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The scarlet letter new historicism
Realism in Shaw's Major Barbara
The scarlet letter new historicism
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Hypocritical Christianity Exposed in Bernard Shaw's Major Barbara
Bernard Shaw reveals in his plays a type of religious standard that is not unlike Christianity but with what most people see as a stereotypical view of hypocritical Christianity. Shaw's concept of Crosstianity , as he calls it, shows a religion in which the church preaches what the rich and powerful tell it, scoundrels are treated as equals, and punishment is concerned with prosecution rather than salvation. "Poetic justice" rules judicial retribution rather than redemption. Everyone is inherently the same.
The scene in Major Barbara in which Bill Walker is dealt with for his attack on the shelter is revealing about the concepts of Crosstianity. Walker expects that he should be punished equally to his crime and even desires this to relieve his guilt. If Barbara had allowed him to pay for his abuse of Jenny and the old woman monetarily or physically, that would have been Crosstianity. He would have released his guilt and gone on his way without any real change in his moral character. However, Barbara does not ...
The fact that he used the Bible to condemn their actions is important for a few reasons: 1.) these people claimed to be Christian men and women, 2.) the Bible was the premier book of history in those times, and 3.) while the slaveholders and the oppressive race might not have feared the consequences of their actions here on Earth, they surely would have feared the consequences for their actions in the afterlife. Asking “ Have we any other Master but Jesus Christ alone? Is he not their Master as well as ours? -- What right then, have we to obey and call any other Master, but Himself?” (Walker) is asking a loaded question. He’s saying to these men “surely you’re not placing yourself about Jesus Christ, are you?” These people may have been slaveholders, but they never would have considered themselves to be
One theme found lingering in Walker's appeals is religion. It's obvious Walker's route to literacy was through the Bible. The appeals are immersed with citations form the Old and New Testaments. Much of his argument also deals with God in examining the actions of The Christians (Whites). Article III., Our Wretchedness in Consequence of the Preachers of the Religion of Jesus Christ, delves into the actions of the whites and how it contradicts with their so-called beliefs. He wonders how slave owners can murder blacks on Saturday and go to church on Sunday like nothing happened.
Harry S. Stout is the Jonathan Edwards Professor of American Christianity and Professor of History and Religious Studies at Yale University, and is also an author. He received his B.A. from Calvin College, M.A. from Kent State University, and Ph.D. from Kent State University. Professor Stout is the author of several books, including The New England Soul, a Pulitzer Prize finalist for history; The Divine Dramatist: George Whitefield and the Rise of Modern Evangelicalism, which received a Pulitzer Prize nomination for biography as well as the Critic's Award for History in 1991; Dictionary of Christianity in America (of which he was co-editor), which received the Book of the Year Award from Christianity Today in 1990; A Religious History of America (coauthor with Nathan Hatch); and Readings in American Religious History (co-edited with Jon Butler). He most recently contributed to and co-edited Religion in the American Civil War and is currently writing a moral history of the American Civil War. He is also co-editing Religion in American Life, a seventeen-volume study of the impact of religion on American history for adolescent readers and public schools (with Jon Butler). He is general editor of both The Works of Jonathan Edwards and the "Religion in America" series for Oxford University Press. He has written articles for the Journal of Social History, Journal of American Studies, Journal of American History, Theological Education, Computers and the Humanities, and Christian Scholar's Review. He is a contributor to the Concise Encyclopedia of Preaching, Biographical Dictionary of Christian Missions, and the Reader's Encyclopedia of the American West.
Economically black Americans faced disadvantages because they had low wage jobs so they couldn’t afford houses in safe neighbourhoods statistics from the ‘United States Department of the Treasury’ show that blacks were earning a maximum of $3,828 per year whilst whites were earning a minimum
The roles African Americans play on television are not satisfactory. Though the roles have changed during the development of television, the current relationship is not representative of true African American people or their lifestyles. The question is how do the past roles African Americans play in television sitcoms compare to the current roles? How does this affect society’s perception of the African American in American culture? Throughout the history of television the roles and the representation of African Americans has developed with the changing cultural conditions. However, the representation of African American’s has not fully simulated into today’s society. What the average citizen views on his or her television does not accurately portray the African American’s influence on America.
