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Effective management and leadership in healthcare
Leadership in healthcare
Is transactional or transformational leadership preferred
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Recommended: Effective management and leadership in healthcare
In a Healthcare environment, a leader by title is someone such as an administrator, director of nursing, supervisor, or a head nurse (manager). These “titled executives” have the task of creating overall healthcare plans, which are designed to instruct subordinates on their daily routines; and creating patient plan of care, which are designed to instruct subordinates on how individual patients will be cared for. Nonetheless, an effective leader, or “true leader”, is someone who positively motivates and encourages followers by clear, understandable instruction; and leads by example. (Atchison, 2004)
Carson Dye describes leadership as “a living phenomenon”; and that “it is expected to shift shape according to its purpose and the demands of its followers and the environment. It is as a social influence process in which the leader seeks the voluntary participation of subordinates in an effort to reach organizational goals”. (Dye, 2010) According to Dye, Leadership is both
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The term "transactional" refers to the fact that this type of leader essentially motivates subordinates by exchanging rewards for performance. A transactional leader generally does not look ahead in strategically guiding an organization to a position of market leadership; instead, these managers are solely concerned with making sure everything flows smoothly today.
Transformational leadership styles are crucial to the strategic development of a small business. Small businesses with transformational leaders at the helm shoot for ambitious goals, and can achieve rapid success through the vision and team-building skills of the leader. Different management styles are suited for different situations. For example, a transactional leader is best suited for minimum wage jobs because of their quick actions to small
The topic of leadership has been explored and written about by thousands of authors who are considerably more qualified than I am to write about the subject. However, I’ve always maintained that developing, evolving and articulating one’s own leadership philosophy is an essential part of a professional’s growth. Through academics and experience, I’ve concluded that leadership is a “soft” skill, more art than science, and that leadership principles can be universally applied. As a topic of discussion, leadership can be ambiguous and seldom does everyone agree on a single definition. Organizations and the people they consist of crave leadership, even if not overtly. Undeniably, strong leadership is essential to achieving
Leadership has been defined in different ways, a definitaion of leadership that would be most commonly accepted would be “the ability of an individual to influence, motivate, and enable others to contribute toward the effectiveness and success of the organization…”(House et al., 1999, p. 184 as cited in Yukl, 2013, p. 19). After a comprehensive review of different leadership literature, Stogdill (1974, p. 259, as cited in Yukl, 2013, p. 18) concluded that “There are almost as many definitions of leadership as there are persons who have attempted to define the concept." Leadership can be viewed from two different angles one is shared influence process and other as a specialized role. Researcher who view leadership as a specialized role consider attributes as a factor in selecting a designated leader. On the contrast, theorist who emphasises on influence process considers “Leadership” as a social process or a pattern of relationship.
Why now? Why are we focusing on transformational leadership? Healthcare costs are continuing to rise. Some of the critical problems and active debates prevalent in many hospital organizations include the rapidly intensifying healthcare costs, funding and reimbursement cutbacks, and concern regarding the overall quality and safety of health care. “Healthcare systems have come under pressure to improve performance and manage productivity” (Botting, 2011). To be successful in the 21st century, there is a demand on healthcare systems to have a vision and executive and clinical leadership to inspire the change process and make the difference between success and failure in change.
A manager’s leadership style must influence staff and others to take them seriously. A manager sets the tempo for the employees’ work ethic. Effective leadership from healthcare managers is important to the modern healthcare reform (Kumar, 2013). Leadership engagement in healthcare explains how a problem could affect a healthcare organization. Managers that hold leadership roles must adopt a certain style that can be functional for his or her initial organization to be successful. Performance improvement can be a very serious aspect of leadership engagement (Croxton, 2011). Healthcare managers need to have people from all areas involved to work effectively. Without the consistency of getting all staff and physicians involved, the organization may suffer greatly.
According to Yoder-Wise (2015), a leader can be defined as, “an individual who works with others to develop a clear vision of the preferred future and to make that vision happen” (p 35). As employees, we often have our own ideal of a good leader, which may be influenced by experiences and perception of workplace norms. While one’s opinion of an effective leader may vary, there are several recognized leadership theories. The following will focus on the transformational leadership approach.
Transformational leadership is one of the most popular leadership styles. According to Kendrick (2011), “Transformational leadership involves four factors: 1. idealized influence, 2. inspirational motivation, 3. intellectual stimulation, and 4. individual consideration.” These four factors make transformational leadership have an impact on followers. The goal of transformational leadership is to cause a positive change in individuals, help motivate them, and develop a leader within each individual.
Transformational. The rudimentary difference between transformational leadership and transactional leadership in relation to organizational implementation is that transactional leaders are limited by the boundaries of the organization (i.e., financial stability and efficiency), whereas transformational leaders strive to make innovative change within the organization. Caruthers states there is limited evidence that whether using transactional versus transformational methods are more effective. However, leaders in a federal agency have been cited implementing transformational or transactional leadership style in an effort to “enhance employee productivity, enhance accountability, and enhance a perceived notion of fiscal accountability throughout the organization” (2011, p. 39). As of the conclusion of Caruthers report, the transactional leadership style has been recognized as the dominant style in a federal agency, but in a time of budget constraints and policy changes, management favors the shift towards a more transformational approach. The results show, a linear relationship between “transformational leadership and the commitment level of government employees” (p.
