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The historical contribution of thomas jefferson
The historical contribution of thomas jefferson
The impact of Thomas Jefferson
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The Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions The Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions were authored in secret by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison in response to the repressive Alien and Sedition Acts passed in 1798. In the opinion of Jefferson and Madison, the Acts were unjust. They also represented a major victory for the Federalists. By writing the Resolutions, Jefferson and Madison spearheaded the protests of those against the Alien and Sedition Acts and those in support of stronger states’ rights. Although the Resolutions were successful in the two originating states, they did not have much success in the other states. Still, the new ideas presented in the Resolutions were almost revolutionary. Although the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions of 1798 and 1799 were not very successful, they were important because they provided necessary arguments for the supporters of greater states’ rights against the proponents of a stronger central government. The Alien and Sedition Acts played major roles in the coming about of the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions. Passed in early 1798, the Acts laid down a number of harsh restrictions on foreigners. The Alien Act stretched the minimum years for eligibility for naturalization from five years to fourteen years. It also gave the President the power to expel any alien from the country. The Sedition Act was even harsher; it gave the government the right to arrest anyone accused of seditious activities. The Sedition Act thus cracked down on many Jeffersonian newspapers which criticized the government. Of course, Jefferson criticized these Acts; he even called them “worthy of the 8th and 9th century” (2 / p.174). With these laws the Federalists were thought to be stifling the power of the Jeffersonians. Through the Alien and Sedition Acts, those in support of a stronger federal government achieved a major victory. The Acts gave new powers which were not dictated in the Constitution to both the executive and legislative branches. The Federalists were able to pass these acts with their logic based upon loose translations of the Constitution, especially the “elastic clause.” In peacetime, these Acts would not have had a chance in being passed, but the undeclared war with France had riled up Congress enough to accept these loose translations. The opponents of the Alien and Sedition Acts were led by Jefferson and Madison; in response to the Acts the Republicans launched an attack on what they believed were breaches of the Constitution. The attack on the Alien and Sedition Acts was based upon the “strict construction theory” of the Republicans.
...Sedition Acts exercise a power nowhere delegated to the Federal government...this commonwealth does declare that the said Alien and Sedition Acts are violations of the said Constitution." The resolutions nullified the laws and contributed to the rise of Republicanism and the fall of Federalism.
The Alien and Sedition Acts were not merely intended for immigrants who spoke out against the government but more to detain the growth of the Democratic - Republican Party. These four Acts coercively lessoned the likelihood of the party mounting power by eliminating its majority group; soon to be citizens. Many issues led up to the creation of the Acts. This Cause and Effect can be traced all the way back to George Washington's Presidency; a few years after the creation of the Constitutional government after the Articles of Confederation were expulsed.
Shootings at Kent State University What happened at Kent State University? This is a question that many Americans were asking following the crisis on the Kent campus. In the days preceding May 4, 1970, protests, disruption, and violence erupted on the university grounds. These acts were the students’ reaction to President Nixon’s invasion of Cambodia.
This report will explore the structure and function of skeletal muscle within the human body. There are three muscle classifications: smooth (looks smooth), cardiac (looks striated) and skeletal (looks striated). Smooth muscle is found within blood vessels, the gut and the intestines; it assists the movement of substances by contracting and relaxing, this is an involuntary effort. The heart is composed of cardiac muscle, which contracts rhythmically nonstop for the entire duration of a person’s life and again is an involuntary movement of the body. The main focus of this report is on skeletal muscle and the movement produced which is inflicted by conscious thought unless there is a potentially harmful stimulus and then reaction is due to reflex, as the body naturally wants to protect itself. Skeletal muscle is found attached to bones and when they contract and relax they produce movement, there is a specific process that the muscle fibers go through to allow this to occur.
Roxane Gay, an American feminist writer and author of “My Body is Wildly Undisciplined” writes about a reality television show of people making sacrifices to reduce their body weight. Roxane Gay is successful in persuading her audience due to the evidence and persuasive personal anecdotes. Roxane focuses on “The Biggest Loser” too much in her article. She uses many examples to explain her argument which were “The Biggest Loser” and “Weight Watchers”, and herself. Roxane understands the tension between desire and denial, between self-comfort and self-care. She only talks about the issues that may have a negative effect of these television shows to persuasive her audience to agree with her. For an example, she uses “The Biggest Loser” to confirm her opinion to explain to her audience that harming your body to feel better is not okay at all. There are other suggestions to reduce your body weight, instead of harming your body. Additional, she gives vivid description on how she felt which made a connection between the author and her audience. The summary of the overall text was satisfying because her audience had better understanding on how she
Muscle is a very specialized tissue that has both the ability to contract and the ability to conduct electrical impulses. Muscle fiber generates tension through the action of actin and myosin cross-bridge cycling. The muscle may shorten, lengthen or remain the same under tension. Skeletal muscle has an impressive ability to regenerate itself, which it does on a daily basis as well as in response to injury [1].
