Is Yawning Contagious?
Yawning is contagious. You can "catch" a yawn. I had to stifle many yawns as I read and wrote about this phenomenon. Yawning is probably programmed into us as stated by Dr. William Broughton, director of the Sleep Disorders Center at the University of S. Alabama Knollwood Hospital.
Yawning is not contagious from species to species. You will not see a baboon for instance yawn when he sees a human yawn. If a chimpanzee or baboon yawns another will follow. And vise versa. The only animal that had an affect on the human response was the yawn of the lion.
Observing people with their mouth wide open does not produce a yawn, but show a person with his or her mouth wide open and covered with a hand has a yawning effect. This is a visual response.
Most people will tell you that a good yawn gives them great satisfaction. Especially when it involves stretching the body along with the facial muscles. A stifled yawn is unsatisfactory and leaves us incomplete and irritated.
Not everyone exposed to yawning, whether visually or simply reading about it will be affected. A persons personality enters into the equation. People who are sensitive to another persons dilemma or problem are most likely to be contagious yawners. The level of empathy for others seems to be directly related. Yet excessive yawning may be a warning to a disease such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (Lou Gehrig's disease), multiple sclerosis or Parkinson's disease.
This study also suggests that to yawn is to be aware of oneself. We can identify ourselves in a mirror for instance. An infant does not have that ability so the success of a contagious yawn is small. I observed older people in a nursing home. Many cannot identify themselves in the mirror. Yawning to them created no reaction. They had a rather "flat" effect.
People with schizophrenic tendencies also had no reaction to visual yawning. Schizophrenia being one of many psychotic disorders that make it impossible to deal in reality, withdrawal, delusions. A study on the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ) showed the higher the SPQ score the lower number of contagious yawns.
So the question remains.... Why do we yawn? The answer seems to lie in our brains. Our behavior and state of mind will make us more vulnerable to catching a yawn.
Schizophrenia has multiple symptoms; according to the World of Health Organization, these symptoms include “delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech and behavior [as well as depressive behavior].” Monomania
Polletta, Francesca and James Jasper. “Collective Identity and Social Movements.” Annual Review of Sociology 27.1 (2001): 283–305. Print.
Many people, including Elvis Presley have or had insomnia, "Elvis Presley had serious insomnia, by his ex-wife's account, and ultimately became addicted to Placidyl, a sedative so dangerous that it's no longer on the market."2 so it’s definitely common! Nothing to be greatly cautious about, but should most definitely be addressed by a doctor or a physician. If the insomnia is high, or does not go away on its own, then immediate attention and/or treatment is necessary because you may be suffering from other life threatening diseases such as: Congestive heart disorder, diabetes, or a Chiara malformation.
If we had a tool that would improve our children's performance in school and social settings, lower the crime rate, lower teenage pregnancy, and save taxpayers' money, who wouldn't want to use it? Preschool is that tool, but few people pay attention to or care about preschool's potential benefits. For many parents, preschool is a valuable asset, providing their children with social play, fun, and an experience within a school-like setting. Children in preschool learn social skills like respect for authority, listening, and sharing; they also benefit from interaction with peers, which results in improved language and relational skills. Unfortunately, many parents simply cannot afford the expensive cost of private preschools, and there are few other options. Children are valuable as the future of the country, but the government has largely ignored them. Whether at the federal or state level, the government needs to create a free preschool available to all families.
...e and important introduction to the notion of schooling. Children are intellectually stimulated though play and play-like activates, rather than formal instruction. When a child listens to poetry and songs, they are learning to grasp phonics. The play that takes place with water, sand, and containers form the groundwork for understanding basic math concepts. Matching, sequencing, and one on one communication are all actives that are done over and over in preschool settings, and help children prepare to learn academics. Watching other children pursue a challenging tasks is also helpful. Children not see use parents as role models but also other children. They are often more inclined to do something another child is doing, then what an adult shows them. The presence of other children and a wide variety of material are big advantages of leaning academics in preschool.
Polletta, F., & Jasper, J. M. (2001). Collective identity and social movements. Annual review of Sociology, 283-305.
Sleep-learning has been thought to help people with traumatic problems such as anger, depression, or bad memories. Many people could take advantage of hypnopedia to relax the stress by listening to music or words that are healing to the ear.
