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Media representation of womens sport
Men vs women in sports
Men vs women in sports
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When asked as a class, why do some sports attract more interest than others? I decided to take more of a gender approach to this question to try to find the answer to, why men’s sports are more popular than women’s sports. Men are built more ‘masculine’ which make them better overall athlete’s. Although, women’s bodies were built to be more flexible and elegant to leap across a dance floor or flip over a beam it is just not common that women could tackle one another for the purpose of a sport. This is shown in the common interest in that of women’s gymnastics or volleyball in the Olympics but more interest in men’s track or swimming. Why is it that audiences are more drawn to the super bowl than a cheerleading tournament? In the book, Sporting
Most reality shows on TV make their plot lines very dramatic to keep the audience engaged in the show and coming back to watch more. The same goes with sports. If given the choice to watch men’s basketball or women’s basketball, more people would probably choose men’s because men tend to be more aggressive after something goes wrong. When speaking on the differences in men and women biologically, Hargreaves states; “the commonplace claim that men are naturally more aggressive, more competitive and therefore, better at sports than women suggest that these are inherent conditions and hence unchangeable” (146). With this quote, she is proving that since men are more aggressive, they are better able to play out the game. For example, when trying to defend the opponent in basketball a man would be more likely to foul due to the more aggressive nature that he was raised to
Women are more capable to being tossed into the air gracefully, which is what is needed to be a cheerleader. Whereas, men are faster and that is why watching a men’s basketball game is more entertaining than watching a female basketball game. Jennifer Hargreaves talks about how in the early 1920’s there was a popular demand to play Women’s football. There were many clubs formed and the game was enjoyed by both the players and spectators until the Football Association shut down women’s football saying, “the game of football is quite unsuitable for females and should not be encouraged” (142). In this we are shown that even when women tried to play a game as equally as possible to men, it was shut down simply because of the way women are supposed to act. We now have flag football, so the tackling and aggressive rough play as seen in men’s football. Audiences would be more inclined to watch men’s football because football should be played with tackling and aggression where flag football cannot be played in such a
Boys- and more and more girls-who accept Jock Culture values often go on to flourish in a competitive sports environment that requires submission to authority, winning by any means necessary and group cohesion,” says Robert Lipsyte. In Kate Nolan’s article, boys are only allowed to play sports. Kate Nolan mentions, “A lot of people like to justify women’s supporting role in sports media by saying, “Well, they’ve never played the game, so they just aren’t qualified to speak about it.” Women are known to not play football because coaches never give them the chance to try. Another difference is Bill Stowe.
Hult explains that in the era between 1890-1920, women physical educators were a tightly knit, dedicated group committed to a tradition of restricted competition, self-governance, and a feminine approach to individual and team sports. They believed that all girls and women should have the opportunity to participate and enjoy sport, not only the talented elite as in the competition-driven male philosophical structure (87). Play-days and sport-days with emphasis on team building games were a means of perpetuating an image of an ideal American female athlete: feminine, beautiful, strong, yet always 'aware of her delicate reproductive system' (89).
The existence of hegemonic power related to gender roles in sport limits the participation of students in Sport Aerobics. This hypothesis is supported by the data gathered from a survey that 24 Nambour High students took (Appendix 1). The survey included 2 female and male students from each year level. This survey revealed that only 16% of students have participated in Sport Aerobics and the majority of the students were from the senior year levels. When the students were asked what gender Sport Aerobics is for over half the students said both male and female. However, 37% of the students said that Sport Aerobics is for women only and 6 out the 9 students that answered women were male meaning that the majority of male students believe that Sport Aerobics is a feminine sport. None of the students believed that Sport Aerobics is an only male sport. Seventy percent of students throughout all the year levels believe that men are stronger than women. The only students that said women were female themselves. It is fixed in to student’s minds that men are stronger than women because of the lack of recognition to female athletes on the media. Students only see strong male athletes such as rugby league players presented on the media. This accounts for the 70% of students that do not watch any women’s sport and the only students that do were female. This result is due to the lack of women role models in the
Sports, in general, are a male dominated activity; every “real” male is suppose to be interested and/or involved in sports in the American society. However, it is not expected of a female to be interested in sports and there is less pressure on them to participate in physically enduring activities. These roles reflect the traditional gender roles imposed on our society that men are supposed to be stronger and dominant and females are expected to be submissive. As Michael Kimmel further analyzes these gender roles by relating that, “feminism also observes that men, as a group, are in power. Thus with the same symmetry, feminism has tended to assume that individually men must feel powerful” (106).
It goes without saying that a person's gender, racial and social origins influence their participation in sports. Particular races and genders often dominate certain sports. African Americans, for example, tend to dominate football and basketball, while Caucasians tend to dominate ice hockey. The same holds true for gender as well. Football is an entirely male dominated sport, while horseback riding, gymnastics and figure skating are much more female oriented. How and why did these divisions come about? Determining the origin of gender goes beyond the scope of this paper, however one can speculate about how gender classifications and stereotypes affect one's role in the sports arena.
