“Leonilla, Princess of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Sayn”
By Franz Xaver Winterhalter, 1843
Franz Xaver Winterhalter was born of peasant stock, in Mensenschwad, a small village in Germany’s Black Forest. His early training, as an apprentice in a studio in Freiburg, began when he was thirteen. He learned engraving and he supported himself as a lithographer, while he studied painting in Munich (nga, par.1). Even though he is known to be an academic painter, this seems to be a contradiction, as Webster’s Dictionary states that an academic painter followed rules and conventions, while a painter from the Romantic Movement broke away from convention and painted more by feeling and freedom of form, which is what Winterhalter did.
According to Britannica Biography Collection on EBSCOhost, Winterhalter was hired as the drawing master to the Grand Duchess of Baden in 1828, which first entered him into court circles. Around 1835 he went to Paris and was appointed as court painter, first to King Louis-Philippe, and then to Napoleon III, where he painted portraits of the royal families and leading members of the court. In Franz Xaver Winterhalter and the Courts of Europe 1830-70, Richard Ormond says, “No portrait painter has ever enjoyed such extensive Royal patronage as Winterhalter.” During his career, he painted the royal families of Belgium, France, England, and most of Europe’s leading aristocracy.
His first trip to England to paint Queen Victoria was in 1842. He returned several times to paint the growing royal family, doing at least 120 works for them (abcgallery, par.1). One of these, a private painting commissioned by Queen Victoria, was to be given to Prince Albert as a birthday present. She wanted her pure femininity to show through in this picture, so she was depicted in common clothing, with a sultry look, lounging against a red pillow, with her hair loose and no reference to her royal position. The prince reportedly loved the “secret painting”, which is now in the royal collection in Windsor (abcgallery, par. 4).
Although Winterhalter never received high praise from serious critics, his portraits were prized for their subtle intimacy. His popularity among royal and aristocratic patrons came from his ability to create the image his sitters wanted to project. According to Ormond, “He breathed life into the tired and debased conventions of Royal imagery”(51).
One of his many royal patrons was Princess Leonilla of Russia. She was married to Prince Ludwig Adolf Friedrich, and very active in fashionable Parisian circles.
According to Shearer West, a portrait is “a work of art that represents a unique individual”. West elaborates on the implications of this definition of a portrait, introducing the dilemma of the painter, who may strive to illustrate either or both the ideal figure, or a likeness of the sitter. Jean Germain Drouais’ resolution to such a dilemma can be observed in the painting, Madame de Pompadour at her Tambour Frame, as he struggles to portray both the femininity of the ideal woman in the 1760s, while conveying the more present, aged and unique characteristics of the lady that captured King Louis XV’s heart.
Elisabeth Vigée-Lebrun was one of the most successful painters of her time. Over the course of her life, spanning from 1755-1842, she painted over 900 works. She enjoyed painting self portraits, completing almost 40 throughout her career, in the style of artists she admired such as Peter Paul Rubens (Montfort). However, the majority of her paintings were beautiful, colorful, idealized likenesses of the aristocrats of her time, the most well known of these being the Queen of France Marie Antoinette, whom she painted from 1779-1789. Not only was Elisabeth Vigée-Lebrun the Queen’s portrait painter for ten years, but she also became her close, personal friend. She saw only the luxurious, carefree, colorful, and fabulous lifestyle the aristocracy lived in, rather than the poverty and suffrage much of the rest of the country was going through. Elisabeth kept the ideals of the aristocracy she saw through Marie Antoinette throughout her life, painting a picture of them that she believed to be practically perfect. Elisabeth Vigée-Lebrun’s relationship with Marie Antoinette affected her social standing, politics, painting style, and career.
