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Erikson’s theory related to adulthood
Erikson's theory of adulthood
Erikson's theory of adulthood
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Development at middle age is affected by physical, emotional, cognitive and social transitions. Jeff is a 50 year old man that has transitioned from young adulthood to now a middle aged adult. Jeff had issues with his weight when he was younger and now he has acquired obesity, high blood pressure and type II diabetes, all of which can cause significant changes in his health (Argosy Course Notes, 2015). Jeff is also now the CEO of a small company that he built from the ground up, which in turn causes much stress for Jeff and his family. His two daughters attend school, one is in college and the other is a senior in high school. Jeff has also found a suitable mate and they live comfortably on the salary that Jeff brings in. However, Jeff’s physical health is on a decline and he must get a control on the high blood pressure and the diabetes or it may kill him. Jeff’s socioeconomic status has got him far in life, being the CEO of a small company has helped him to be financially stable enough to raise his family. However if Jeff did not have that position things may be different for him. Depending on the kind of work that he did, if he did not own his own business Jeff would most likely have a job that he did not like and that means that he would have issues …show more content…
The life stages are close in nature, however, in Erikson theory the first stage in middle age is about reflection and how a person can help others, leaving behind a legacy of some sort, and in Levinson’s theory the first stage is how one was young and now they are old. In both theories there are questions and reflections upon one’s life and all that one has had to overcome and how much one has done with their life. The midlife crisis is dependent on lifestyle choices, emotional aspects, conscientiousness, and conflict communication styles (Minnesota State University,
From that quote, I feel like Emanuel feels like his aging will be too big of a burden that he does not want his family to have. His thoughts reflect on the Rowe and Kahn model of successful aging. The Rowe and Kahn model of successful aging considers successful aging demonstrating little or no loss in a constellation of “physiologic functions” and who therefore “would be regarded as more broadly successful in physiologic terms.” As long as Emanuel is physically and mentally there at the age of 75 he will be content. Family is still very important in his life, as he brings up his family throughout the article.
Erikson’s theory, developed in 1963, supports the idea that early life experiences impact an individual across their lifespan. This theory considers that the growth of an individual is a result of interaction with the environment, biological maturation and societal influences, therefore, allowing for experiences from early life, to influence an individual throughout their lifespan (White, Hayes, and Livesey, 2009). Erikson’s theory focuses on eight different developmental stages within a lifespan and in order to progress from one stage to another, an individual must overcome a potential crisis of two opposing forces at each stage. There are two types of resolution of each stage, successful and unsuccessful. If an individual is
Erikson believed that people develop in psychosocial stages. He emphasized developmental change throughout the human life span. In Erikson's theory, eight stages of development result as we go through the life span. Each stage consists of a crisis that must be faced. According to Erikson, this crisis is not a catastrophe but a turning point. The more an individual resolves the crises successfully, the healthier development will be.
In transitioning into later adulthood, being in the midlife of one’s life, there can be the crisis one may face and might begin to act abnormal to how they would act before. It can be described as a “midlife crisis.” According to Daniel Levinson, the ages between 40-45 is considered the mid-life transition phase, which can also be considered a crisis period (Levinson 1978, p.21) There are numerous people who in their forties suffer from issues of the structure of their life and might be struggling transitioning from their “peak,” or so they think. Levinson specifically focused on the transitional period in a man’s life where he might be having issues transitioning in now that during this age, a man has more burdens to bear, possibly more responsibility
According to the one and only, Erik Erikson, there are 8 stages development throughout our life (Douglas P. Crowne, 2009). Although they are presented as stages, Erickson explains that they are not specifically timed. Someone can go through a stage poorly, have psychological trouble with themselves at the next stage and come back to work on what wasn’t worked on in the previous stage (Crowne, 2009). According the Erikson’s theory, successful completion of the stages leads to a happy, healthy, secure value in themselves and their life (Crowne, 2009). Phil Connors is quite the opposite of a successful completion of Erikson’s stages of development. The movie Groundhog Day is a good example of a man who has yet to successfully complete his stages of development. Groundhog Day is about a middle-aged weather newscaster named Phil Connors that is sent to Punxsutawney, Pennsylvania to cast the famous groundhog (Albert & Ramis, 1993). Phil demonstrates over and over again with his sarcastic, rude remarks that he is not thrilled to be there (Albert & Ramis, 1993). The morning of Groundhog Day Phil ends up waking up on the same day over and over again (Albert & Ramis, 1993). With no choice but to go through the same day again and again Phil struggles to cope with his
The last stage of Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development, which I have no personal experience with, is the crisis between integrity and despair. Swartwood (2014, p. 86) states that at this stage individuals “struggle [with] the acceptance of impending death and the fact that our lives are primarily historical, rather than in the future.” When the elderly look back on their lives and realize that they lived their life with purpose, they are filled with a sense of integrity. On the other hand, individuals who fail to view their life in this positive light tend to fall into despair.
