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Socio economic status and academic achievement
Education and social class inequality
Education and social class inequality
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In the article, ‘“I Need Help!’” Social Class and Children’s Help-Seeking in Elementary School”, Jessica Calarco describes how a family’s social-class background can affect how a child seeks help in a classroom setting. It also utilizes this research to better connect a child’s cultural capital with how and what they can gain from it. It has been shown time and time again that a child’s family and background plays a substantial role in the future of a child. There have been a plethora of studies regarding the idea that students with a higher cultural capital, such as middle-class children, receive more assistance from teachers or rather just simply do better in their classes. It has been demonstrated that many of these middle-class students were instilled with this sense of entitlement and with that they have no fears of being looked down upon because they have been encouraged to speak out. Numerous other studies have also showed how children seem to mimic the persona of their parents. It is well-known that children often attempt to copy their parents, but furthermore they seem to become a certain type of person that fits the “middle-class” mold. These children see how their parents interact with other adults through aspects such as their speech and even dress. This prompts the children to expect the same results when acting in the same manner. The working-class students rarely see how their parents interact with such entitlement either because they do not have the means or the confidence. They in turn remain more timid and less pro-active. The author of this article stresses that there is still a gap between these correlations. She attempts to shed a light on how these self-fulfilling prophecies help the children acquire what th... ... middle of paper ... ...lass students falling behind and being less confident. I think an interesting aspect of this study could have been if it was largely noticeable to the teachers that these working-class students are deliberately remaining quiet when in actuality it would dramatically help them to speak up. Previously in class we had a lecture about education in our society. This lecture stressed the education gaps between students. These gaps were explained in the lecture by the social background of the children’s families. The article from Calarco also tries to explain these gaps by looking at the cultural background. In this paper she referred to the background differences as the cultural capital of the child. This article was very easy to relate to not only because of my own experiences going through the school system but because of the background knowledge from our class lectures.
Capital culture as said above include cultural deprivation which means the basic values, attitudes and skills that are needed for education success through primary socialization in the family. Some cultural deprivation theorists believe that the working class fail to socialize their children sufficiently as they are ‘culturally deprived’. This is when the children don’t have the right equipment for school so they can achieve the best grade and the reason to why they are under- achieving in item A it that critics believe that ‘material factors’ affect the gap in social class the most.
Lareau also reported that many working class and poor parents feel that educators hold the expertise, and usually fear doing the “wrong thing” in school-related matters (Lareau 357). What this usually leads to is trying to maintain a separation between school and home (Lareau 358). Working class and poor parents typically are deferential while middle class parents can be demanding toward school personnel (Lareau 358). More educators want poor and working class parents to be more assertive (Lareau 358). “Put differently, they wish these parents would engage in forms of concerted cultivation” (Lareau 358).
In many low income communities, there are teachers that are careless and provide their students with poor quality education. These teachers are there just to make sure that they keep receiving their monthly paychecks and act in this way because they believe that low income students do not have the drive, the passion, or the potential to be able to make something of themselves and one day be in a better place than they are now. Anyon reveals that in working class schools student’s “Work is often evaluated not according to whether it is right or wrong but according to whether the children followed the right steps.” (3). This is important because it demonstrates that low income students are being taught in a very basic way. These children are being negatively affected by this because if they are always being taught in this way then they will never be challenged academically, which can play a huge role in their futures. This argument can also be seen in other articles. In the New York Times
The novel “Women Without class” by Julie Bettie, is a society in which the cultural you come from and the identity that was chosen for you defines who you are. How does cultural and identity illustrate who we are or will become? Julie Bettie demonstrates how class is based on color, ethnicity, gender and sexuality. The author describes this by researching her work on high school girls at a Central Valley high school. In Bettie’s novel she reveals different cliques that are associated within the group which are Las Chicas, Skaters, Hicks, Preps, and lastly Cholas and Cholos. The author also explains how race and ethnicity correspondence on how academically well these students do. I will be arguing how Julie Bettie connects her theories of inequality and culture capital to Pierre Bourdieu, Kimberle Crenshaw, Karl Marx and Engels but also how her research explains inequality among students based on cultural capital and identity.
In her book, Unequal Childhoods: Class, Race, and Family Life, Annette Lareau argues out that the influences of social class, as well as, race result in unequal childhoods (Lareau 1). However, one could query the inequality of childhood. To understand this, it is necessary to infer from the book and assess the manner in which race and social class tend to shape the life of a family. As the scholar demonstrates, each race and social class usually has its own unique way of child upbringing based on circumstances. To affirm this, the different examples that the scholar presents in the book could be used. Foremost, citing the case of both the White and the African American families, the scholar advances that the broader economics of racial inequality has continued to hamper the educational advancement and blocks access to high-paying jobs with regard to the Blacks as opposed to the Whites. Other researchers have affirmed this where they indicate that the rate of unemployment among the African Americans is twice that of the White Americans. Research further advances that, in contrast to the Whites, for those African Americans who are employed, there is usually a greater chance that they have been underemployed, receive lower wages, as well as, inconsistent employment. This is how the case of unequal childhood based on race comes about; children from the Black families will continue residing in poverty as opposed to those from the white families.
