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Learning disability research paper
Learning disabilities example
Literature review subjects learning disabilities
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Rachel is a sixth grader with specific learning disabilities, lately she has not been completing her homework, receiving low grades on tests, and is not passing any of her classes. She has no drive or determination to do well in her classes. Students with learning disabilities like Rachel has usually have average or better intelligence, though have trouble in processing information that affect their learning. According to (Walcot-Gayda, Ph. D., 11/02/ 2001). Learning disabilities refer “to a number of disorders which may affect the acquisition, organization, retention, understanding or use of verbal or nonverbal information. A learning disability can be identified by consistent low grades and under achievement like Rachel exhibits in school. …show more content…
They don’t change what your child is learning. They change how your child is learning. It’s a way to make sure your child’s learning and attention issues don’t get in the way of showing what he knows. (By The Understood Team, 05/ 27/ 2014). Accommodations should match with the individual deficits of the student. For example, accommodations may include changes to how much time a child has to complete a task, or being allowed to take breaks like providing extra time on tests for a child or a change in the environment where a child works. For example, a child can take a test in a separate room with fewer distractions, or in smaller group. Accommodations are given to even the playing field, and give the child a chance to be successful in general education.
In addition, a student needs assistive technology as a vital component that is part of accommodation. Assistive technology makes learning for the student easer and helps with learning. Assistive technologies can range from computer programs that read the literature to the child like Kurzweil, to simple tools like spell correction. The student can have his or her unique needs met and they will have more independence with their learning
In the video presentation of How Difficult Can This Be? The F.A.T. City Workshop, Richard Lavoie is able to simulate several of the difficulties that a student with a learning disability has to face at school. Some of the difficulties experienced by the students are intrinsic to the disability itself, but many other difficulties are directly related with the emotions that the student experiences when attending a class, and as a result of his or her interactions with teachers and classmates. Both the United States law and the education system, have the opportunity to make a huge difference in the learning experience of every student with disability. Students with disabilities need to be guided to a path to education that is both feasible and accessible for them; with achievable goals, and by being provided what they need in order to succeed, and to be able to overcome any obstacles.
In chapter four the focus switches away from assistive technology supporting students in one content area and focuses on the teaching profession and how assistive technology can assist teachers to employ a universal design for learning. The Universal Design for Learning (UDL) promote learning that best for the student and promoting students a variety of methods to express their knowledge.
Accommodations are testing changes or alterations for people with disabilities in educational settings (APA Task Force, 2017). Accommodations change the content or format of the test, to accommodate someone with a disability who would not be able to complete the measure of a normal test, but the construct being measured does not change (APA Task Force, 2017). Per the APA Task Force, “For some tests, the validity of unaccommodated results may be lower than accommodated results if the person with disability requires accommodations and they can be provided without fundamentally altering what is tested” (2017, Guideline 15). This means that tests without accommodations for specific disabilities, would be less valid then tests that accommodate those specific disabilities (APA Task Force,
Elizabeth is a first-grader who has an intellectual disability called mental retardation; Elizabeth’s school has in place an IEP that includes her going to the special education room; where she receives highly structured reading instruction from Ms. Hackman, her special education teacher. In order to meet her least restrictive environment, Elizabeth is placed in a first grade class that is an inclusive classroom, which means that she has access to the general education curriculum as evidenced by her spending the majority of the school day in Ms. Clark’s general education classroom. She is provided assistance in her development in her speech because she is unable to talk in complete sentences; so she does receive related services including a
Cognitive disorders can seriously affect those who are afflicted with them. You cannot be discriminated against because of your cognitive disorder, as they are protected under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). But, the ADA does not specifically define what it considers to be a cognitive disability. Since different people define cognitive disabilities differently, it can be difficult to determine exactly which conditions fall into that category. The following information will help define cognitive disabilities and how they related to the the work world and disability benefits.
A learning disability is defined as any one of various conditions that interfere with an individual's ability to learn, resulting in impaired functioning in language, reasoning, or academic skills. The National Center for Learning Disabilities explains it as a neurological disorder that affects the brain’s ability to receive process, store and respond to information. Basically, among people with learning disabilities there is a noticeable gap between their level of expected achievement and their actual achievement. Doctors and professionals agree there is no way to pin-point any specific causes for learning disabilities. The NCLD says some possible causes may include heredity, problems during pregnancy or birth, head injuries or nutritional deprivation after birth, and exposure to toxic substances.
