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Critical analysis of how to kill a mockingbird by Harper lee
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“But in the view of the Constitution, in the eye of the law, there is in this country no superior, dominant ruling class of citizens.” (the last article fix). Our society has so much discrimination in it, yet our constitution says everyone, male or female, whatever their color, are equal. In Harper Lee’s Novel, To Kill a Mockingbird, three children, Scout Jem, and Dill, live life in Maycomb County, Alabama, noticing every detail. They know everyone in town, and everyone knows them. When Tom Robinson allegedly rapes Mayella Ewell, the town uproars. Scout, Jem, and Dill witness the trail and racism is obviously major part in decision making by the jury. The children are forced to know about discrimination by their environment, their father, and …show more content…
Jem sees and learns when Mr. Radley shoots at him, and assumes he is a negro. “‘Mr. Radley shot at a negro in his collard patch’” (Lee 54). Jem sees the assumptions made by people who are racist and he learns that these assumptions can be made in almost every situation. When Mr. Radley shoots at a ‘negro’ Jem realizes not only that he could’ve been killed, but he would’ve been killed by a racist who didn’t take the time to investigate the situation. Jem chooses ignorance when he says a sexist remark to Scout. “‘Scout, I’m tellin’ you for the last time, shut your trap or go home- I declare to the Lord you’re gettin’ more like a girl everyday!’” (Lee 51-52). Women are just as equal as men, so when Jem makes her feel awful because she doesn’t want to fit the usual image of the women, she wants to be as ‘powerful’ as men are. Scout wants to be recognized as the individual she is. An article tells us that everyone is equal. “The thin disguise of ‘equal’ accommodations… will not mislead anyone, nor atone for the wrong this day done” (last article fix). This article shows that even though we are all equal, the majority of people don’t realize the impact of inequality. Jem shows the theme knowledge versus ignorance when he chooses to learn in the situation of Mr. Radley shooting at him, and also when he makes a sexist remark. In both situations, he learns, even though he chooses ignorance in one situation. In every situation, Jem learns, even though he might not be making the best
In the novel, To Kill A Mockingbird, racism is a major theme. Atticus Finch, the narrator’s father, defends a negro, Tom Robinson, in the court of law against a white man, Bob Ewell. Robinson had reportedly raped a young white girl, Mayella Ewell. But according to Robinson he had gone to help Mayella, as he often did, with work around the house. As he starts helping Mayella, she tries to get Tom to kiss her and will not let him out of the house. Bob Ewell sees this and chases Tom out of the house and accuses him of raping his daughter. Atticus goes against almost everyone in Maycomb County’s opinion in defending Tom Robinson. Throughout the course of the novel, racism effects many characters such as Tom and Helen Robinson, Scout and Jem Finch, and Mayella and Bob Ewell. All these characters had there lives
While the women in Harper Lee’s novel To Kill a Mockingbird come in a variety of personalities and backgrounds, all of their lives are led by one constricting factor; their gender. Scout's upbringing as a young woman greatly contrasts that of her brother Jem. Jem is educated as a young boy growing into a man while Scout’s journey is taken as a woman. The manacle of womanhood is but a concept if one does not consider the harsh faults and inhibiting limits of men or rather the struggle for “masculinity” that men are similarly constrained. Though she is repeatedly told to have ladylike manners and to dress in more feminine way, Scout mostly denies this norm but is still able to become a young
He also starts to think more about whats right instead of thinking what others will think about his decision. For ex amble when Dill is hiding under Scout‘s bed he calls in Atticus much to his friends dismay. Jem again shows maturity when Scout is beating Walter Cunningham and Jem stops it because he know that the Cunninghams don‘t have money and therefore he cant help it that he doesn‘t have lunchmoney. Jem understands that instead of fighting him they should treat him with respect and he asks Walter to come have lunch at their house.
One of the first lessons taught in Mockingbird is the power of understanding other people’s perspectives. Initially, Scout has trouble empathizing with other people, especially her first Grade Teacher, Miss Caroline, whom Scout becomes frustrated at for not understanding Maycomb’s complex social structure. After hearing his daughter complain, Atticus tells Scout that she'll “get along a lot better with all kinds of folks [if she] considers things from [their] point of view” (39). After ‘standing in the shoes of another person’, it is much harder to be prejudiced towards that person. Indeed, this may be because a key tenet of prejudice is disregarding the views of whoever is being judged. Nevertheless, it proves difficult for Scout to grasp this relatively simple concept, who begins to hear rumors of Boo Radley, an enigma who has not been seen outside his home for over 30 years. Thus begins Jem and Scout’s quest to make Boo Radley come outs...