The work children are given in school is mostly based on the social class that the
In fact, family is the bridge of life world. During the family, children learn how to relate with institutions, whether in school officials, healthcare professionals, and assorted government officials. In middle class, children are more on interaction with institutions. Alexander, as an example, learns from his parents that he has the right to speak up and gathering his thoughts in advance when he has to deal with institutions. He interrupts his doctor’s conversation with his mother and asks question to his doctor. By contract, children in working class or poor families frequently seem cautious and constrained. Harold primarily answers questions from his doctor rather than posing his own. Thus, Alexander is assertive and confident in dealing with professional institution unlike Harold who is reserved. Therefore, children’s ability to deal with professional’s institutions is affected by parenting
Teachers tend to disentangle race and culture instead of suture those two. They use “cultural” as a catchall phrase to described cultural students’s misbehavior. In the second piece where it decribes the culture with African American and Whites, Culture and Education. Whites, as political privilege, determine what counts as culture. But, as in the the example that a children from working-class African American was considered as “cultural-deprived.” . In “Whose culture has capital” by Yosso included six types of capital that educational leaders may use to frame their interactions with students. Aspirational capital is defined by Yosso as the “hopes and dreams” students have. She explains that African American and Latina/o students and their families continue to have high educational aspirations despite persistent education inequities. The culture of power as the “norm” as Whites. As Nieto mentioned, “Whites do not experience their culture as a culture, they believe they are “cultureless” because as the sanctioned and high-status culture in which they
In January 2013 a prominent national US newspaper quoted former Secretary of State, Condolezza Rice, “It doesn’t matter where you come from, but where you are going.” However, In “The Land of Opportunity,” James Loewen discusses how significant inequality is in America. The social class that you are born into will influence your outlook on social class and will also be the social class you stay in (Loewen, 1995. 322). Your social class will determine the opportunities available for you including health, fitness, nutrition, education, SAT scores, medical resources and more (Loewen, 1995. 321-322). Loewen also proposes that the education system in America does not incorporate a proper analysis of our social class (Loewen, 1995. 323). It is necessary for students to be realistic about social inequality because it is linked with history. As students, we are socialized from an early age to believe in the American Dream through media and our loved ones. We were raised to believe our merit determines our success. In reality race and ethnicity, class, and gender play vital roles in determining where an individual ends up in life. The following articles raise inconvenient facts that go against the American Dream.
As children, we look to our parents to teach us skills that we need in everyday life, whether it be social skills or how to. Yet for a variety of reasons, some children do not have this personal role model for them to follow and learn from. For these children, their teachers may be the first adult to give them any sort of attention or care. As a result, a teacher can play a huge impact in a young child’s life. The Allentown School District’s high schools are both considered Title I schools, meaning that over 40% of the school’s students come from families that are legally considered low-income (www2.ed.gov). In the ASD, this number is nearly doubled at 88.7% (www.allentownsd.org). Most likely, these students come from homes in which the adults they live with are working most of the day and
The lower class student’s major issue with learning in class is a shortage of confidence based on real or apparent weakness in the home environment. These students often feel undesirable. They are very aware of the class in which they come from and of the place and position people classify them under, they often feel the urge to hide their background. Students that are categorized in this particular class frequently come to school with a lower level of academic skills and involvedness than their peers that are categorized in the midd...
Class is something that is often defined by ones income, job, and family background, the area in which they live or indeed the schools or universities they have chosen to attended. This criteria is used to label people as a certain class and is something that can be seen in education through the likes of theories such as cultural capital. In this essay I am going to compare and contrast differences between middle and working class experiences of education focusing on two main theories; Cultural capital and social reproduction. I am going to concentrate upon the primary sector in oppose to secondary or higher education due to the fact I believe that primary school is where most children develop their personalities which they carry with them in further life and it is their first academic experience; therefore it is where social class first becomes clearly noticeable. In relation to these theories I am going to research into the argument that parents have a strong influence on their child’s education from this young age.
For decades, the United States educational system has provided opportunity for millions of Americans to attend school. However, the gap between the lower income and middle-class students continue to narrow in terms of who will drop out and who would succeed. The articles I chose speak both of issues regarding education and inequality and the growing gap of educational success between the haves and the have nots. In addition, how race and lower class play a large factor on those who succeed and those who do not.The articles also bring to life possible factors such as funding towards a child’s education, in particular the early years, parent involvement and race.
from the same class, and the same goes for middle and high socioeconomic status. This period in a child’s life is cr...
... the wealthier a child’s family is the better school they will attend. This essay does an excellent job of describing the myth of equal opportunity in America. It is obvious from this literary selection that those who are born into wealthier families are set up for success as soon as they begin kindergarten while other children from less fortunate families are simply thrown into working class blue collar positions with little chance for progression to a higher socio-economic class. Education is one of the most important elements within our modern American society. As long as we have this broad spectrum of teaching philosophies and methods, there will always be children with advantages over others. If these differences are evened out, I believe that a reestablishment of a large American middle class is possible, creating a more lucrative and successful nation.