In 1798, when Congress passed both the Alien and Sedition Acts, it was very much constitutional. These acts were definitely in the best interest of America. America was a significantly young nation, at the time, and could not afford to create problems caused by foreigners coming to America. They did not have enough national power to sustain order if everyone was attacking the newly created laws, and many of those rebels being citizens from foreign countries, nevertheless.
Beowulf is one of the most iconic and influential heroic journeys of all time. Beowulf, son of Ecgtheow, is a Geat and like no other warrior ever seen before. He is the strongest man alive. He has the strength of thirty men in his arm alone. When Beowulf was only a boy, he had battles with his friends and swam for miles with his sword in his hand and armor on the rest of his body. When he battles Grendel's mother, it is said that Beowulf is underwater for nearly half a day. Aside from being a great warrior, he is also very smart and modest about his strength. When Beowulf arrives in Heorot, he is confronted with opposition. The king, Hrothgar allows Beowulf to fight because has known Beowulf's father, Ecgtheow, and Hrothgar saved him from
The Sedition Act essentially said that it was illegal to speak, write, or print any scandalous or malicious statements about the president. This law was seen as the most unconstitutional of the four laws passed in the Alien and Sedition Acts that were passed during the administration of President John Adams. These laws were ideally used to limit the power of any opposition to the Federalist party. In addition, Jefferson also had Congress repeal the Alien Acts which were a series of acts passed in preparation for the possibility of war with France. Jefferson also reduced the size of the military. With this reduction, Jefferson slashed the size of both the army and the navy but immediately had to rebuilt it due to the First Barbary War. He also wanted to reduce power of the Bank of US so he created state banks which would do that. Jefferson additionally removed the whiskey tax and significantly lowered or removed other taxes. The whiskey tax taxed all liquor made and sold in the US to combat the federal government's debt. This angered many farmers because they would lose money as less people will buy whiskey which is made from the corn they
The contraction of a muscle is a complex process, requiring several molecules including ATP and Cl-, and certain regulatory mechanisms [1]. Myosin is motor protein that converts chemical bond energy from ATP into mechanical energy of motion [1]. Muscle contraction is also regulated by the amount of action potentials that the muscle receives [2]. A greater number of actions potentials are required to elicit more muscles fibers to contract thus increasing the contraction strength [2]. Studied indicate that the larger motor units, which were recruited at higher threshold forces, tended to have shorter contraction times than the smaller units [3]. The aims of the experiment were to reinforce the concept that many chemicals are required for skeletal muscle contraction to occur by using the rabbit muscle (Lepus curpaeums) [2]. In addition, the experiment was an opportunity to measure the strength of contraction and to observe the number of motor units that need to be recruited to maintain a constant force as the muscles begin to fatigue [2]. Hypothetically, the rabbit muscle fiber should contract most with ATP and salt solution; and the amount of motor units involved would increase with a decreasing level of force applied until fatigue stage is reached.
I believe that these acts had revealed bitter consequences that had developed since the writing of the Constitution. The writers knew that over time it will change, but not specifically delegating powers to specific organizations; whether it is federal, state, or with the people. It had involuntarily created a major problem within the following years. Overall, the nation and government was very inexperienced, and did not know what to expect with the future. These acts had ultimately contradicted the U.S. Constitution and opened the underlying issue that was happening.
When the Alien and Sedition Acts were passed, the country was not united in the decision. As Thomas Jefferson said, “The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution are reserved to the states or to the people.” This act that was passed violated the principles of the Constitution. Therefore, the act could not be put into action.
First, let's talk about what muscles are made of. Muscles contain muscle fibers, which are the building blocks of the muscle. In turn, muscle fibers are made of muscle cells.Then,if we zoom into the muscle cells you can see myofibrils, which help the cell keep itself up and move around when it’s needed. If you zoom in even further, you can see sarcomeres, which are made up of actin and myosin, 2 proteins that make the cell move.
Silver electrodes were used to record the e.m.g of the soleus muscle and tibialis anterior, and stimulate the tibial nerve below the popliteal fossa. The use of the electrodes to stimulate the tibial whilst walking and running was found to be problematic, this is because the nerves distance from the electrode was continually changing, therefore altering the stimulus strength. This was eradicated by repetition at different intensities and use of the M-wave, allowing comparison of similar stimulus intensities through the locomotion
“The human body contains 640 different muscles” each one performing a specific function. Whole muscle contributes to “40 – 50% of our body weight” (Srivastava & Chosdol, 2007). “The muscular system consists of highly specialized cells called muscle fibers” (Srivastava & Chosdol, 2007). The features of each muscle fiber define the strength with which it contracts and the specific function it does.