Jem displays values like compassion and tolerance by believing that all men are created equal no matter which race, religion, or attitude they have. He shows this when he hears the verdict of Tom Robinson's trial. 'It was Jem's turn to cry. His face was streaked with angry tears as we made our way through the cheerful crowd. 'It ain't right,' he muttered, all the way to the corner of the square where we found Atticus'; (212). This is the first time he realizes that there was injustice in the world. He slowly matures and begins to understand that there are such thing as prejudice and racism.
Many of our society’s issues are rooted in ignorance. Those that are not open to the uniqueness of others fear people who are different from them or disagree with their opinions, as “Fear always springs from ignorance”. (Ralph Waldo Emerson) The novel, To Kill a Mockingbird, by Harper Lee, is a story about a town that is extremely prejudiced. Most people of the town believe that black people are not to be trusted, or are bad people, often because racism is taught in their town. The people's fear of others destroys some of the true “mockingbirds” in the story, Tom Robinson and Boo Radley. To Kill a Mockingbird is a great example of how ignorance and mystery create fear. The “Help”, directed by Tate Taylor, is a movie about the struggles of the
...en blacks and whites. Though, another part of Lee’s message, I feel, was to provoke the thought that maybe it’s also unfair to treat men and women differently. All humans are humans despite their differences; everyone is equal, no one is better than anyone. A character like Scout helped display these ideas, because she, even as a child, understood that segregation and discrimination were wrong. Her own refusal to gender roles helped shine some light on the inequality that women experience every day of their lives.
As a result, this dramatic and deeply moving novel takes us into the world of Jem and Scout, in a journey that teaches both the characters and the readers about lessons in life that we witness everyday and learn from, growing and maturing, day by day. The main problems that were faced in the book were of: prejudice and hate, people judging others, and the inequality between the treatment of men and women. These are problems that are faced in places by people, everyday, even today, and together we must work to overcome these problems and unite, every person equal to any other.
Gender - At the time the novel is set, women were still regarded as unequal to men. Scout learns this from:
Racism presents itself in many ways in the town of Maycomb. Some are blatant and open, but others are more insidious. One obvious way that racism presents itself is in the result of Tom Robinson’s trial. Another apparent example is the bullying Jem and Scout had to endure as a result of Atticus’s appointment as Tom Robinson’s defense attorney. A less easily discernible case is the persecution of Mr. Dolphus Raymond, who chose to live his life in close relation with the colored community.
In most countries, women only earn between 60 and 75% of men’s wages, for the same work. Sexism is still a problem in today’s society, but it has improved since Scout’s generation in “To Kill a Mockingbird.” Scout believes from an early age that girls aren’t good, and that she can avoid the judgement that comes with being a girl by not acting like one. Being a girl for Scout is less a matter of what she's born with and more a matter of what she does. Scout’s elders influence her perception of womanhood by putting preconceived sexist views in her head. In “To Kill a Mockingbird” Harper Lee shows the reader how all women are expected to act lady like and be proper through the actions of Mrs. Dubose, Jem, and Atticus.
“You just hold your head high and keep those fists down. No matter what anybody says to you, don't you let 'em get your goat. Try fightin' with your head for a change,” Actius explains to Scout (84). This piece of advice given by Atticus has food for thought. It also impacts Scout. Atticus has raised Scout by nurturing her mind and individuality without dragging her down into the social hypocrites of her community. He has taught her to have good morals. In Harper Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird, gender and age, along with Atticus and the rest of her family, both impact Scout greatly.
Another example of Jem’s maturity is exemplified when he is fulfilling his
He is stunned by the inhumanity that the jury holds to convict an innocent man. After he heard that Tom was guilty Jem broke down in tears, complaining about the unfairness of it all. Atticus explains to him that the trial was an irremediable case. In court, a white man’s word is of almost always of higher value than a black man’s word. When the two are put against each other, the white man’s word is always the one the jury chooses to trust.
Mayella, the woman defending against Robinson, comes from a low income and low educated family, making them a poor family. Yet Mayella’s word is still favored against Tom because she still holds a higher social status than Tom just because she is white. In fact, in the novel, Atticus has an important quote regarding the court system that is still true today, “In our courts, when it’s a white man’s word against a black man’s, the white man always wins.” (Lee, H. (1960). To kill a mockingbird. Philadelphia: Lippincott. pg. 251-252).