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The causes and effects of the French revolution
The causes and effects of the French revolution
John Locke and his philosophies
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“¬¬” A revolution is the replacement of a government by a different one. The idea of revolution has been around since the first kingdoms were found. However, the idea was not as developed until the enlightenment. John Locke, one of the greatest philosophers of all time came up with the idea that if a government does not function properly, people can rebel and form a new government. About two hundred years after John Locke, a man named Pierre-Joseph Proudhon officially published the idea in French. This thought has been the roots to all revolutions before and after Locke’s existence. A revolution is not less than a civil war. It builds on the blood of martyrs and usually does not stop until it overthrows the old regime. The basic idea is to sacrifice one or two generations for the possibility that their sons and daughters would live in …show more content…
Sometimes, everything ends successfully and sometimes a new dictatorship rises. The basic steps of a revolution are rebellion, overthrow of the current government, and installing the new revolutionary government. An uprising is always the last option considered by wise men because in the best scenario, the new government would provide freedom and justice for people and in the worst scenario it would bring complete devastation. The success of a revolution is not always guaranteed. The only thing that would happen for sure is bloodshed. By starting an uprising, different groups with different ideas emerge and this can lead up to a civil war. About thirty-five years ago, in 1979, a massive uprising lead by Ruhollah Khomeini started in Iran. Ruhollah Khomeini rebelled against the monarchy of Iran to bring freedom for his people through
This completely changed the perception of the United States within Iran. Many Iranians believed that “American influence and power made a mockery of their national autonomy and desecrated their religious beliefs” (Farber, 37). The real struggle came once the Shah sought asylum in the U.S. Iran believed this to be a betrayal and demanded the Shah be released to the revolutionaries. Due to the fact that the United States did not refuse the Shah, the revolutionaries took the embassy in Tehran and all of the people that worked there hostage. One of the hostages wrote back to his parents during the crisis “‘We will not be set free until shah is released and the longer we stay here like this the better is a chance for something terrible to happen’” (Farber, 156). The siege was led by Iranian students who supported the revolution and the Ayatollah Khomeini, the leader that the revolution had selected to take the place of the
According to Webster’s Online Dictionary, revolution is “a sudden, radical or complete change.” During the early settlement of the British colonies, settlers became so culturally different from those in Great Britain that they already seemed to be their own country. This is what John Adams meant in saying, “What do we mean by the Revolution? The war? That was no part of the Revolution; it was only an effect and consequence of it. The Revolution was in the minds of the people… years before a drop of blood was shed at Lexington.” In fact, the revolution began years before the colonists began to feel mistreated by the British. As they arrived in the new colonies, they noticed many major differences in the society and culture of this new place. As time went on, they learned about the colonies and the society there, and eventually, they evolved their cultures and lifestyles to comply with this new society. The primary changes the colonists the colonists made were in their economic system, their lifestyle, and their freedoms. In England, the economic system was primarily industrious, while in it was agriculture. In addition, the colonists, especially those in the south, relied very heavily on slave labor for agricultural purposes. In Great Britain, however, slavery did exist, but it was not relied upon for a functional society. The final change the settlers made in the New World was religion. In Great Britain, the king forced everyone to join the Church of England and leave the Roman Catholic Church. When in the colonies, settlers could go back to whatever religion they desired, so colonial religion was extremely diverse. Therefore, three main changes or “Revolutions”
Revolution is briefly described as an attempt to overthrow a government to start a new one. The American Revolution took place between 1775 and 1783 and was a fight for American Independence from England. In 1764, the first of many “Intolerable Acts” were passed. The British Parliament began to excise tax on the American colonies without representation, sparking the great conflict. The British were continuing to incorporate new ways to make more money. England was the most powerful country at the time with an intimidating military, so this wasn’t a hard task to complete. The American Revolution was very Revolutionary because, it jump started the abolition of slavery, it brought about many political and social advances, and served as a stepping stone towards a democracy and a strong centralized government.
This paper is about John Locke who was a philosopher in the 17-century. He was an Englishmen and his ideas formed the basic concept for the government and laws, which later allowed colonist to justify revolution. I agree with what Locke is saying because everybody should be able to have their own freedom and still respect the freedom of other people. John said, “Individuals have rights, and their duties are defined in terms of protecting their own rights and respecting those of others”. This paper will present to you information about his enlightenment, personal information, and how we as people feel about his decisions.
A few years later in 1979 the Islamic revolution began, causing the Shah to flee (introduction pages one and two).
Revolutions are usually described as “radical” events. A “radical” event is defined as one that greatly changes the political, cultural, social, and/or economic nature of a society. I believe that the American Revolution was a radical event that dramatically changed our society. There were many impacts to the changes such as slavery, primogeniture, the Articles of Confederation, republican motherhood, and government. This was the time in life, that we as America gained our independence from Britain. The American Revolution is what shaped our world to become what it is today.
Throughout history, countless uprisings have occurred. Historians classify any forcible overthrow of a government or social order in favor of a new system as a revolution. The success or failure of a revolution is directly related to the revolution’s causes and courses. The French Revolution was more successful than the Nicaraguan Revolution, because the Nicaraguan Revolution left the country in social and financial ruin, foreign powers had much greater interference, and it precipitated a period of political unrest with multiple leadership changes.
