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Socioeconomic disadvantages faced by indigenous
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I have often been asked why social problems like alcohol abuse, suicide, and domestic violence disproportionality affect First Nation Peoples. Regarding Intimate Partner Violence, I believe that Indigenous women are disproportionally affected because of their low economic status. Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) in North America is a problem that can affect anyone despite, race, religion, or socioeconomic status. The data available suggest that First Nations women are more likely to experience IPV in their lifetime, with 46% -91% of Native woman experiencing violence compared to the 7-51% of their non-native counterparts (Nason-Clark, 2004) In a study of eight indigenous regions of Mexico researchers interviewed women about experienced IPV, history of family violence, level of poverty in the community, type of municipality and sociodemographic characteristics (Santiago ,2013). They found that the women in these communities who reported higher levels of Intimate Partner Violence also were more likely to have low levels of education, had married young , had elevated levels of alcohol consumption, and had a poorer household (Santiago, 2013). Those in lower socioeconomic positions of the indigenous communities analyzed were also more likely to experience severe intimate partner violence; Which includes …show more content…
In 49 interviews of indigenous women who have experienced IPV and Health care professionals in the community with indigenous background researchers documented reoccurring themes of oppression, sub oppression and colonization. In fact, 76%s of respondents viewed IPV as a social norm (Bernette, 2017). Income and poverty were not a dominant factor in this study when interviews were coded, as over half of the 29 reporting victims had a Bachelor degree or higher (Bernette,
Intimate partner violence has been a significant issue for centuries in all countries. "Since 1974, nearly 2,600 spousal homicides have been recorded in Canada" (Bunge, 2002). Of these homicides, more than three-quarters have been against women. Although through feminism and the women's liberation movement, there has been a slight improvement in the incidences of violence against women, there has also been a drastic change in the perception of the issue by society. After reviewing the most recent literature on violence against women and victimization through intimate partners, it has become prevalent that there are now two crucial stances that are taken. The first position is that of the women being victimized as the main issue, including prevention, causes and incidences. The second position is that of women becoming more 'aggressive' and the issue of violence against both men and women. "Wife battering- the original problem constituted by the 1970s feminists- has morphed into 'domestic violence' and then into 'husband abuse'" (Minaker, 2006). This literature review will examine the background information on intimate partner violence including different arguments and perspectives, theories, and methodologies as well as discuss the major findings and future directions of research.
According to Smith, sexual violence “is not simply a tool of patriarchy, but also a tool of colonialism and racism” (Smith 2005, 8). As a result, women are being forced to suffer abuse, which damages their identity. Because of colonialism, Native women often find themselves forced into silence around sexual and domestic violence in their communities. By staying silent about sexual and domestic violence, Native communities are “able to maintain a united front against racism” (Smith 2005, 1). Accordingly, Native women are constantly being marginalized in patriarchal discourses regarding racism, colonialism, and white supremacy discourses. Historically, it is mentioned that sexism is the inability of both patriarchy and white supremacy discourses,
Today, Native American women continue to be victimized and remain vulnerable targets within, their communities, reservations, tribal law enforcement agencies, and federal law enforcement agencies. In order to restore peace and justice for Native women we first need to have critical and substantive discussion regarding all aspects of sexual assault on r...
Professor Sarah Deer from the University of Kansas visited Dayton to give a presentation entitled, “Sovereignty of the Soul: Sexual Violence in Native America.” Throughout her presentation, Dr. Dree exposes important and disheartening information about the way Indians have been treated. She stated that the majority of Native American women have been or will be sexual assaulted in their lifetime. Dr. Deer has dedicated her efforts towards ending violence and discrimination towards Native American women and works towards educating individuals on harsh realities that have been occurring throughout our history.
The researcher Michael T Johnson in 1995 investigated data from the National Family Violence Survey. Johnson reported that “…young married Hispanic women were more likely to experience domestic violence” (). The racial and ethnic groups revealed differences in rates and the forms of abuse. Researchers reported than African American and Hispanic women with low household income and educational status experienced greatest rates of family and domestic violence. According to Women of Color Network (2006) “African American women reported 29.1% intimated partner violence (sexually, physically, and mentally); on the other hand, Hispanic females reported 21.2%” (p. 1-4). The domestic violence rates among African American and Hispanic women have beben related to the sociocultural beliefs of the acceptance of marital abuse; especially, if women have low educational levels and are financially
This marginalizes indigenous women beyond any reasonable expectation of security of life and person (Indigenous politics, 2005). This paper will discuss the conceptualization of structural violence, gender analysis and how Aboriginal women experiences structural violence in the light of three themes which are; health issues, socio-economic setbacks and lack of participation in policy making and governance (this can also be seen as social injustice). These three themes are interconnected (intersectionality of gender inequality). The social location of violence proposes that there are several composite and interconnected factors which occur at myriad social and cultural contexts that has kept women vulnerable to violence (Samantroy, 2010). This paper will also look at intervention strategies that can help minimize structural violence directly affecting Aboriginal women in
In a 1999, a national survey was conduct on the domestic violence of women in Canada . The study concluded that the highest prevalence of abuse was found in the homes of immigrants from developing countries. This study shows that most immigrant women internalize and hide the crimes due to social stigma, shame, cultural/religious constraints and lack of community resources (Preisser, 1999).
