Labeling Theory Essay

In the social process theory there are several concepts at play. There is labeling theory, social control theory and social learning theory. Labeling theory, as its name suggests, is the idea that continual negative labeling will only perpetuate criminal careers. Labeling theory has been disputed by sociologist for some time, arguing that it has not maintained its reliability on causation of crime. This theory has a mainly reactionary role, in “labeling” those after the fact it may foster larger involvement in criminal activity. Social control theory asserts that within all individuals lies the potential to be or become criminals. It is the mere knowledge of social norms and the social contract we live by that inhibits our violation of

When social or, more commonly, criminal problems occur with persistence, “social arena’s” are formed to examine and alleviate them as a community.

A social arena consists of a diverse group of people who collectively feel that a change is necessary. These communities are built from the desire to live harmoniously together with a similar drive toward equilibrium. When certain situations present themselves, such as, drunk driving or drug use, the community comes together to assist in returning the balance. This “bifurcated forward momentum” causes our preconscious behavior to halt and focus on the problem at hand (Gaffney 2010). The arena simultaneously allows for differences to be put aside to focus on the greater good. This may not always happen easily nor quickly. When those who hold strong to their individual identity finally accept the benefit of social change in order to keep the balance of a harmonious society a change happens. A consensus has been reached by all involved on the specific ideal that would benefit them all as a strong growing community. A “consensus reality” has been made. That social arena has allowed for the many coexisting social worlds to become a new social world (Gaffney 2010). This reality has mixed with the