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Recommended: Muscular system
The muscular system is simply fascinating for wherever you look at it. It is essentially a network of tissues that control movement of and within the body, i.e. gives movement to the human body and function to the viscera. Without the muscular system, all essential body functions may not occur. Without it, we would be a smooth and immobile pile of organs, skin and bones.
Any activity, conscious or unconscious, of our body that involves movement, strength or uniform control of a position depends on the action of the muscular system, controlled by the brain and spinal cord through a complex network of neural circuits continuously leading the commanding signals.
It is significant to mention that when we execute a movement, various muscle groups are involved in its realization. For example, an activity as routine as drinking a glass of water requires arm muscles approach the glass to the oral cavity, the throat muscles swallowing, intestinal muscle help move the liquid and the bladder muscle ejected. All of above plus muscle strain in the back, neck, head and legs that allow us to adopt an upright position, whether you are sitting or standing.
“The human body contains 640 different muscles” each one performing a specific function. Whole muscle contributes to “40 – 50% of our body weight” (Srivastava & Chosdol, 2007). “The muscular system consists of highly specialized cells called muscle fibers” (Srivastava & Chosdol, 2007). The features of each muscle fiber define the strength with which it contracts and the specific function it does.
Anatomically and functionally, muscle fiber can be divided into three types: skeletal, smooth and cardiac. Below we summarize in a table the different characteristics of each type of muscle fibe...
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...ested, varies with the specific type of disease. In this disease the muscles that become weaker are mostly voluntary muscles. The weakness is usually symmetrical, i.e. that occurs more or less equal intensity in both sides of the body. In addition, muscle wasting is progressive, that is, its intensity increases with time. The weakening is painless (painless), but sometimes cramps and stiffness are presented. In some cases, the disease is accompanied by mental retardation. “Some varieties of the disease can also affect also affect the heart, gastrointestinal system, endocrine glands, spine, eyes, brain, and other organ” (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2011).
Currently, the muscular dystrophy is incurable. Sometimes steroid therapy slows the progressive course of muscle weakness. Treatment is aimed at maintaining the overall health, mobility, and the quality of life as possible.
Every day we use our skeletal muscle to do simple task and without skeletal muscles, we will not be able to do anything. Szent-Gyorgyi (2011) muscle tissue contraction in rabbit’s muscles and discovered that ATP is a source for muscle contraction and not ADP. He proposed a mechanism to cellular respiration and was later used by Sir Hans Krebs to investigate the steps to glucose catabolism to make ATP. In this paper, I will be discussing the structure of muscle fibers and skeletal muscles, muscle contraction, biomechanics, and how glucose and fat are metabolized in the skeletal muscles.
This report will explore the structure and function of skeletal muscle within the human body. There are three muscle classifications: smooth (looks smooth), cardiac (looks striated) and skeletal (looks striated). Smooth muscle is found within blood vessels, the gut and the intestines; it assists the movement of substances by contracting and relaxing, this is an involuntary effort. The heart is composed of cardiac muscle, which contracts rhythmically nonstop for the entire duration of a person’s life and again is an involuntary movement of the body. The main focus of this report is on skeletal muscle and the movement produced which is inflicted by conscious thought unless there is a potentially harmful stimulus and then reaction is due to reflex, as the body naturally wants to protect itself. Skeletal muscle is found attached to bones and when they contract and relax they produce movement, there is a specific process that the muscle fibers go through to allow this to occur.
Muscular Dystrophy is a diverse group of disease which involves the weakness and wasting of muscles and leads to many other problems in physiological system. It is because of mutation in gene related to contraction and relaxation of muscles. Although recently no perfect treatment option is available for it but in nearby future cure of this disease will be available due to advanced technology and methods like gene therapy and stem cell technology.
They can be the shortening and lengthening of muscle fiber such as bending of biceps, and the contraction that maintain the physical stability such as sitting up or standing up. The source also further explains how the movement of skeletal muscle can be controlled. Since the skeletal muscle are attached to somatic nervous system, the movement of skeletal muscles are controlled voluntarily. The skeletal muscles consists of slow twitch and fast twitch muscle fibers. On one hand, slow twitch fiber uses energy slowly and helps the muscles to act of the long time. e.g., back muscle that helps to maintain posture for a long time. On the other hand, fast twitch muscle fibers uses the energy fast. e.g., the leg of a sprinter while jogging. The source also highlighted the cardiac and smooth muscle for being involuntarily controlled. Since cardiac and smooth muscle are attached to autonomic nervous system, they control subconscious actions such as heart beat and food digestion in
DMD also known as muscular dystrophy is muscular disease that occurs on young boys around age four to six. Muscular dystrophy is genetically transmitted disease carried from parent to offspring. This disease progressively damages or disturbs skeletal and cardiac muscle functions starting on the lower limbs. Obviously by damaging the muscle, the lower limbs and other muscles affected become very weak. This is ultimately caused by the lack dystrophin, a protein the body produces.
