(U) In order to discuss the actions and behaviors of the Islamic State of Iraq and Levant (ISIL), one must first recognize its origins and its association or disassociation with other terrorist groups. The building of terrorist organizations does not occur overnight, and they take years of careful socialization to occur. To conceptualize the creation of a terrorist organization like ISIS, we have to look at the structural, systemic and motivational factors that comprise the group and its ideologies. If a society loses its cohesion, then some of the socio-political factors such as religion, ethnicity, tribe or clan, and race would come into play to fill that void. We could use a socio-political cleavage matrix to look for the individual friction points to see where the gestation of the terrorist organization starts and why. In this case, we will focus on one who some call the father of Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS). This was Abu Mus’ab al-Zarqawi, a Jordanian of the Sunni denomination, who took his name from his birthplace Zarqa, Jordan . …show more content…
The ISIL gestational period started when al-Zarqawi was released from a Jordanian prison where he picked up his radicalized vision of Islam that formed his ideas about creating his own Islamic State. Al-Zarqawi traveled to Afghanistan to meet with Osama bin Laden, and his deputy Ayman al-Zawahiri, in 1999. From all accounts, this meeting did not go well, and bin Laden and al-Zawahiri agreed that they would have a loose alignment with al-Zarqawi as they felt that he had “rigid views” on the Muslim religion. However, bin Laden and al-Zawahiri believed that Zarqawi had potential influence in the Levant area and they would maintain a relationship to leverage it at a later
How does one region have a prolonged battle for authority, and conflict with the opposing force for eternity? After the Ottoman Empire sided the Central Powers during World War I, they didn’t foresee that they would lose their empire based off of this decision. European countries that won the war came in and partitioned the Middle Eastern region. Soon after the Sykes-Picot Agreement was established, and the Arabs felt betrayed because they weren't granted their deserved independence. The new borders set caused continuous conflict because of the artificial blending of different ethnic and religious groups. International conflicts have contributed to regional conflict in Southwest Asia by forming borders without regards to the different ethnic and religious groups, creation of the state Israel in 1948, and the U.S. being involved in the matters of the Middle
The initiation of the Syrian War was heavily influenced by the (what was supposed to be a peaceful) protest. As well as the many deaths of the Syrian citizens. These conflicts helped citizens realize all the issues that were going on at the time. There were many causes for the violence that went on during the Syrian Civil War. It can be inferred that the three main aspects that fueled the violence of the Syrian War were due to foreign influence, sectarian opposition, and conflicts between opposing groups.
The Triangle Terror Group who were they and what did law enforcement learn from them? In this paper they will provide us with a case study to analyze. We will briefly summarize the case of the Triangle Terror Group. Also an analysis on the rights and wrongs of the operation will be presented, along with other tactics that could have been used to mitigate the threat.
Throughout Junot Díaz's novel, The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao, the text poses concerns with narrative viewpoints, familial history of the Dominican Republic, and most importantly, specifies characters. Díaz introduces characters who are present throughout the entire novel, and others who appear only briefly. Isis, in particular, holds a special place in the novel. Before Díaz introduces Isis, we are introduced to many of her family members who maintain family traditions in both the United States and the Dominican Republic. The order of the text enhances our understanding of Isis as a character. Isis stands out as the next generation of her family by living in a familiar place, New York. Isis, a minor character in The Brief Wondrous Life
Two months before the attacks, Osama bin Laden and his al-Qaeda terrorist organization were already people
*Book Overview:** "Black Flags" is structured chronologically, tracing the origins of ISIS from its roots in al-Qaeda in Iraq to its territorial expansion and eventual decline. Warrick skillfully weaves together historical analysis, firsthand accounts, and geopolitical insights to provide a comprehensive overview of the organization's evolution. While the book offers a detailed examination of ISIS's rise, it avoids overwhelming readers with technical jargon, making it accessible to a wide
People from many countries have joined this group, including Afghanistan, Pakistan and Britain. This paper is going to present a brief historical background of Al Qaeda, how it emerged with their ideology, view, believe, and goals and also it presents the activities which this group has been doing before and after the very massive attack they had in the US on September 11, 2001 and the international responses to this act of violence. Finally, this paper will end up with comparing this Organization (Al Qaeda) with Reverend Mike Bray the Christian terrorist. Historical Background of Al Qaeda Al Qaeda is led by Osama bin Laden, who was born and raised in Saudi Arabia. His family was very rich and respected by Saudi royal household and the public.
What is Daesh/ISIS/ISIL/IS? Daesh originated as an independent entity following a split with its parent organisation, Al Qaeda during the Syrian Civil War. Originally operating under the guise of Jabhat al Nusra (which remains an Al Qaeda affiliate), current Nusra and Al Qaeda leaders Abu Mohammad al-Julani and Ayman al-Zawahiri rejected a merger in 2013 that would have united Al Qaeda, Nusra and ISI (Islamic State in Iraq). Daesh became a successful Wahhabi Salafist splinter group under the leadership of Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, quickly overtaking its parent organisation in terms of territorial control, fighters and resources. Headquartered in Ar-Raqqah, Syria, Daesh now controls swathes of territory in Syria and Iraq, ruling over up to 11 million people.
