Learning Styles Annotated Bibliography with Additional Resources Chris D. Ceary Stevenson University Annotated Bibliography Alghasham, A. A. (2012). Effects of students learning styles on classroom performance in problem-based learning. Medical Teacher 34 (Suppl. 1), S1 4-9. doi: 10.3109/0142159X.2012.656744 The researchers examined a practical application of Felder’s learning style theory, which explores the varying ways learners take in and handle information. The styles are based on different arrangements of conflicting dimensions. The specific dimension examined in the study were whether the learner was primarily reflective or primarily active. They utilized a method known as Problem Based Learning (PBL), which is focused on In this article they explain the concepts and past research involved in their theory. According to their theory, learning is based on the students’ progress and not on the outcomes, which takes into consideration how far a student comes from and not just whether they are measuring up to a set standard. Additionally, based on this perspective, learning is holistic and all-encompassing of the individual, based on replacing faulty logic, and something that must be built. The concept of the process was specifically where Kolb and Kolb’s learning styles develop. According to this theory, learning begins with the concrete experience that is essentially what can be empirically discerned, moves to reflective thought to bring what is observed together, then ideas are created based on these two processes, then the learner begins testing these ideas on the real world, and eventually the cycle begins again. The learning styles are derived from this process. A truly balanced learner focuses on the whole process, but the other learning styles are based on varying degrees of focus on two or three aspects of the process only. The theorists went on to examine the research to date. Many studies have been conducted examining this form of learning styles with mixed According to this hypothesis, a student with preference for a particular learning style should demonstrate increased learning from material that aligns with the style. The current study used the Dunn and Dunn learning styles which categorically clarifies learners as either auditory (primarily learning through listening), visual (primarily learning based on what one can see), kinesthetic (learning through touch). The researchers used a sample of participants at the same education level and split them into either auditory or visual learning groups using a survey designed to assess preference. These participants were then part of two experiments. The first experiment examined participants’ understanding of verbal material. All participants were given assessments in both ability to learn from visually reading and from listening to the material. The second study used electronic and audio versions of a book to assess if learning styles relate to understanding and retention. Their findings did not support the meshing hypothesis or Dunn and Dunn’s learning styles. Learners did not demonstrate more skill when tested with their style or when given material based on their style. In fact, participants classified as visual learners performed better overall. This may have been caused by assessment methods of ability being written not auditory; however, this led the
And there is a four-type definition of learning styles: 1. Accommodators (CE/AE) 2. Divergers (CE/RO) 3. Assimilators (AC/RO) 4. Convergers (AC/AE)
The Learning Styles. What's Your Learning Style?
Learning is defined as a permanent change in attitude or behaviour that occurs as a result of repeated experience (Sims & Sims, 1995). Understanding one’s learning style has many advantages as it can help one to identify the learning method or activities that can help to optimise the learning experience. It has been suggested that the importance of one’s learning style has been identified through studies and research on how one can maximise the potential for success and further learning development (Honey & Mumford, 2006). Learning styles are unique to each individual and are developed in childhood (Chase, 2001). We all have different personalities; therefore we all have preferred learning styles that suit us best. The way one learns depends on preference. Some learn by observing, listening and imitating others and draw conclusions from their experience. There are several factors that affect our learning style; for example, background, culture, religion and environment can have a major influence on one’s learning.
Pritchard, A. (2008). Ways of learning: Learning theories and learning styles in the classroom. New York, NY: Taylor & Francis e-Library.