Her very warm outfit gives the picture a sense of emotion that can affect the audience outlook of the perfume on oneself. The lighting filter emphasizes shades shown by the product notifying that this is the best a woman can receive. The lighting looks to be coming from the sun angled downward on the woman and, the field of flowers colors’ blends in to give the flowers a more delicate look as women would look at them. The flowers’ colors have similar warmth matching the lighting. If the colors were to be an off color not matching the lighting, the photo would lose its focus of the warm tone the advertisement is bringing because of the different tone the color brings. The lighting on to the flowers causes the flowers to pop out more than other items due to the slight color difference; this pop out affection connects to the perfume name “poppy.” The lighting makes her stand out, making her the overall focus. The audience grabs an idea of how the flowers smell and wants to be involved in the peace that her body language portrays. The woman when wearing this perfume receives that power but still have a gentle image. The lighting being her power, which causes her to stand out, gives the audience a reason to receive the strong light in their life also. Women are expected to be loving and peaceful people to maintain an image for society, but also wants to have a powerful structure, however it’s hard to not be perceived as overly dominate woman living up to myths , that a good life consists of buying possessions and our body is not good enough toward
To complement her dignified demeanour, La Bella wears an amazingly intricate and extravagant blue gown. For a period when women were without a public voice and remained dependant on signs of visual identity such as clothing and jewellery, such a display of finery implies significant wealth and social status. Considering the seductive rendering of the fabric utilising costly lapis lazuli, it is clear Titian desired to present an image of ultimate feminine loveliness.
In the beginning, America had loose border patrol and almost anyone could come into the United States if need be. Many immigrants took advantage and came to America because they wanted to have freedoms and had high hopes of finding a
Best selling author of Eat This, Not That, David Zinczenko’s article “Don’t Blame the Eater,” blames the fast food industry for the growing rate of obesity in the United States. Zinczenko’s main idea is that fast food companies should have warning labels on all the food they supply. Zinczenko believes that since health labels are put on tobacco and preserved food product, fast food industries should put labels on today’s fast food. Discussions about the availability of fast food compared to healthier alternative were brought up as well. Zinczenko states that when looked at, a salad from a fast food restaurant could add up to half of someone’s daily calories (155). He believes that because of fast food, Americans are having more health risks, which includes an insane rise in diabetes. Some agree with Zinczenko saying fast food companies should be the ones responsible to show people the truth about their foods. On the other hand Radley Balko, a columnist for FoxNews.com, states that fast-food consumption ...
...d up in the woman’s clothing and jewelry, to put the woman’s beauty on the pedestal.
After arriving in 1792 he studied composition and counterpoint under Haydn, Schenk, Salieri and Albrechtsberger. At the same time, he tried to establish himself as pianist and composer. His good relations with the towns aristocracy soon led to a secured income. In 1809, with the sole condition that he stayed in Vienna, Prince Kinsky, Prince Lobkowitz and Archduke Rudolp even guaranteed Beethoven a yearly income. B...
This shows Goethe's influence on general public based upon his movements and experiences that caught the attention of many of the elite. Those looking in on Goethe’s conduct, such as the king of Baravia, hoped to gain such wisdom for himself and his people. I reason that King Ludwig of Baravia purchased the Medusa sculpture in order to proclaim his citizens as distinctly enlightened because of their relativity to the artistic piece. Thus, King Ludwig began to emphasize a focus on visual arts for self-understanding and Grand Tours to gain hands-on education as well as economic status. Therefore, Munich became an important center for visual arts and painting because of the self-identification that was only believed to be found in
This exhibition will examine the changing role of Classical imagery from seventeenth through nineteenth century painting, as well explain how these changes gradually produced Realism. In the seventeenth century Nicholas Poussin and Peter Paul Rubens produced works that corresponded with the Classicism of the French Academie des Beaux-Arts, though they presented these ancient subjects in very different ways. The predominance of drawing and planning in Poussin’s work was seen in contrast with the dynamic use of colour in the works of Rubens. These two means of addressing Classical themes ideologically divided the Academie between the rubenistes and the poussinistes, who quarreled for over a century about artistic approaches and techniques. The innovative and expressive works produced in the eighteenth century and beyond can be seen as a product of the rubenistes’ triumph in this conflict. Following in the example of Rubens, British artist Joshua Reynolds made use of colour and dynamic compositional techniques that combined the portraiture popular in England with the Grand Manner style that gained favour in the Academie. Reynolds became the first president of the Royal Academy in Britain and gained international acclaim for his work. The achievement of such an honour fared more difficult for artists such as Eugène Delacroix, who took a bolder approach to combining Classical imagery with reality and was frequently rejected by the Academie for doing so. This was also the case for Edourad Manet, whose scandalous work shocked viewers of the Salon des Refusés with its perceived immorality and distasteful appropriation of Classical imagery.