adult stage (age 80 plus). Levinson states "the shift from one era to the next
As human beings age, according to Erik Erikson, they go through developmental stages that help to create and transform their personalities. If needs are met and the ego is gratified, then the individual is able to move on to the next challenge. Onward they march in life and in stage until they find the end level: integrity versus despair. This has been categorized as adults 65 years and older by Erikson. Here, people are to reminisce and judge their lives in terms of merit or disappointment. Erikson himself had a lot to comb through in his later years.
Greg is a forty-one year-old man, who is retired from the military. He is in stage seven of Erikson’s psychosocial development called Generativity vs. Stagnation, which includes middle adulthood, forty to sixty-five years of age. According to Capps (2004), Erikson defines generativity as “the concern in establishing and guiding the next generation” (p. 25). This stage claims the largest stretch of time on Erikson’s chart encompassing middle adulthood. Greg has become successful throughout this stage and has a feeling of accomplishment by being active in his home and community. Stagnation represents an individual that is disconnected or uninvolved in their community because they fail to find away to contribute to society. Greg realized he was
showing that this man has come of age as a true adult, possibly due to
Middle adulthood is the generatively vs. stagnation stages in which an adult must care of others and realize that they need a family or a legacy. During this stage, people will nurture their own family or find ways to nurture others that need to be nurtured outside their immediate family. If an adult does not overcome the crisis during this stage, then they will not grow which will result in them being selfish and
I have always viewed my life in simple stages. For example, I knew I wanted to graduate high school, go to college, have a career, be in a relationship, and eventually start a family. However, I never thought of my life in the stages that Erik Erikson describes in his psychosocial theory of development. In his theory, Erikson describes eight stages of development starting in the first year of life and ending in late adulthood. These different stages attempt to explain the psychosocial obstacles we encounter at each developmental milestone, who we are most influenced by, and what internal questions we might need to answer. How people chose to confront these different obstacles can effect how healthy or unhealthy development might be.
Erik Erikson was a researcher of the Psychodynamic perspective who lived through the years 1902 to 1994. He developed a theory that dealt with the stages of human development and was referred to as a Neo-Freudian. A Neo-Freudian are those “who have revised Sigmund Freud’s theory” (Massey, 1986). His theory argued that “both society and culture challenge and shape us” (Feldman, 2011). Erik Erikson’s theory of psychological development does not specify specific ages, so the age categories can only be guessed upon. It is my personal thought that this was a smart move due to different age milestones for different cultures. The essay titled Erik Erikson: Ages, stages, and stories argues that the stages “are organized into a system of polarities that tempt us to think about psychological dynamics in a form that is more binary than Erikson intended.” Each stage has a ‘resolution’ or goal. Each stage presents a “crisis or conflict that the individual must resolve” (Feldman, 2011, p.16)
...s avoided, ensuing fear may lead to personal isolation that is conducive to feelings of depression. Generativity versus stagnation occurs during middle adulthood. He or she founds his or her career and is now occupied with the larger scope of things. He or she is productive by rearing children, producing things at work, and connecting through organizations. Without meeting these goals, he or she feels idle within society. Ego Integrity versus despair is the final stage in Erikson’s theory. When an individual reaches an elderly age, he or she begins to reduce productivity and attempts to find new meaning in retirement. This stage is when an individual reminisces about his or her own successes and perceives his or her self as successful. When observation does not bring forth feelings of accomplishment, feelings of hopelessness and defeat may result due to unmet goals
Erik Erikson developed the eight stages of life theory. Erikson’s theory focuses on the development from birth to death, social context, and interpersonal relations during each stage of life (McAdams, 2009). In the same manner, each stage of life is comprehendible in three levels, such as the body, ego, and family and culture. The eight stages of life are infancy (trust vs. mistrust), early childhood (autonomy vs. shame and doubt), childhood (initiative vs. guilt), childhood (industry vs. inferiority), adolescence and young adulthood (identity vs. role confusion), young adulthood (intimacy vs. isolation), mature adulthood (generativity vs. stagnation (or self-absorption)), and old age (ego integrity vs. despair).