Learning styles are how individuals approach learning new concepts based on their strengths, weaknesses, and preferences. Acquiring and being aware of your learning styles is beneficial to accurately processing information that could be used for intellectual growth. Furthermore, learning styles are a part of how humans function and receive information from their world, so not being properly informed about this concept could bloom confusion, dysfunction, and chaos in society. Each learning style has a different goal and approach in interpreting information based on each individual’s abilities and should be regarded as being such. Nonetheless, it is a complex system that is produced to simplify and make sense of our world. Read/write was the
A learning style is a way that a person adapts to learn a task. Learning styles were not used until the 1970’s. To evaluate a student’s learning style, several models, assessments and exams are used for interpretation. There are two types of students who use more than one learning style. There are some who use the learning style according to the situation. Others adapt different styles to process the information by different means .Though it takes them longer to put together information or prepare the subject, their knowledge become more thorough and they tend to have better understanding of the subject. According to VARK my learning
Anderson (2011) suggests that a dual learning style has an important role in the development of skills. Using learning styles allows the student to understand how they work best and what their preferred learning style is. However learning style theories have been criticised extensively by many, there are many educational psychologists who believe that there is little evidence for efficacy of most learning styles models. According to Greenfield (2007) the practice is “nonsense” from a neuroscientist point of view. Furthermore Henry (2007) believes “Humans have evolved to build a picture of the world through our senses working in unison, exploiting the immense interconnectivity that exists in the brain” (Henry, 2007).The foundation of being a good mentor is building a good working relationship with the student (Walsh, 2014). The student – mentor relationship is crucial to the students learning throughout the placement (Wilkes, 2006). All mentors when working with students must have effective professional and inter-professional working relationships which will enable and enhance to support the learning for students. Part of the skills required maintaining the relationship with students and the multi professional team include; being organised, prioritising, providing ongoing support and constructive feedback and being able to liaise with other
To determine the best way I learn, I carried out two different learning styles questionnaires online. One may find that they are not always categorised in a specific type rather they may have more than one learning preference. Firstly, the most commonly used Neil Fleming’s VARK model. Fleming believes that there are four different types of learner: Visual, Auditory, Reading/writing and Kinesthetic learners. The second model I tried out was Soloman-Felder Learning Styles and Strategies.
“A learning style is a way of learning and refers to the way that you learn new information” (2). Most people have one preferred learning style and perform to a lesser standard when learning in a different style than what they’re used to. Nowadays, children are told to take a quiz in school to determine what their preferred learning style is, but after a few years, not many of these children remember what their preferred learning style is, or even if they do, they don’t apply it to their learning.
Hawk, T. F., & Shah, A. J. (2007). Using learning style instruments to enhance student learning. Decision Sciences Journal of Innovative Education, 5(1), 1-19.
The learning styles of Honey and Mumford was based on the model of Kolb which identifies four distinct learning styles:
Leaning style is a means of 'grasping the experience', which explain our approach to it, and choose a way to 'transform the experience' into meaningful way which defines our emotional reaction to the experience. Our learning style is a result of two choice decisions: how to approach a task - i.e., 'grasping experience' - longing to watch or do and emotional response to the experience - i.e., 'transforming experience' - to think or feel. KOLB'S LEARNING STYLES - MATRIX VIEW Kolb's learning styles is articulated in terms of a two-by-two matrix. The diagram highlights Kolb's terminology for the four learning styles; diverging, assimilating, and converging, accommodating: Doing(Active Experimentation- AE) Watching(reflective observation-RO) Feeling(Concrete
Michalski 1 proposes that this theory assumes that learning is a goal-guided process of modifying the learner's knowledge by exploring the learner's experience. This process he...
Everyone has different learning styles. Learning styles are important because they help you better understand materials in classes. They are there to guide you and become a better student. Learning styles help you better grasp the material and better process it through your brain. When learning you want to do what is most beneficial for you. That is why there is many different learning styles to suit every person. There is three different types of learning styles categorized. The first learning style is auditory. Auditory is meant for individuals that enjoy asking questions, talking and listening, as well as like to read out loud. Visual learners are more interested in charts, graphs, neat surroundings, seeing rather than hearing, and are pictured to be timid as they read to themselves rather than out loud. Finally there is the kinesthetic learning style. Kinesthetic is to touch, to feel, and usually learn by doing.
Thought out our lives, we are faced with many different learning experiences. Some of these experiences have made a better impact than others. This can be attributed to everyone’s different multiple intelligences or learning styles. A persons learning style is the method though which they gain information about their environment. As a teacher, it is our responsibility to know these styles, so we can reach each of our students and use all of the necessary methods.