Intimate partner violence is still a common issue that affects women from all walks of life. It is an issue that is too often ignored until the violence has become deadly. In the book “Women: Images and Realities a Multicultural Anthology,” chapter seven entitled “Violence Against Women” includes pieces that cover the issue of intimate partner violence. In Michele McKeon’s piece “Understanding Intimate Partner Violence” she states that “In 1994 the Violence Against Women Act was passed, revolutionizing programs, services, and funding for individuals affected by intimate partner violence and their families” (McKeon 497). Yet the revolutionized programs, which McKeon speaks of, haven’t changed the fact that the violence continues and in my opinion, it is not enough to just deal with the aftermath of the violence, the prevention of intimate partner violence is something that society needs to address. In addition, McKeon also states “The Center for Disease Control and Prevention found that 1,181 women were murdered by their intimate partners in 2005; two million women experience injurie...
Research has suggested that IPV is a significant concern amongst the Latina population. A recent National Violence Against Women Survey reports that 21.2% of Hispanic/Latina women reported physical assault and 7.9% reported being raped by an intimate partner at some time in their life, this is a total of 29.1% of this population experiencing IPV. This number is significantly more than that of the national average of 25% (Tjaden & Thoennes, 2000).
Moreover, when an Indigenous child grows up in non-Indigenous care, oftentimes, the only cultural education that they receive is formal education. Unfortunately, the education system can contribute to fostering mental health concerns by focusing on the colonial aspects of Indigenous history, “legitimating [the] ideology of colonialism” (Gebhard, 2017) for both Indigenous and non-Indigenous youth. Educators reveal that, in their daily encounters with non-Indigenous society, Indigenous youth “deal with low expectations, and incidents of outright racism” (Gebhard, 2017). Furthermore, the disproportionately high rates of Indigenous youth in non-Indigenous care coupled with this coinciding lack of Indigenous cultural identity acts as a pipeline to many additional social problems, such as, increased rates of suicide, criminal activity, various types of abuse, and other severe consequences. It is noted that, “the majority of children and youth involved with child welfare in Manitoba are exhibiting known risk factors for suicide” (“Special Reports.”
On 4/4/17, Hennepin County Child Protection accepted a report of alleged physical abuse. Domestic violence involves Yasmin Mohamed and Khadija Mohamed by their father Fasel Ali. Per reporter Mr. Ali threatened to kill Ms. Musse and their children Yasmin and Khadija with a knife on 4/3/17. Per reporter, Mr. Ali and Ms. Musse began arguing after school on 4/3/17 about their pending divorce. Per reporter Mr. Ali grabbed a small knife from the block on the kitchen counter. Per reporter Mr. Ali proceeded to threaten to stab and kill Ms. Musse and Yasmin with the knife, as Yasmin was witnessing this argument and knife being grabbed. Per reporter, Yasmin was upset because she thought her father was going to kill her mother. Per reporter, Mr. Ali was arrested for 2nd degree assault and is in the custody.
Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is historically referred to as domestic violence. It describes a pattern of coercive and assaultive behavior that may include psychological abuse, progressive isolation, sexual assault, physical injury, stalking, intimidation, deprivation, and reproductive coercion among partners (The Family Violence Prevention Fund (FVPF), 1999). IPV leads to lifelong consequences such as lasting physical impairment, emotional trauma, chronic health problems, and even death. It is an issue affecting individuals in every community, regardless of age, economic status, race, religion, nationality or educational background. Eighty-five percent of domestic violence victims are women (Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2003).
There are many different types of domestic violence. Physical abuse is the most obvious form, but this is not to say that outsiders always recognize it. Generally, physical violence causes bodily harm, using a variety of methods. Slapping, pushing, throwing, hitting, punching, and strangling are only a few methods. An object or weapon may or may not be used. There is not always physical evidence of physical abuse such as bruising, bleeding, scratches, bumps, etc., therefore, absence of physical marks does not necessarily mean physical abuse had not occurred. Physical abuse sometimes escalates to murder (Morris and Biehl 7, Haley 14-17).
When I saw that the writing assignment for this week I can honestly say I did not look forward to sitting down and writing it. In fact, I put it off….did a ton of other things around my house before I could get myself to sit down and somehow put what I have to say about my personal experience/knowledge that I have with domestic violence.