So you are buying a new car and you ask yourself, Manual or Automatic? So choose. I told you the pros and cons on automatics and manuals. I told you which kind I like best. And even threw an opinion from another source. But in the end the choice is all yours. I can not tell you what kind of car to drive. What kind of transmission to get. Or even how to drive it, that is your prerogative. All I can tell you is that if you want some excitement in your ride, and do not want to spend a lot of money in the maintenance of you car, your best choice is a manual transmission. Even though manual transmissions are "it", for lack of a better word, in the end, it all comes down to the individual's preference
In Sophie's World, Jostein Gaarder teaches philosophy and it explains basic philosophical ideas better than any other reading book or textbook that I have ever read. The many philosophical lessons of the diversified thinkers of their own time were dexterously understood. The author has a wonderful knack for finding the heart of a concept and placing it on display. For example, he metamorphoses Democritus' atoms into Lego bricks and in a stroke makes the classical conception of the atom dexterously attainable. He relates all the abstract concepts about the world and what is real with straightforward everyday things that everyone can relate to which makes this whole philosophy course manageable. ''The best way of approaching philosophy is to ask a few philosophical questions: How was the world created? Is there any will or meaning behind what happens? Is there a life after death? How can we answer these questions? And most important, how ought we to live?'' (Gaarder, Jostein 15).
Duvall’s Family Development and Life Cycle Theory states that families follow a predictive and individual process of development that is dependent on the family’s circumstances and interactions. Though families today are more diverse than in the past, this theory still guides nursing approaches because it examines families’ experiences and how they adapt when becoming parents (Rowe Kaakinen, Padgett Coehlo, Steele, and Tabacco, 2015). In this discussion, I will choose one of the development tasks from Duvall’s theory and discuss how I would apply it to a family in my nursing practice.
Motivation is the force that makes us do things, whether accomplishing personal goals or completing tasks at work. Most people are motivated as a result of their individual needs being satisfied, which gives them the inspiration to perform specific behaviors for which they receive rewards (Kinicki & Williams, 2011). These needs vary from person to person, as everybody has specific needs to be satisfied. When we consider factors that determine the motivation of employees, many of us think of a high salary. This answer is correct for the reason that some employees will be motivated by money, but mostly wrong for the reason that it does not satisfy other needs to a lasting degree (Bizhelp24, 2010). This supports the idea that human motivation is a personal characteristic and not a one-size-fits-all option. Managers will achieve a better rate of motivation in their employees by identifying the key factors that determine the rate of motivation. These factors are linked directly to the employees’ individual needs, behavior, and attitudes.
Before it can be gone into detail about how fast food companies are to blame for people over eating their food, it first must be proven that fast food is indeed the main problem causing today's obesity in America. It is known to many people how the number of fast food restaurants in America has increased tremendously over the past several decades, but it is difficult to calculate by how much due to the lack of historic statistics. Also, it is difficult whether or not to categorize certain restaurants as fast food. Although, a good way to get a feel on the growth of the fast food industry is to take a look at McDonald's, which has been America's most popular fast food chain for decades. In 1968 McDonald's open its 1,000th American restaurant. This number has increased to 13,800 restaurants in 2011 (McDonald’s 1), which really shows how much more fast food people are consuming compared to the past. Consider th...