but modern chemical weapons started on April 22, 1915, with the Germans use of Chlorine gas on the Allie troops in WWI. In this incident 6,000 cylinders of the gas were released by 2 battalions along a 6 kilometer of the front, and the wind dispersed the clouds of gas killing 5,000 soldiers and putting 1,500 more out of the war. This caused great panic because nothing like this had happened before and wasn't expected by the allies. Previous to this event in the Middle Ages they used such things as arsenic and more natural things as chemicals which were as powerful as the chlorine gas ended up being in WWI. Chemical weapons were used many times after the Germans used chlorine gas in WWI, chlorine, phosgene, benzyl bromide, hydrogen cyanide, and then mustard gas in 1917. Mustard gas became the worst and most popular chemical weapon used when it came out because of how harmful it was to the enemies; in addition it was figured that 1,300,000 soldiers were killed by the chemical weapons by the end of WWI. This essay stated that: "If the first World War had continued for yet another year it would indeed have been called the first Chemical War" (A Short History of Chemical Weapons) In WWII the use of chemical weapons decreased a lot and was only used in the Far East.
There are a multitude of understandings and interpretations of the concept culture. A common definition may be a, “cumulative deposit of knowledge, experience, beliefs, values, attitudes, meanings, hierarchies, religion, notions of time, roles, spatial relations, concepts of the universe, and material objects and possessions acquired by a group of people in the course of generations through individual and group striving”(Hofstede). An explanation that may be used to discuss the culture of the Middle Ages. Furthermore, it may be used to examine the changes in key aspects, such as, religion, gender roles, and social norms during the time period of approximately the 500s to the 1500s.
In the Medieval Period, life was either very great or very bad, according to your class. Only 2 classes existed during this time: the nobles, such as kings and knights who lived inside the castle, or the peasants, such as working-class people who lived in often unspeakable conditions. The peasants treated the nobles with the utmost respect, for if they didn’t, then the nobles could have them beheaded. (Sanders, p 34). The nobles were almost always the ones who owned land, and the peasants worked on this land in exchange for a small portion of it, in a sense, rented out in exchange for the labor. Peasants often worked 16-hour days as long as they could see into the nighttime and got very bad nourishment. The noble was not interested in the health of the peasants working on his land, as there was a significant supply of others who were very willing to take his or her place.
In Medieval Europe, feudal classes were clearly outlined, dictating almost all aspects of society based on one’s class. While they didn’t live the flamboyant lives of lords and ladies, peasants are interesting in their own right. They were the working class of medieval society and made up the largest portion of the population. Peasants were mostly farmers, but some were millers, blacksmiths, or taverners. They made all the food and paid most of the taxes.
Freemen were also an important part of the feudal system, and though they were also peasants there were many key differences between them and serfs. One of the main differences between the two was in what they owed their lord. Freemen and serfs did very similar work in the fields (Bennett 99). However unfree peasants, also called villeins or serfs, differed from free peasants in that they had to work for the lord and farm the lord’s demesne (Gies and Gies 205-206). Freemen, instead, worked only on their own fields for their own purposes.
Chemical warfare is the most terrifying and debilitating way to gain the advantage on your enemy or adversary. The use of chemical warfare dates back to World War I; although it is believed that Spartan and Greek armies used a type of chemical warfare dated back to 82-72 BC. Chemicals were used in combat during World War I. Some of the chemicals being used were chlorine, phosgene, and mustard gas. The Chemical Warfare in World War I began as the Germans used chlorine gas, and threw it into the trenches where the troops and most of the defensive positions were located. Nearly 33% of casualties during World War I resulted from chemical warfare. Only 25% percent were fatalities. At the end of World War I, the casualties resulting from chemical attacks multiplied to a devastating 1,240,853. A total of 91,198 died from injuries sustained from the chemical attacks (Service, 1953). Doctors had no cure or remedy this early in time. Throughout this informative research paper, in this history of I will be breaking down the history and origins of chemical warfare. The history of chemical warfare has changed the world. Our fears of chemical attacks in the future have increased and will continue to get worse.
20 interesting facts about life in the middle ages. Until towns were established people lived in manors a manor was a mansion owned by a noble with a town and farmlands around it, the noble would provide protection and an area to live in exchange for food goods and other things from the locals. Three groups were established there was clergy which consisted of priests and popes there were the nobles who were rich people. And there were the commoners who were people who were farmers and shop owners. Towns had walls around them to protected the locals from villagers Store owners in the middle ages lived above there shop As more people moved into medieval cities fire was always a worry because people had wooden houses with roofs made of straw.