Taken Hostage by David Farber is book about the Iranian hostage crisis that occurred 1979-1981. Farber looks into the causes of the hostage crisis, both at home and abroad, relations between Iran and the United States, and what attempts were made in order to rescue the hostages. Farber wrote the book in order to give insight into an issue that is considered to be a huge blemish and embarrassment on America’s history. He looked at it from all perspectives and gave an objective overview of the conflict. In order to put the event into context, Farber takes time to speak about the current domestic and foreign policy issues that were occurring during the time of the conflict. Domestically, the United States was going through a financial crisis. …show more content…
This completely changed the perception of the United States within Iran. Many Iranians believed that “American influence and power made a mockery of their national autonomy and desecrated their religious beliefs” (Farber, 37). The real struggle came once the Shah sought asylum in the U.S. Iran believed this to be a betrayal and demanded the Shah be released to the revolutionaries. Due to the fact that the United States did not refuse the Shah, the revolutionaries took the embassy in Tehran and all of the people that worked there hostage. One of the hostages wrote back to his parents during the crisis “‘We will not be set free until shah is released and the longer we stay here like this the better is a chance for something terrible to happen’” (Farber, 156). The siege was led by Iranian students who supported the revolution and the Ayatollah Khomeini, the leader that the revolution had selected to take the place of the …show more content…
It was always a balance between negotiations and hard power. Underneath Carter, Secretary of State Cyrus Vance believed that negotiations were going to be more beneficial while his National Security Advisor, Zbigniew Brzezinski, advocated for a more hawk-like strategy. In order to persuade the Iranians to release the hostages and to come up with a more diplomatic solution, the U.S. stopped buying oil from Iran and froze all Iranian assets. After that failed, Carter sought out Brzezinski for a military method, Operation Eagle Claw. Unfortunately, this mission was a catastrophe. The helicopters the rescuers used malfunctioned and eight Americans were killed in the process. Finally on January 20, 1981, the hostages were freed, hours after Ronald Reagan had been sworn into office. The negotiations were made and called the Algiers Agreement. Farber ends the book with a look into the future and how the events that transpired could be affecting the present “Historians usually are accused of exercising 20-20 hindsight. But, in this case, at the time, the historian’s visions can also be used to look forward into the perilous future” (Farber,
In constructing “ The Unredeemed Captive,” John Demos uses many styles of writing. One of the most pronounced styles used in this book is an argumentative style of writing. John Demos argues many points throughout the book and makes several contradictions to topics discussed previously in the work. John Demos also uses several major themes in the book, suck as captivity, kinship, negotiation, trade, regional and national development, and international relations. Each one of these themes, in my opinion, are what separate the book into its major sections.
...conflict. The war had a profound effect on the United States domestic life. The government had massive spending. The more than $150 billion spent throughout this war led to a severe economic crisis (Lawrence, 171.) The war also caused Americans to not trust their governmental leaders for the first time in history. This was due to the Watergate scandal along with the war efforts (Lawrence, 172.) Due to the profound effects economically and socially the war had on Americans, the U.S. should have not proceeded to entering into a battle that was not their own.
In All The Shah’s Men there seems to be a very strong hatred for all foreign powers, including the United States, taken by the citizens of Iran. I believe that this ultimately occurred because of the impatience of certain government officials in Washington D.C., and also in Great Britain. If only there could have been better communication between countries, I feel that there would have been a solution reached. The stubbornness of the British for the most part, led to many lives being lost, and a feeling of perpetual disgust being shown towards the United States for their involvement. Although the British were our allies and we did have an extreme fear of communism taking over the free world, this coup was disorganized, forced along too quickly, and put forth without any guidance or strong evidence, which in the end proved to completely defy what the United States was trying to impose on the world, and what Mossadegh was trying to give his people; freedom and democracy.
The Iran-Contra Affair involved the United States, Iran, and Lebanon. The affair coincided with the Iranian hostage crisis, which promoted the United States’ actions in sending weapons to Iran. The Reagan administration decided to trade arms for hostages in hopes of successfully retrieving American hostages from Iran. Iran was at the time under the power of Ayatollah Khomeini, who had put his full support behind the hostage crisis and believed there was nothing that the United States could do to Iran. America’s only chance of rescuing the hostages was to put their support behind Iran in the Iran-Iraq War, which involved the shipment of weapons to Iran f...
...currency. Disagreement over the proper approach to the issue caused deep political divides that further weakened peoples trust and faith in the government. Many viewed the government as weak and incompetent to handle the pressing issues of this decade. America not only faced domestic economic and social problems but also problems abroad. An enthusiastic imperial movement created resentment towards the US government as the US was committed atrocities overseas in an effort to maintain its colonies. The strong anti-imperialism movement that followed help paint a picture of a violent and brutal United States that slaughtered everything that stood in its way of building a strong overseas empire. The numerous problems that the US faced paved way for an era of reform that was directed at enforcing direction and integrity on a society in crisis – The Progressive Movement.