The skeletal system assists the muscular system to provide movement for the body. Certain muscles that are attached to bones contract and pull on the bones resulting in movement.
Although the two main proteins, actin and myosin, that make the contractile nature of muscles are the same, their arrangement coupled with other proteins subsequently causes the overall structure to differ in many respects. The main function is essentially the same in every muscle type, however as the structure varies the function and resulting contraction is different. the way they contraction occurs is different. This shows how structure is adapted to function and vice versa.
The muscular system is the set of all the muscles that make up the human body. It is an extensive system of muscles and nervous tissue, which is distributed all through the body. In total, the human body consists of approximately 650 muscles. The muscular system is divided into three types of muscle: cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, and skeletal muscle.
Muscular dystrophy is a complex disease that has been around for many years. Although it was discovered in the 1830s there is constant discoveries about the disorder. (“New knowledge about Muscular dystrophy,” 2014 May 5) There are several research studies being done around the world to help find a cure. Here’s to hoping that a cure will be found and no more lives will be taken by this debilitating disease (“Muscular Dystrophy: Hope through Research,” 16 April 2014)
As you can see by the diagram, the muscles cover the entire body as does the integumentary system. They are responsible for movement. They are attached to the bones (skeletal system) and there are nearly 700 different ones. Each is made up of the muscle tissue, blood vessels, tendons and nerves. Each has a specific purpose. For example, the leg muscles assist in moving and bending the legs. The muscles make up nearly half of a person’s total body weight.
Humans and animals are made of three specific muscles: skeletal, cardiac, and smooth. Out of the three muscles skeletal muscle is similar to nerve tissue, in which the fiber responds to a stimulus in all-or-none fashion. The all-or-none relation is necessary consequence of the three conditions in the excitable cell: a threshold, an absolute refractory period, and a conduction of the excited state over the whole structure so that it behaves as a single unit (Rosenblueth, 1935). A motor neuron is responsible for innervating the muscle, triggering it to either contract or relax. Depending on the intensity and frequency of stimulus, greater numbers of fibers are activated. Muscle contractions can be strengthened if there is an increase in the
The musculoskeletal system is comprised of bones, joints, cartilage, tendons, ligaments, fascia and muscles. Together these body parts work to establish a framework that is the musculoskeletal system. This framework is what gives the body its shape, form, and figure. It stabilizes the body as well as supplies the structural support. The musculoskeletal body features not only provide a framework for your body but allows your ability to create movement. These movements are monitored by the musculoskeletal components which then determine your degree of flexibility. Overall the amount of energy your body uses comes almost entirely from these musculoskeletal functions. Which makes sense because it
The skeletal system is composed of two hundred and six bones in the human body. Functions such as the tendons, cartilage, and ligaments connect the bones and tissues together. Bone tissues make up about 18% of the weight of the human body. There are two types of tissue inside the bones. They consist of; compact bone and spongy bone. First, compact bone depicts the main shaft of long bones in the human body such as the arms and legs. Its tissue is dense and hard and it also makes up the outer layer of most bones in our body. Meanwhile, spongy bone tissue is made up of smaller plates occupied with red bone marrow. Mostly, it is found at the ends of long bones such as the head of the femur.
The muscular system is a very important part of the human body. It has many components and functions, and is the source of the body’s movement. There are roughly 650 muscles in the human body and are different types of muscles. Muscles can either be voluntary or involuntary which means controlled or uncontrolled movement. Muscles have many reasons and in this paper you will widen your knowledge of muscles and their functions as well their diseases and how they help maintain the body.
The Skeletal System, also known as the Skeleton make up a framework that support the body and protect the organs. The Skeleton consists of the bones and joints of the body. In the human body there is 300 bones at birth, these then fuse together to make 206 bones in a fully grown adult. The Skeleton is made up of two divisions: The axial and appendicular Skeleton.