There are many “tools” that could be considered for a student who has trouble listening and understanding instructions. Sometimes, just an adjustment of where the child sits fixes the problem or eliminates the barrier. Other times, assistive technology is needed. Today, the options for assistive technology are endless. In Samanthas case there were many options of assistive technology I could provide her with to help her be successful in the classroom.
Trying to decide which college or university best suits them is challenging enough for the average student when applying to colleges. It is even more difficult for students with learning disabilities such as Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) due to their specialized concerns.
Abstract: Assistive technology is one way that individuals with learning disabilities have been able to overcome the difficulties with comprehension that they possess. This form of technology comes in many forms, ranging from low to high technology devices.
The topic of assessment alone raises many debated discussions, among teachers, and to add Special Education students into the polemical dialogue intensifies the debate. As a result, there are several alternative methods in assessing Special Education students within the learning environment. Professionals have created specifically designated techniques in helping these and all students achieve academic success.
Likewise students with learning disabilities have not been able to accomplish the level of low achieving of children that are not disabled. In the manual, Assessing Special Education Students (ASES) Van De Zande. J and Lazanes, S (2011) Explains accommodations are procedures and practices that can ensure that students, parents, and educators have a right measure of what students with disabilities can do, for them to understand well what the inclusion program is about and how it works. According with Foley, R. M. (1999) accommodations for children with special needs begin in the classroom to assure that students with special needs are engaged in based instruction
U.S. Department of Education, (2014). Welcome to the U.S. Department of Education, Office of Special Education Programs’ (OSEP’s) IDEA website. Retrieved on January 12, 2014, from U.S. Department of Education: http://idea.ed.gov/explore/home
The classroom is a diverse place where learners from all different genres of life meet. Included in these learners are those that display learning disabilities. According to the British Columbia School Superintendent’s Association, ‘learning disabilities refer to a number of conditions that might affect the acquisition, organization, retention, understanding or use of verbal or nonverbal information. These disorders affect learning in individuals who otherwise demonstrate at least average abilities essential for thinking and/or reasoning’. They also posit that ‘learning disabilities result from impairments in one or more processes related to perceiving, thinking, remembering or learning. These include, but are not limited to language processing,
Assistive technology plays an important role in the learning process for individuals with disabilities. Assistive technology is defined as "any item, piece of equipment or product system, whether acquired commercially off the shelf, modified, or customized, that is used to increase, maintain, or improve functional capabilities of individuals with disabilities." (Maushak, Kelley & Blodgett, 2001, p. 419) Assistive technology is very beneficial to individuals that have disabilities. For example, students with mental retardation benefit from extremely organized learning situations because of their limited cognitive abilities. Students who are hearing impaired, blind, or visually impaired may need differentiated pedagogical materials. More emphasis should be placed on visual materials for students with hearing impairments than for other students. Modifying instruction for all students, especially exceptional students, requires strong dependence on media, materials and technology and the right choice of these components to fit particular ends. Moreover, research has indicated that technology not only can be adapted for use with students with disabilities, but when used can enhance students' educational achievement and self-image. (Duhaney & Duhaney, 2000, p. 393) With this knowledge, there have been many new products that have been developed to help individualize programs to fit the criteria for specific disabilities. Through out this paper we will be disusing three different pieces of assistive technologies. We will be looking at Dynawrite, AlphaSmart, and Texthelp and the benefits of each program.
Accommodations will help students achieve these academic goals, which can be instructional or environmental changes that help students to successfully understand and respond to the regular curriculum. These kinds of accommodations may be a change of seating in the classroom, sitting up front during story time or allowing more time on an exam. For example, a child who may have dyslexia needs to have an additional 20 minutes on exams, or have test questions and answers read to them aloud. These are accommodations made in order for the student to have the best chance of success. A student, who does not have a learning disability, doesn’t need those accommodations and would not necessarily benefit if they were given to