Paul Hawken, in the chapter “Blessed Unrest,” records the people of a new social movement, as well as their ideals, goals, and principles. He writes how they are connected, along with the diversity and differences they bring to make the social movement unique. Hawken communicates to the readers the various social, environmental, and political problems they will encounter in today’s world as well as similar problems of the past. Problems that these groups of organizations are planning to undertake with the perseverance of humanity.
As has been noted in your response, the experiment performed was consistent with the facial feedback hypothesis. Although our averages for the portion of the experiment based on an individual with pursed lips varied slightly, the result of those who were asked to show bared teeth were the same. While this hypothesis is most fitting, one might attempt to apply other theories to the experimentation. Consider the dual-pathway model of fear, should one attempt to apply this concept to another emotion such as happiness, what might it look like (Nevid, 2015, p. 309)? It must be noted, this theory was not created as a concept to apply to happiness, thus its name, “model of fear”. Nonetheless, according to this “feel first, think second” concept,
Eye gaze is essential for evaluating the following objects: liking and attraction, attentiveness, competence, social skills and mental health, credibility, and dominance (Kleinke, 1986), these evaluations provide information about the target of another person’s attention and expression. Therefore, eye gaze helps to obtain information about communicative intentions and future behaviour (Baron-Cohen, 1995). Moreover, according to Patterson’s distinguish between communicative behaviours and indicative behaviours in 1982, only communicative behaviours are driven by a goal or purpose. Thus when infants are using eye gaze for communication, they are subjective to process the information transition. This statement also be demonstrated by many studies. For instance, D 'Entremont and his colleagues tested 24 infants form 3- to 6-month-olds in 1997 and they found that 73% participants followed the adults’ head-turn behaviour to change the direction of their eye
While quiet breathing, external intercostal muscles contract, which causes the ribcage to expand and move up. The diaphragm then contracts and moves down. The volume of the chest cavity increases, the lungs expand and the pressure inside the lungs decreases. Air then flows into the lungs in response to the pressure gradient. Inspiration (inhalation or breathing in) is accomplished by increasing the space, therefore decreasing the
Because sleep is vital to our well-being, we have to make sure to get an enough quality sleep at the right times as it helps to protect our mental and physical health, quality of life and safety.
body's level of cortisol, which aids the immune system. Laughing increases oxygen intake, stimulates heart and lungs, improves overall breathing abilities, and increases the body’s energy level. Laughing exercises several muscles in the body including: the abdomen, back, shoulders, and 15 facial muscles. So when coming home from a stressful day at the office, exercise might not be a top priority. Keep in mind that ...
I come from a background that is very disciplined and virtually militant as well as stringent. I was trained to only rely on my partner and teammates on cases we worked on together in investigations. Also, to only rely on facts. I remember one of my past trainers used to state, "Never assume anything because the word assumes just means ‘ASS-U-ME ', designating it would make an A** OUT OF YOU AND ME," by making assumptions. So, I learned to only see black and white with no gray area. Some cases could be so deep a person authentically didn 't authentically share information at all with outsiders or what one would call civilians. There were even those times we almost were not sure if you could even trust one another. Some cases were so hazardous that my life was nearly taken from me more than once or twice, and this caused me to be closed off and maybe at times even a little cold. Not always sure but very observant of my surroundings and watchful for the faults in people. This has been drilled, trained, and bred into me for more than fifteen years. All of this while keeping a composed front and appearance. Once getting into Forensic Science, things authentically took another turn for me regarding how I perceived the world through a lens of a camera, the studying of murdered victims, blood spatter, and trace evidence. This is actually my first semester being in the middle of crowds of civilians
...tention to how people react to one another’s comments, guessing the relationship between the people and guessing how each feels about what is being said. This can inform individuals to better understand the use of body language when conversing with other people. It is also important to take into account individual differences. Different cultures use different non-verbal gestures. Frequently, when observing these gestures alone the observer can get the wrong impression, for instance, the listener can subconsciously cross their arms. This does not mean that they are bored or annoyed with the speaker; it can be a gesture that they are comfortable with. Viewing gestures as a whole will prevent these misunderstandings. Non-verbal gestures are not only physical, for example; the tone of voice addressing a child will be different from the way it is addressed to an adult.