Which means all people, not giving thought to any struggle in the past. A revolution is a radical and pervasive change in society and the social structure, especially one made suddenly and often accompanied by violence. As stated before, society changed, but the social structure of the society did not. When observing historical context, this can be a revolution because social structures either reverted back to the old ways then changed to an extent.
Before some people could get caught, they would often leave the country because they did not like the reign of the Shah and feel that they did not need to revolt. Some of them felt the convening in the demonstrations were not giving them the help that they needed, and their population was just decreasing as a result of it. One instance in the book was when a number of people were locked inside of a cinema from the outside, and the authorities were not doing a single thing about it. The police forbid for the citizens to try and help the people locked inside the cinema. The people charged and tried to do something about it, but they were attacked, and some were even murdered. It is only assumed that the police were the ones who locked them inside the cinema. Parts of the police force were revolutionaries. This is a major problem because the only thought of bringing justice to the ...
In protest, they turned to the Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, a radical cleric whose revolutionary Islamist movement seemed to promise a break from the past and a turn toward greater autonomy for the Iranian people. In July 1979, the revolutionaries forced the Shah to disband his government and flee to Egypt. The Ayatollah installed a militant Islamist government in its place. in October 1979 President Carter agreed to allow the exiled leader to enter the U.S. for treatment of an advanced malignant lymphoma. His decision was humanitarian, not political; nevertheless, as one American later noted, it was like throwing “a burning branch into a bucket of kerosene.” Anti-American sentiment in Iran
When a government violates the rights and fails to protect its citizens, it is the people’s right to instigate a revolution to revise the government as they see fit. Revolutions especially in the case of complete and utter corruption when leaders of the government are bought by coin and allow injustice to happen, it is the people who must respond and bring the wrongdoers to justice. When a government overreaches its authority and violates its citizen’s rights, the people must rise against tyranny and injustice around them, in doing this they begin the struggle for change in their world. However, in all revolutions the methods and reasons are different. Some fight economic class abuse, some fight government overreach, and others racial prejudice. Three excellent examples of these revolutions are the French Revolution, the American Revolution, and the Civil Rights Movement. By observing these three revolutions, one can see how revolutions make a difference.
The age of the Enlightenment was a rejuvenation of European politics and philosophy. Due to these changes, many great thinkers, such as John Locke and Adam Smith, brought about many changes in European society. John Locke is primarily known for his work, An Essay Concerning Human Understanding, which reasons that all humans are equal in intelligence at birth, having a blank tablet called the tabula rasa. Locke displays that humans gain knowledge through experiences, therefore proving that all people in a society need an education to keep a fair society. Locke also wrote that any individual, regardless of social status, should be guaranteed the rights to life, liberty, and property. He represents Enlightenment reforms because his ideas,
...he position of authority was vacated, the prime minister, Shapour Bakhtiar, had to temporarily assume the role of leadership in the country. Unfortunately, the state of Iran was so tumultuous that he could not maintain control. Due to the political and social turmoil of Iran, Ayatollah Khomeini was able to return to the country in February of 1979. The prime minister could no longer handle his position and went into hiding, eventually leaving Iran. Now that the country lacked a formal government, the opponents of the Shah were able to start executions against the Shah’s supporters. Ayatollah Khomeini then held a vote to determine whether or not Iran should be an Islamic Republic. The people voted in favor. Ayatollah Khomeini became the religious leader of the new Iran and instituted the radical changes of the Iranian Revolution, also known as the Islamic Revolution.
The Tunisian Revolution, for example, resulted in the successful ousting of Tunisian President Zine al-Abidine Ben Ali and his oppressive regime, which then galvanized many Egyptians to seek independence from their own authoritarian government with deplorable characteristics of its own (Zayed par. 12). Seeing that many of the Tunisian complaints were identical to their own, residents of Suez, Egypt, grew increasingly critical of their government’s faults, such as the 10.4% unemployment rate, widespread governmental corruption, and excessive use of police torture, and refused to remain compliant to state demands (Dziadosz par. 5). This developing sense of defiance towards the government spread throughout the entire country, as many young Egyptians began affiliating themselves with one prominent Tunisian protest group in the Tunisian Revolution - April 6 Youth Movement - in hopes of commencing their own revolution. And, with the help of the group on January 25, 2011, Egyptians around their country gathered in Cairo’s Tahrir Square for what would be the revolution’s largest protest (Kirkpatrick 2). While many internal issues ignited the nation’s sense of revolution, the Tunisian Revolution influenced many of its neighbor’s citizens to seek the same goal of achieving true democracy and
The shah used Iran’s wealth to “engage in social engineering, consolidate his power, and expand the state’s intrusion into the lives of its citizenry.” The policies the shah was implementing alienated many of the citizens he ruled. This upset many in the country, and the result was the Iranian Revolution. The people than led a war against the state. In the end, the Revolution was successful and the government overthrown. This revolution had many impacts on the Middle East, specifically the emergence of a new government and Islamist