Abstract: Ladakh is a high-elevation cold desert, which makes it an extraordinary extreme environment. It provides a suitable habitat some wildly adapted microbes. Due to the high elevation a person can experience freezing cold temperatures and the burning nuisance of the sun all the same time. There is an abundance of cold adapted microbes in Ladakh, some which are thought to have application as inoculants and biocontrol agents in crops not only growing at low temperatures but at high elevation as well. The remote mountains of Ladakh that are situated in the rain shadow of the Great Himalayas provide a harsh environment that includes, strong winds, high UV radiation, diurnal temperature fluctuations and sparse vegetation. These conditions favor the extensive development of biological soil crusts as well as increase the importance of the cyanobacterial community. Aside from extremely cold temperature and high elevation, there is also an abundance of hot springs in Ladakh. These hot springs provide an incredible opportunity for scientists to examine microbial diversity not only at high temperatures but at high elevation as well. Ladakh is found in the northeast of India in the Indus valley basin. It is an administrtive …show more content…
The sites were the South West region of the Tibetan Plateau and the Eastern Karakoram. Between both sites the phylogenetic diversity and composition of morphotypes was similar. The harsh environment of these Ladakh dry mountains contribute to the extensive development of biological soil crusts. These biological soil crusts carry out very important processes in the development of soil, plant colonization, and biogeochemical cycling in extreme environmental areas. The study of these results were similar to those found in the previous study which determined phylogenetic diversity of soil
Some of these landforms include the following: hummocks, or knolls, frost boils, and earth stripes. Another common area to the alpine tundra is a “bare rock covered ground” also known as fell fields, in which not only support but helps the growth of lichens. The many “microhabitats” given by these landforms provide a variety to the tundra’s landscape. As you already know, the amount of different plant species in the tundra is very small. Also, their growth level is low, “with most of the biomass concentrated in the roots”.
Tibet is located on the highest plateau (about 472,000-sq mi.) in the world at a height of 12,000 feet, in the Himalayas. India borders the country, south and west, Nepal and Bhutan, south, and China, north and east.
Heller, A. (2007). Discoveries in western Tibet and the western Himalayas essays on history, literature, archaeology and art : PIATS 2003, Tibetan studies, proceedings of the Tenth Seminar of the International Association for Tibetan Studies, Oxford, 2003. Leiden: Brill.
Microorganisms play an important role in our life: helps us to process our nourishment, break down squanders and take an interest in different life cycles. They are various and have adjusted to occupy distinctive situations including outrageous conditions, for example, hot vents under the sea to ice tops. In “Bugged” by Rinku Patel aims that we know little about microbes, however there is a big part of unknown and we should learn more about these microbes that could benefit our health wise. Therefore, the author tries to emphasize on the effect of microbes in our life while engaging the reader to see things through the advantages of microbes, the disadvantages and defining useful bacteria.
Wedged between the high wall of the Himalaya and the steamy jungles of the Indian plains, a small land-locked country Nepal is a land of snow peaks and Sherpas, yaks and yetis, monasteries and mantras, situated between India and China. Eight of the world’s ten highest mountain peaks are in Nepal, including Mount Everest. Nepal is the birthplace of Lord Buddha. And, most importantly, Nepal was never ruled by any country, never ever.
Rastogi, G. and Sani, R.K. (2011) 'Chapter 2 :Molecular Techniques to Assess Microbial Community Structure, Function, and Dynamics in the Environment', in Ahmad, I., Ahmad, F. and Pichtel, J. (ed.)Microbes and Microbial Technology. California, USA: Springer Science, pp. 29-57.
Nepal is a relatively small country, 100 miles wide by 500 miles long. The southern border is tropical with rich soils, flora and fauna; making this region of Nepal densely populated by humans (Bishop 1998:10). The mountainous region, however, is more sparsely populated. It is the Sherpa who populate these mountains, specifically the middle Himalayan range (Bishop 1998:11).
Ilavarsan died on July 4. His body was found on a culvert adjoining the railway track in Dharmapuri(Tamil Nadu) with severe and fatal injuries that the police say were due to his being hit by a train as a result of a suicide bid. His relatives, however, insist that he was murdered. The first post-mortem concluded that he had committed suicide. The family then moved the high court seeking another post-mortem.Ilavarasan’s tragic end was the result of the most dangerous and flammable mixture in India -- caste and politics. Divya and Ilavarasan studied in Dharmapuri town and they lived in neighbouring villages -- he is from Natham and her from Sellankottai.
Most of these species have contributed to shaping the impressive rock formations of the McMurdo Dry Valleys and other various surrounding mountain ridges. The simple morphology, differentiated structures and enzymes are still active at such low temperatures. Reduced life cycles shown by the fungi make them particularly suited to harsh environments. Some of the fungi are also apparently widespread to Antarctica. Endemic Antarctic fungi have evolved to respond to the double challenge of extreme cold while growing on muck, and the need to survive passage through the gut of warm-blooded animals.
Analytical classification system: this is based mainly on the morphological characteristics with a bias towards soil genetic considerations, and
Askew Kabala & Company, Inc. is a privately held middle-market investment banking firm located 30 miles south of the Los Angeles Metropolitan area. Led by a team of sophisticated and seasoned bankers, our firm’s business model places emphasis in serving the best interest of the client. We collaborate with reputable private institutional fund investors, looking to successfully diversify their portfolios by investing in domestic and international enterprises valued between $10 million to $100 million.
Expansive soils cover nearly 20% of the landmass in India and include almost the entire Decan plateau, Western Madhya Pradesh, parts of Gujurat, Andhra Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Karnataka, and Maharastra (Gopal Ranjan and Rao, 1991).
The region is not only the meeting point of China, Central Asian Republics, Pakistan and India, but also provides sea access to land locked energy rich Central Asian Republics and an alternate route to the energy starved China . The region is infact poised at the crossroads of these three great civilizations. The ancient Silk Route which passed though this region was India’s and China’s gateway to Central Asia and Europe. The region encompasses the Karakoram, Hindukush and the North West Himalayas emanating from the Pamir mass in the North Gilgit-Baltistan and boasts of twelve out of the thirty highest peaks in the worlds including the second highest peak K2 at 8611m and Nanga Parbat, the third highest peak at 8125m. These mountain ranges therefore acted as the first tier defence line of the erstwhile Indian sub-continent. The region also boasts of three of the world’s largest glaciers outside the polar region namely, the Biafo, Baltoro and Batura glaciers, which form the area of headwaters of major rivers, including the mighty
The region lies between the Karakoram mountain range on the north and the Himalayas to the south. This place is known for its unique climate and culture despite its secluded location. Ladakh is a beauty to behold, most people think it’s just a barren land in a godforsaken region. The landscapes are absolutely stunning. It is a mixture of colors of nature from the lush green pastures to the clear blue waters and white capped mountains. It is an especially great place for mountaineers as there are many mountains to
Pakistan and India both believe they have valid claims on Kashmir. If looked at logically and ethically, only Pakistan’s claim can stand up to scrutiny. Successive Pakistani leaders have referred to Kashmir as the “jugular vein” of Pakistan, a fact reported on the Indian Embassy’s Note on Kashmir. This refers to the major rivers originating in the Kashmir Valley on which Pakistan is critically dependent. India has little right on Kashmir, as each of their arguments, if not legally, is morally wrong.