Men and women who chose to engage in sports from which they would traditionally be discouraged because of their gender, particularly as professionals, redefine the sport. The social and cultural "costs" are not the result of the individual's participation, but rather the way in which sports have been socially, politically, and economically constructed. Gender is only one of the few ways in which people are categorized according to their proficiency for some athletic activities. Race and class are also factors which may prevent individuals from engaging in sports that have been traditionally excluded to them. Socially constructed notions of race, class, and sexuality compound the way in which the history of sports has developed. For example, black women athletes may be more accepted in certain sports than in others, i.e. black women in the WNBA might seem as less an anomaly for black women than for white women, and yet the success of the Williams sisters in tennis may seem more out of the ordinary for many Americans than the success of their white counterparts. Race, class, sex, and sexuality are the operative notions in which certain sports are less "traditional" for certain groups.
In sporting activity participation and televised sports, there is a noticeable difference between male and female interest and involvement. In the article Center of Attention: The Gender of Sports Media Michael A. Messner discusses the issues that involve all aspects of sports strictly being a man’s affair. Messner expresses ideas that men are not only the forefront of sports participation, but sports media as well. A point is made in the article about the leaders in sports being those who are the most aggressive. This point is the reasoning behind why men are the superior figures in sports. The aggressiveness of men causes there to be more interest into male sporting activity which makes men a dominant figure in sports.
Lopiano and Sommers agree that the amount of media coverage female athletes receive compared to male athletes indicates that female athletes are less valid. Lopiano and Sommers both point out that the media tends to highlight female athletes in action only during major events. Fortunately, for the male athletes, the tendency is different because no matter what time of the year it is, male events are always airing on the television. The media only decides to highlight events such as the National College Athletic Association (NCAA) women’s basketball Final Four, Olympics, and World Cup soccer. Since the Olympic games and World Cup occurs every four years, the Final Four also known as the semi-final round are the rare eve...
Gender in sports has been a controversial issue ever since sports were invented. In the early years, sports were played only by the men, and the women were to sit on the sidelines and watch. This was another area of life exemplifying the sexism of people in which women were not allowed to do something that men could. However, over the last century in particular, things have begun to change.
Tate, Tim. Girls with Balls - The Secret History of Women's Football. New York: John Blake Publishing, 2013.
For most of human history, athletic competition has been regarded as an exclusively masculine affair. Women weren't aloud to watch most sporting events let alone participate in them. Not till late 19th century did women really begin participating in sporting events. Although women were permitted to participate in many sports, relatively few showed interest, for a variety of social and psychological reasons that are still poorly understood. Title IX declares: "No person in the U.S. shall, on the basis of sex be excluded from participation in, or denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any educational program or activity receiving federal aid." Therefore sex should not deem females athletic ability as inferior in comparison to men. Women are physically, mentally, and emotionally capable of playing any sport just as men are.
The Web. 31 Mar. 2014. The 'Standard' of the 'Standard'. Duncan, Margaret C., and Nicole Williams. "This Revolution Is Not Being Televised" Out of Play: Critical Essays on Gender and Sport. By Michael A. Messner, Ph.D. Albany: State University of New York, 2007.
When it comes to women's sports and popularity in the 21 century it has been little progress made toward gender equality for woman sports, now in the 21 century more kids and adults know who some of these females athletes are but as far as media coverage goes for female athlete are in the shadows of the male athletes dominance and the tradition that males developed in sport due to what gender establish athletics first, because women sports were brought up years after men athletics had been established.
Did you know that male football player of the year, Cristiano Ronaldo earn 85x more than female player of the year Nadine Kessler. Many media reports have discriminated women’s play in sports calling and labelling them as “gay”, calling them out for ruining the joy of the game. Mo’ne Davis broke records when she was the first female little league player to lead her all-male team to the championship victory, batting faster than any little league player. FIFA President made women play on turf despite many efforts to change his decision. They would never do the same for men, because they value men athletes more and have better investments in men’s players than they do for female athletes.
It would appear, from the outside, that men's sport will forever have all of the advantages, all of the rewards, all of the prestige, while women's sport is left to perpetual inequality. Yet, not only are there sports that are considered "non-traditional" for both sexes, the obvious majority of these sports are "traditionally" recognized as women's sports. While there may be a very small number of teams of male synchronized swimmers or synchronized ice-skaters, there are virtually no integrated teams. Of the number of sports considered non-traditional for women, among them football and wrestling, women have gradually opened the door into these sports. In most states, girls even have the right to participate on boys' sports teams if there is no girls' team or even a girls' team which plays by the same rules because of the historical limitations on women's sports.