Muscles. Unless you are a bodybuilder, you overlook them almost everyday, using them to walk, eat, and do other daily activities. Even though they seem small, muscles are probably one of the only things that help keep you alive. Let’s take a trip into muscles to see what they’re made of, different types, ways they can bend and flex, and what makes them so important in your body.
First, let's talk about what muscles are made of. Muscles contain muscle fibers, which are the building blocks of the muscle. In turn, muscle fibers are made of muscle cells.Then,if we zoom into the muscle cells you can see myofibrils, which help the cell keep itself up and move around when it’s needed. If you zoom in even further, you can see sarcomeres, which are made up of actin and myosin, 2 proteins that make the cell move.
There are two different types of muscle fibers, slow twitch, and fast twitch. Slow twitch muscle fibers are used for endurance
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First, there are skeletal muscles. Also called striated or voluntary muscles, these types of muscles are the ones you think of when you say muscles. Biceps, triceps, quadriceps, abdominals, all of them are skeletal muscles. Held together to bones by tendons, the skeletal muscles are the reason that we can move (And what you think of when I say “muscles”.). They are also the only muscle that you can control yourself, hence voluntary.
Then, there are smooth muscles. Smooth muscles are also known as involuntary muscles, as you can’t control them consciously. According to teachpe.com, these muscles are found in the digestive system (Specifically the stomach and esophagus.), the lungs (bronchi), and walls of blood vessels. Smooth muscles are usually used when something needs to be moved in the body, whether it was food (Stomach and esophagus) or air (bronchi). The only exception is the blood vessels, but that’s for vasodilation, where the blood vessels get bigger to allow more blood to
Muscle fibers are cylindrical. They have a diameter around ten to one hundred micrometers and are generally a few centimeters long. Within each muscle cells, contains basal lamina of collagen and glycoproteins. Each fiber contains a structure called excitation-contraction coupling, which is used to make sure the each contractile stimulus is quickly and equally communicated throughout the muscle fiber.
Within skeletal muscle there are extremely small structures that form the muscle and allow contractions and movement to occur (epimysium, perimysium, endomysium, fascicles, fiber, sarcomere, sarcoplasmic reticulum and t tubules). These structures all play a role in protecting, connecting and transporting substances throughout the muscle fibers. They are also the main contributors to movement.
As we have learned through our reading, most all bodies skeletal muscles are made up of primarily three types of skeletal muscle fibers, but their proportion differs depending on what action the muscles is doing. For example, type I fibers such as muscles of the neck, back, and leg have a higher proportion. According to Quinn (2014), type I muscles are slower and more effective, they tend fire a lot slower than fast twitch fibers and they fatigue at a much slower rate. Hence, slower twitch fibers are pronounced at helping athletes run marathons and bicycle for hours. Shoulder and arm muscles are not always active but are intermittent in their use; these muscles tend to have a larger amount of tension for uses in throwing and lifting. These muscles have a combination of both type I and type II B fibers. These fast twitch fibers use anaerobic metabolism to create energy and are the "classic" fast twitch muscle fibers that excel at producing quick, powerful bursts of speed. These muscles are used in events such as 100m sprint, basketball, soccer and football. Since this muscle fiber fires at such a high rate of contraction it will fatigue much faster and will not last long before needing to rest.
Muscle endurance is the ability to perform a lot of repetitions against a given resistance for a long period of time. The combination of strength and endurance results in muscle endurance. Muscle endurance is used in may sports such as rowing, swimming, cycling, distance running, field hockey and American football. Normally, an endurance muscle program involves lifting about 12-25 repetitions of moderate loads. In some cases, this is inadequate for many sports such as boxing, canoeing and x-cross skiing.
Cardiac muscle is a type of involuntary muscle found only in the walls of the heart, specifically the myocardium. Cardiac muscles contract automatically to tighten the walls of the heart in a rhythmic fashion. The heart beats nonstop about 100,000 times each day. Smooth muscle is a type of involuntary muscle found within the walls of blood vessels such as in small arteries and veins. Smooth muscle is also found in the urinary bladder, uterus, male and female reproductive tracts, gastrointestinal tract, and the respiratory tract. Skeletal muscles are voluntarily controlled and are attached to bones by tendons. Skeletal muscles also vary considerably in size and shape. They range from extremely tiny strands such as in the muscle of the middle ear as large like in the muscles of the thigh. The three individual muscle types also serve five main functions. The five basic functions are movement, organ protection, pumping blood, aiding digestion, and ensuring blood flow.
The musculoskeletal system is made up of bones, muscles, cartilage, tendons, ligaments, joints and other connective tissue that supports and binds tissue and other organs together. Each muscle is a discreet organ constructed of skeletal muscle tissue, blood vessels, and nerves. Did you know there are roughly 600 organs that make up the muscular system? They include the cardiac muscles, smooth muscles, and skeletal muscles to name a few. The heart is the cardiac muscle. Smooth muscle are the tissues that line blood vessels and organs, such as the stomach and intestines. The skeletal muscles, which are the most well known and familiar of the muscle organ system, helps hold the skeletal frame work together. They make up bout 40 percent of the
Every part of our body is a science. I never imagined the hidden science in the movements of the body. The science of kinesiology is the science of body movements. I grew up watching my grandma and the changes in her body as both of us got older, I could walk and balance properly while she lost it. I always felt bad when she was not able to get up and walk properly and as caring grandson I always gave her my hand. It was a great feeling for me to take care of her in her last days. Her difficulty in moving always pointed me to do something for her and I landed doing kinesiology- the science of human movements. I completed my high school at Cathedral High School in West Texas. I was an active member of National Honor Society as well as Spanish Honor Society. I held the treasurer position for one year in the society, which I felt proud of. I was not excellent at my academics, was just an average student struggling with the subjects of chemistry and anatomy. It is strange at one point of time suddenly when u come across a certain situation or an accident and u just realize your dream and...