Al Qaeda's loss of popularity and power is partially the fault of Zawahiri. Praised Al Qaeda member and ISIS critic Abu Muhammad al-Maqdisi said, “From the beginning of his appointment, he lacked direct military and operational control (Malik).” Zawahiri tried to be the leader of a large terrorist organization like Al Qaeda from the isolation of mountains in Afghanistan, but the center of their jihad activity was in Syria and Iraq. Lack of leadership has caused the organizational structure of Al Qaeda to collapse, causing Al Qaeda to run solely off of allegiance. However, Al Qaeda is losing that allegiance. With ISIS gaining more and more power everyday, the once loyal donors of Al Qaeda are now focusing their donations to ISIS, who uses this money to buy the loyalty of many countries and Islamic groups. The gradual death of veteran members is causing a significant downgrade in the actions of Al Qaeda, and more youth pledge their allegiance to Al Qaeda everyday. ISIS is winning these young recruits because the youth wants action, blood, and explosions. They have been waiting on their chance with Al Qaeda, and Zawahiri has done nothing to reassure youth of Al Qaeda’s future
“The trouble is that a praise worthy quest for precision can descend into a flattering of tidy minds at the cost of a realistic grasp of the complexity and interconnectedness that is the story of strategic history.” Colin Gray warns in the opening sentences of the chapter “Irregular Warfare and Terrorism” in his book Another Bloody Century of the dangers of oversimplifying the categories of warfare. To look at warfare as either regular or irregular without being absolutely clear on the definitions of each and the context in which the terms are used is fruitless. Regular forces have been known to use irregular type tactics just as irregular forces have used conventional warfare to reach their political goals. It is imperative then, that the U.S. military forces are trained to fight wars falling on a spectrum of warfare and educated to distinguish the type of war they face. In order to protect national security interests as outlined in the 2014 Quadrennial Defense Review, the U.S. armed forces must rebalance and be capable of conducting operations across the spectrum of conflict in order to win against both a regular and irregular adversary, combating a wide scope of tactics and strategies ranging from terror tactics to full scale, multi-phased conflict against a peer or near peer by maximizing the capability of the force and nation.
ISIS stands for the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria. It is a terrorist group led by Abu Bakr al- Baghdadi. His successors Abu Hamza al-Muhajir and Abu Omr al-Baghdadi were both killed in 2010, where leadership of Al Qaeda in Iraq was passed to Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi. Before the true formation of ISIS, it was led by Jamaat al-Tawhid walJihad during a terrorist training groups of western Afghanistan and relocated to Iraq in 2003. From there the organization rose to wage war against the US under a fugitive Jordanian terrorist, Abu Mus ab al-Zarqawi. In October 2004, he swore his allegiance to Osama bin Laden, al-Qaeda’s leader. From there on the organization was constantly referred to as al-Qaeda in Iraq. He did not pay attention to
Throughout all of world history there has been a constant reoccurrence of international problems corrupting the world and today’s society. A prime example of an international issue would have to be young European girls joining ISIS; otherwise known as Islamic State of Iraq and Syria. They are a radical Jihadist group that has been luring girls from all around Europe in order to become their reproductive machines and poster girls for their terrorist group. They have been using western culture themed propaganda in order to entice these young minds into giving up everything they have for this radical group. They are using these tactics because they know girls of their age are more susceptible to having a quick change in heart. This problem needs
You've seen it everywhere. It's been on the news and social media. You've watched politicians discuss it, talked over it in government classes, even worried about being attacked and reliving 9/11 all over again. What I am talking about is ISIS, also known as the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria. This organization has claimed responsibility for terrorist acts all across the Middle East. Their evil acts strike terror in the hearts of many fleeing refugees. The cruelty of ISIS ranges from car bombings to storming villages and raping their women. Many refugees are given the option of convert to the Sunni of Islam or face death. This was the option given to twenty-one Christians in Egypt and a video was posted to Youtube showing proof of each and every one of their beheadings. Many are asking, what is the role of the United States in all of this? If the United States, along with other countries, were to step in and fight against ISIS, will their actions make a difference or will it make matters worse in the Middle East?
In the world humans are no stranger to injustices. We have too many injustices to count on one hand. They go from politics, human trafficking, racism, and lastly terrorist group. Terrorism is an ongoing issue that has become a part of the public's everyday life. People read about car bombings and shootings practically everyday. The on going violence causes people great anxiety. When the public thought it could not be any worse, greater atrocities have been committed in the name of Islam by a group that calls itself Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS). ISIS distorts the religious beliefs of Islam and attracts the young people around the world to perform their Terrorist attacks. While terrorism has been around, Islamic State of Iraq and Syria
A. Starting in 1948, right in the middle of the Arab-Israeli war, the initiation of the Arab League boycott of Israel was a coherent effort by Arab League member states, whose intention was to isolate Israel financially and economically (Perez). The League ventured effortlessly to prevent Arab states and disincentivize non-Arabs from providing support to Israel or adding to Israel's economic stability. The boycott was also designed to deter Jewish immigration to the region (Consequences of the War). There was a total of 22 Middle Eastern and African countries that supported the boycott and its effort to prevent any and all economic growth in Israel. Throughout the period of this ongoing boycott, many trade barriers have been put in place, limiting trade between Israel and other countries (Slavicek 65).