Americans today tend to believe that guns are dangerous and they should not be in the place of anyone’s hands. There is much debate over who should have one and who should not. What is not commonly conversed is how to properly use one. David Shipley, the author of the article The Rare ‘Good Guy with a Gun’, acknowledges this understated issue. Being a “good guy with a gun” is not enough to stop a bad guy with a gun. You do not only need a gun but also experience, knowledge, and adequacy.
This investigation evaluates the Carter Doctrine and the impact it had on 9/11. In order to successfully investigate the Carter Doctrine and its impact, one would have to evaluate its role in events leading to the tragedy of 9/11. The Carter Doctrine will be analyzed from the different perspectives such as different countries in the Middle East specifically the countries the terrorists of 9/11 were from. Those terrorists and those they worked will be analyzed for their philosophies on the US’s participation in the Persian Gulf. However, this particular investigation will not investigate the different forms of government of the Persian Gulf and the US.
In 1985, the Administration initiated a secret "arms-for-hostages" operation designed to free seven Americans held hostage by terrorists in Lebanon. Reagan had said he would never deal with supporters of terrorists, which he considered Iran's leaders to be. But he and his advisers believed Iran could get the hostages released. Members of the Administration arranged for the CIA to secretly purchase arms from the Department of Defense. Private individuals bought the arms from the CIA and sold them to Iran in return for its promises of help in the hostage release. But the sales led to the release of only three hostages, and three more Americans were taken hostage during the same period. Administration agents secretly diverted (transferred) profits from the arms sales to the contras.
While it is unknown as to what occurred with every hostage during the crisis, one retired diplomat on a special assignment in Tehran, Robert C. Ode, kept a journal detailing his experience: “I strongly protested the violation of my diplomatic immunity, but these protests were ignored…Some students attempted to talk with us, stating how they didn’t hate Americans—only our U.S. government, President Carter, etc.” Ode’s description of his captivity and his captors beliefs led to an insight into the motives of the Iranians. This valuable source allows historians to understand that President Carter and the United States government were responsible for the Iranian hatred. However, Ode’s journal is limited in it’s credibility due to possible alterations of the story in response to fear or pain. In addition to the declared state of hate for the Carter Administration, the government’s poor decisions throughout an attempted rescue attempt of the hostages displayed the weakness of the United States. According to
This event has been thoroughly dissected by a whole herd of politicians and pundits over a period of some months. But they have, unfortunately, failed to reach the heart of the matter.
.It was the height of the Cold War and the U.S. needed to be able to provide a credible military response to the Soviet Union. The Reagan Administration was almost 4 years into its campaign to strengthen the U.S. Armed Forces. The Administration appeared eager to use combat force as the instrument of choice for influencing world events. Secretary of Defense Weinberger, on the other hand, believed that “military force is just one of many tools of national power, and certainly not the preferred tool in every situation.”(Weinberger 1985) Weinberger developed six criteria for deciding when to use the US combat forces abroad. This criterion became known as the Weinberger Doctrine, and outlined specific tests which should be met before deploying US combat forces. The strengths and weaknesses of this doctrine can best be discussed when the doctrine is stated as questions. (Hunter 1987)
The Iran Hostage Crisis was a very important event that impacted America in many ways and destroyed our relationship with Iran. The consequences of this event are still felt today and continue to our foreign policies toward Iran. Throughout the 20th century, the United States tried to control Iran to ensure the exportation of oil to America. Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi came to power in 1941 and became allies with the United States. However, in the 1950s, Prime Minister Mohammad Mossadegh began to gain political power.
WATSON, STEPHANIE. "Iranian Hostage Crisis." Encyclopedia of Espionage, Intelligence and Security. Ed. K. Lee Lerner and Brenda Wilmoth Lerner. Vol. 2. Detroit: Gale, 2004. 158-160. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 28 July 2011.
The Revolution in Iran has had far reaching consequences in the Middle East and affects the political and cultural world as a whole. The war on terror has become a major component of the military efforts of the United States. The westernization of Iran and the large presence of American advisors during the reign of the Shah caused a religious backlash that changed the face of the government of Iran. It essentially became a religious dictatorship that opposed all things American. The Revolution that changed Iran was a direct response to the economic, political, cultural and religious values that occurred under the Shah that stood as an affront to the Shiite Islamic religion.
“You must go to the House of Shaws,” explained Alexander.” There you will receive your inheritance from my brother, your Uncle Ebenezer.” These words sparked Davie’s adventure as told through the Novel Kidnapped, by Robert Louis Stevenson. Then in 2005, Masterpiece Theater released it’s version through a movie that has it’s similarities with the original, and it’s differences. There are similarities and differences in the plot, characters, and in the passing of time. The differences definitely give a completely new version of this book, the similarities made it seem a little like the book, and how almost all of the changes made the movie more enjoyable make the movie superior.