Investigating Temperature Change when Different Volumes of Acid and Alkali are Mixed
Prediction
==========
My prediction is that the biggest temperature change will be when
there are equal amounts of H+ ions and OH-, this is because create an
optimum mixture for the ions to neutralise each other.
Apparatus
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v Empty plastic yoghurt cup
v thermometer
v Hydrochloric Acid
v Sodium Hydroxide
v Two measuring cylinders
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Diagram
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[IMAGE] 30ml³ Hydrochloric acid
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[IMAGE]Thermometer
[IMAGE][IMAGE] Measuring Cylinder
[IMAGE] Plastic cup
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30ml³ Sodium
Hydroxide
Method
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First of all we decided to use a plastic cup because it was easy to
wash off the mixture. We poured out 30ml of Hydrochloric acid in to
one measuring cylinder and poured 30ml of Sodium Hydroxide into the
other measuring cylinder. Then we added the Sodium Hydroxide to the
plastic cup and left it for 25-30 seconds, we then took the
temperature of the alkali before adding the acid. We then tipped the
Hydrochloric acid into the cup with the alkali. We stirred the cup for
25-30 seconds and then recorded the new temperature, and then we
washed out the mixture before doing the next experiment. We then tried
out different combinations- 40:20, 20:40, 15:45 and 45:15. Just to
make sure we had reliable results we carried out the experiment twice
and took an average from the two results.
Results Table
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1st Results
Chemicals + Measurements
Temperature
[IMAGE]30ml³ of Sodium Hydroxide
+
30ml³ of Hydrochloric Acid
Start
20ºC
End
26ºC
Rise
6ºC
[IMAGE]40ml³ of Sodium Hydroxide
+
20ml³ of Hydrochloric Acid
Start
20ºC
End
27ºC
Rise
7ºC
[IMAGE]20ml³ of Sodium Hydroxide
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heat will stay in the cup and can only escape by rising to the surface
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which will be easier to time and we can measure the size of the froth
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