The contraction of a muscle is a complex process, requiring several molecules including ATP and Cl-, and certain regulatory mechanisms [1]. Myosin is motor protein that converts chemical bond energy from ATP into mechanical energy of motion [1]. Muscle contraction is also regulated by the amount of action potentials that the muscle receives [2]. A greater number of actions potentials are required to elicit more muscles fibers to contract thus increasing the contraction strength [2]. Studied indicate that the larger motor units, which were recruited at higher threshold forces, tended to have shorter contraction times than the smaller units [3]. The aims of the experiment were to reinforce the concept that many chemicals are required for skeletal muscle contraction to occur by using the rabbit muscle (Lepus curpaeums) [2]. In addition, the experiment was an opportunity to measure the strength of contraction and to observe the number of motor units that need to be recruited to maintain a constant force as the muscles begin to fatigue [2]. Hypothetically, the rabbit muscle fiber should contract most with ATP and salt solution; and the amount of motor units involved would increase with a decreasing level of force applied until fatigue stage is reached.
The sarcomere is found in structures called myofibrils which make up skeletal muscle fibres. Within the sarcomere there are various different proteins. One of the most significant, myosin is found in the thick filaments of the sarcomere. Although both cells contain myosin, it is important to highlight that smooth muscle cells contain a much lower percentage of myosin compared to skeletal muscle cells. Despite this, myosin filaments in smooth muscle cells bind to actin filaments in a manner similar to that in skeletal muscle cells; although there are some differences. For instance, myosin filaments in smooth muscle cells are saturated with myosin heads so that myosin can glide over bound actin filaments over longer distances, enabling smooth muscle cells to stretch further, whilst in skeleta...
The structure of the skeletal muscle consists of band-like-strands that can be both light and dark, these bands can be seen by using a light microscope. Skeletal muscle cells can be long as it needs to be elastic to allow movement. This muscle also has many visible nuclei located at the edges of the cells, making their cylindrical appearance more visible as you can start to see the direction things are and start constructing the shape. Although looking at cardiac muscle tissue the fibers are no longer nice long bands but they are stripped and branched. They can often look as though they are in the shape of a “Y”. This Tissue only has single central nucleus in comparison to the many nuclei that the skeletal tissue has. Cardiac muscle is found on the walls of the heart to allow it to help pump blood around the body, it also has two nervous supplies which are the brain and the autonomic nerve supply, this helps the muscle to continue to work but to never tire out (up to a certain extent of course e.g. death). However Skeletal muscle is found attached to bones and get its nervous supply from the central nervous system, this allows your brain to
I looked for more information from other resources like Online websites, Youtube and the pamphlets at my doctor's office. I came to learn that there are many functions of the muscular system that need to work together in order for the system to work properly. Such as the five major properties, five types of movements 3 types of muscles of the muscular system. Without the muscular system, we wouldn't be able to move our skeleton (bones) that is the primary reason for the muscular system is body movement. But we also need the help of the nervous system. It is important for the reading of the stimulation and responding of our nerves. Which brings us back to the 5 major properties of the muscular system, muscles are excitable or irritable and they are contractable when the muscle is
The muscular system is the set of all the muscles that make up the human body. It is an extensive system of muscles and nervous tissue, which is distributed all through the body. In total, the human body consists of approximately 650 muscles (Shier, Butler, Lewis, 2009). The muscular system is divided into three types of muscle: cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, and skeletal muscle (p.212).
There are three different types of muscles in the body, and the first to be talked about are skeletal muscles. The body consists of about 640 skeletal muscles and they just so happen to be the only voluntary or (controlled) muscles. Their main function is to contract and expand so that your bones are able to move. Most skeletal muscles are attached to bones or joints so that the muscle can either expand or contract to create motion. They consist of band like fibers attached and bundled together that run along the bone. These fibers are held together by connective tissue called epimysium, which also protects the muscle. Skeletal muscle is what makes the body able to walk and move, without these skeletal muscles the body could not function properly because it would have nothing to rely on for stabilization and strength. They contain what is called striated cells, which is cells that are shaped like bands and are individual, they stretch out the length of the muscle so that they are able to contract with it and these cells are also what give the muscle energy through respiration of proteins fats and glucose which is the energy supplement for all muscles. For example refer to figure 1-1 1-4 and1-5 for the cell
In this paper I will be explaining the concept of bodybuilding. Who is a bodybuilder? Chances are you probably know one. A bodybuilder is anyone who is making a conscious effort to make their bodies better. A bodybuilder is someone who is trying to lose fat or add muscle to their musculature. Examples of a bodybuilder could be anyone really, a mom treadmilling after work, an olympic swimmer lifting weights for greater strength, or a teenage boy lifting weights only to get a better physique; they are all bodybuilders.