Good leadership can be accomplished through a variety of techniques and styles. Transformational leadership seeks to change and engage followers and the organization by creating a compelling vision, strategy, and culture. Ultimately a “transformational leader motivates followers to achieve their potential and the organization’s potential” (Weiss, 2015). Transactional leadership, on the other hand, forms more routine, yet essential leadership and managerial tasks such as planning, scheduling, controlling, and working with subordinates on detailed
In today’s society, leadership is a common yet useful trait used in every aspect of life and how we use this trait depends on our role. What defines leadership is when someone has the capability to lead an organization or a group of people. There are many examples that display a great sense of leadership such being an educator in health, a parent to their child, or even a nurse. In the medical field, leadership is highly used among nurses, doctors, nurse managers, director of nursing, and even the vice president of patient care services. Among the many positions in the nursing field, one who is a nurse manager shows great leadership. The reason why nurse manager plays an important role in patient care is because it is known to be the most difficult position. As a nurse manager, one must deal with many patient care issues, relationships with medical staff, staff concerns, supplies, as well as maintaining work-life balance. Also, a nurse manager represents leadership by being accountable for the many responsibilities he or she holds. Furthermore, this position is a collaborative yet vital role because they provide the connection between nursing staff and higher level superiors, as well as giving direction and organization to accomplish tasks and goals. In addition, nurse managers provide nurse-patient ratios and the amount of workload nursing staff has. It is their responsibility to make sure that nursing staff is productive and well balanced between their work and personal lives.
Initially, transactional and transformational leadership are different in terms of implementation and its outcomes. However, transformational leadership was developed from transactional leadership (Downton, 1973). Bass (1985) defined transactional leadership as an exchange activity that leaders execute to motivate subordinates in order to achieve their tasks by giving out reward or punishment correspond with their performance. Additionally, active and passive management by exception are taken into account when it comes to misconception and faults. Bass (1985) stated that transformational leadership emphasizes the value of subordinates, encourages them to perform extra effort, and assures their comprehension on organization’s goals and objectives. Besides, idealised influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulatio...
Leadership is defined as the process of influencing human behavior to achieve organizational goals that serves the public, while developing individuals, teams and the organization for future service. “Effective leadership is a concept both strikingly simple and stunningly complex.”( Schafer, J) “Leadership is not about formal authority; it is the process of motivating, inspiring, convincing, persuading, and in some other way compelling others to follow. ” (Anderson, Gisborne, & Holliday, 2006)
Leadership styles are defined as "a pattern of emphases, indexed by the frequency or intensity of specific leadership behaviors or attitudes, which a leader places on the different leadership functions" (Casimir, 2001). Leadership styles such as autocratic, democratic and laissez faire all fit into two categories that are transformational leadership, and transactional leadership. The definition of transformational leadership is as follows, Transformational leadership is defined as when leaders broaden and elevate the interests of their employees, when they generate awareness and acceptance of the purposes and mission of the group, and when they stir their employees to look beyond their own self-interest for the good of the group. (Bass 1990) It’s a leadership approach where the leader works to enhance the morale, job performance and motivation of the employees through a range of strategies and
Transactional leadership- a type of leadership where the leader either punishes or rewards his or her employee based on their performance at work or an organization. This type of leadership is often seen in the workplace. Some examples of such leaderships are CEOs, Managers and Coaches etc.
Because of this fact most organizations and entrepreneurs are paying close attention the the leaders they put in place to lead their company and its people into victory, which is the ultimate goal of their organizations. It is a well known fact that leadership is an important factor in an organization’s success, but the type of leadership style and as well as the leader 's personality is what really determines that level of success. In my research I have concluded that the most important leadership styles are transformational and transactional leadership. Transformational leadership has the potential to resurrect, transform and keep companies evolving with time. Transactional leadership although can have some negative effects on some, but if used properly, can promote compliance almost a stagnant team through both rewards and punishments. When companies are pursuing leaders, they not only look at their candidates experiences knowledge of a particular sector of that business, but they pay close attention to the personalities of these individual. They do so because they know that one’s leadership style and abilities is heavily affected by the candidates own personality and views. As a result of this thinking, it has lead all authors involved in both research paper and article “Relationship Between Leaders Personality Types and Source of Power and leadership Styles Among Managers” and “
Leadership, like the Sufi proverb of the blind men describing an elephant in terms of its parts, is all of these – it has many facets, dimensions and aspects. (Allio, R, 2013).Leadership is an important dimension to the success of an Organization without it a large component of businesses would suffer irreparable damage. With that being said, how does an organisation increase its leadership effectiveness ?, it can do this by asking its management team to create a philosophy that can assist them design who and what they want to be as leaders (Benson, D, 2016) this philosophy can only ensure continued success.