Investigating Factors Which Affect The Reaction Between Chalk and An Acid
Introduction:
Chalk is just one of many forms that calcium carbonate can take. It is
made of the mineral remains of sea creatures from millions of years
ago. It is quite soft, but solid. It reacts with hydrochloric acid
like this
2 CaCO3 + 2 HCl → CO2 + CaCl2 + H2O
producing Carbon Dioxide, which is what we measure in the experiment.
There are different factors affecting the rate of this reaction, such
as:
* Temperature
* Concentration of acid
* Surface area of chalk
* Pressure
* Light intensity (this is a very small affect so it doesn't really
count and I won't take it into account)
* Whether a catalyst is present (in this experiment there isn't one
anyway)
(Note these factors affect the rate of the reaction, but not the final
amount of carbon dioxide produced.)
Why these factors affect it: higher temperature makes atoms move more
so they are more likely to bump into each other and react. The more
concentration or more volume there is of an acid, the more acid
molecules there are that can react with the chalk. The larger the
surface area of a solid, the more surface there is for acid to collide
with and react with. Higher pressure pushes the molecules closer
together, so it's quicker for them to collide with each other and
therefore react (so raising the pressure is like raising the
concentration). Every reaction needs a little "activation energy" to
make it happen, and when catalysts are added they reduce the amount of
activation energy needed.
I have chosen to do concentration of acid because surface area is
difficult to measure, pressure is hard to do in a school lab, and
temperature could be dangerous e.g. if acid boils it could spit.
Prediction:
I predict that as I strengthen the acid (increase molarity) the
Input variables In this experiment there are two main factors that can affect the rate of the reaction. These key factors can change the rate of the reaction by either increasing it or decreasing it. These were considered and controlled so that they did not disrupt the success of the experiment. Temperature-
Rate of Reaction Between Calcium Carbonate and Hydrochloric Acid Plan: In my experiment I will measure the rate of reaction between calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid. The rate of the reaction is the speed that the reaction takes place so by measuring the rate I will measure the amount of time the reaction takes. Hydrochloric acid is a strong acid that is found in digestive juices in the stomach, it is also used for cleaning metals before they are coated. Calcium carbonate has a few forms including chalk and limestone the main use of these two materials is in the making of concrete, which is used for many things such as buildings. When you put calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid together they react to form calcium chloride, carbon dioxide and water.
Rate of Reaction Between Marble Chips and Hydrochloric Acid. The aim of this experiment is to find out how different variables affect the rate at which the reaction between Marble chips (CaCO ) and Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is used. There are many variables that affect the rate of this reaction such as the following. 1.
Investigating the Rate of Reaction Between Marble Chips and Hydrochloric Acid I am investigating the rate of reaction between marble chips (calcium
The Effect of Temperature on the Rate of Reaction Between Hydrochloric Acid and Calcium Carbonate
The Rate of Reaction Between Calcium Carbonate and Hydrochloric Acid Planning. CaCO3 (s) + 2HCl (aq) ---- CaCl2 (aq) + H2O (l) + CO2 The rate of reaction depends on how hard and how often the reacting particles collide with each other. A rate of reaction is how fast a reaction takes place.
limestone chips, I will use 3g all the time and use 2 moles of acid.
It will be when there is too much HCl for the marble chips to dissolve
I think this because as the surface area increases, the speed of the reaction will increase therefore the gas will be produced faster. I believe this because most chemical reactions happen faster when there is more of the reactant to react with. When there is a larger surface area, there is more of the reactant available, which makes it easier for them to react together. Usually, when the surface area is doubled it will double the rate of reaction.
Experiment is to investigate the rate of reaction between hydrochloric acid and calcium carbonate Hydrochloric acid + Calcium Carbonate Þ Calcium Chloride + Water + Carbon Dioxide 2HCl (aq) CaCo3 (s) CaCl2(s) H2O (aq) CO2 (g) There are a number of variables in this experiment and these are listed below as input variables and outcome variables.
Investigating the Rate of Reaction Between Marble Chips and Acid Introduction This is a test to demonstrate the reaction rate between marble chips (CaCO) and hydrochloric acid (HCl). Hopefully we will be able to prove that the concentration of the acid is directly proportional to the reaction rate. Aim To discover if the concentration of acid is directly proportional to the rate of reaction, by monitoring the amount of gas given off as the reaction takes place. Prediction We believe that the concentration of the acid will be directly proportional to the rate of reaction. We believe this due to the following theory: [IMAGE]The collision theory: This theory states that for a reaction to occur the reactant particles need to react with sufficient energy.
Investigate how the concentration of hydrochloric acid effects the rate at which it reacts with calcium carbonate
• The use of a catalyst will speed up the reaction as long as the catalysts electrode potentials are feasible for each step in the reaction. Since a catalyst lowers the activation energy and takes the reaction through a different route, according to the Maxwell-Boltzmann diagram, at a constant temperature more particles are able to react as demonstrated by the diagrams below:
Firstly, we need to keep the chemical at a constant concentration. So, in this experiment we have chosen to keep hydrochloric acid at a constant concentration (5cm3). We could have, however, used Sodium Thiosulphate as a constant, but we had chosen to use Hydrochloric acid. Next, we must make sure that the solution is kept at a constant volume throughout the experiment. If the volume is different, then it could give different results if it was at a constant volume.
An investigation into how changing one variable influences the rate of reaction between marble chips and dilute Hydrochloric acid