The absolute power of aristocracies is a scourge on society that corrupts minds and imposes too much of an impact on the lives of the majority. At the time when Arthur Miller wrote The Crucible, society was subject to McCarthyism, the unquestionable authoritative force that could and did ruin the lives of those suspected of communism. Yet, of these people who suffered the brunt of punishment from authority, a numerous percentage of them displayed hypocrisy in accusing others out of survival. In The Crucible, Miller reflects this idea of hypocrisy in an environment where unquestionable authority reigns. His work displays the essentiality in rising out of such an insincere state and acting upon what
... of all time, with a protagonist that is plagued with indecision, but spurred by a desire to avenge his father’s death. At the time of the play’s writing, religion was by far the largest influence on the lives of ordinary people, and the protagonist’s defiance of God for most of the play could only end in tragedy.
Alongside a broad spectrum of entertainment, creativity, and exquisite craftsmanship, William Shakespeare’s works exhibit more than an ideal playwright’s masterpieces; they unearth political, social, and even religious agendas. While writing in seventeenth century England, Shakespeare undoubtedly had the church on his mind during many of his writing endeavors. King Lear permits no exceptions. Though it has often been fractured and split into many different realms in order to fit the lenses through which it has been criticized, (such as feminism, psychoanalysis, and cultural materialism) it is evident that King Lear places an exaggerated emphasis on the idea of separation and forgiveness, both of which are extremely stressed concepts within the Bible as well. In her article, “King Lear and the Prodigal Son,” Susan Snyder asserts that King Lear parallels the Biblical parable of The Prodigal son, found within the book of Luke. This parable is regarded as one of Jesus’ most famous parables, as it refers to salvation as something to be obtained by faith rather than good works. The Protestant Reformation marked the first time that this idea had been put to practice within churches, as the former corrupt Catholic Church had been known for selling indulgences to pay for sin. Needless to say, this parable was probably a heavily sought out item during this time in which Shakespeare was writing. Through Cordelia’s meek, mild, and at times gender-reversed portrayal and King Lear’s childish antics and love for immediate gratification, Snyder’s “King Lear and the Prodigal Son” perfectly illustrates the blatant similarities between the play and the parable.
We are all sinners. Although one may try hard not to sin, all humans eventually succumb at some time or another to sin. While people may not able to avoid the fate which awaits them, the power of free will allows people to decide how they will respond to sin. While some may respond with guilt and regret, others may react with a sense of redemption and a renewed sense of responsibility.
Six Week Training Program Reference to seasonal factors. In my six-week training programme I experienced some problems with the weather. We normally associate the English weather with rain, this was not the case because on several occasions the we were training in weather that was getting as high as 30 Celsius which is about 92 Fahrenheit. On the first of many scorching days we weren't prepared for it this led to some poor performances because the weather was so draining on us, after this we were prepared for it we brought liquid with us and tried not to overload on hot days.
The play "Everyman" demonstrates the role and significance of death used in morality plays. A morality play is a drama that uses allegories to personify moral and hypothetical characteristics to help teach an ethical lesson. This type of drama became popular in Europe during the 15th and 16th centuries. Morality plays were used as a transitional step between liturgical drama and secular drama with the attempt to combine the two. The predominant thesis of "Everyman" is how others perceive death, judgment day, and the Lord's return. This play also considers the proper actions one must take to be saved. The origin of this morality play is geared to help the reader understand as well as to clarify any misperceptions one may have about death and judgment day.
Justice a commonly used term throughout history dividing the world into what 's wrong and right.justice is based on honesty, and equality for all. Justice is the fundamental system that keeps control over within our society. Human justice is based solely on god 's laws who categorize the “just” from “unjust”.The bible is used as a set of guidelines given to the world by god for his children to reach their full potential and achieve righteousness. Within the bible the old and new testament are compared and contrasted to show the ideal image of justice and what it takes to achieve while also showing how each testament handles it differently.
Specifically, as it pertains to Christian ideology or its belief system that is constructed and maintained to deal with moral issues in personal experience and social relations (Association of Religion Data Archives, n.d.). The notion of social justice is evident in the Bible and aligns well with Christ’s teachings that form the foundation of the Christian faith (Edwards, p. 12, 2011). In terms of justice, the Bible is clear regarding the expectation of doing and not just talking (Edwards, p. 11, 2011): This is how we know what love is: Jesus Christ laid down his life for us. And we ought to lay down our lives for our brothers and sisters. If anyone has material possessions and sees a brother or sister in need but has no pity on them, how can the love of God be that person? (I John
Marlowe's tragedy stands in a uniquely transformative relationship to the tradition of England's morality plays; more than simply an evolution, the play assimilates, incorporates, and creates new uses for the conventional elements of the morality play. The morality play, the most popular examples of which include Everyman and Mankind, was rooted in the didacticism of medieval Christian theology and developed as a means for the conveyance of Biblical truth to the masses. Its basis, as a literary work, was "an archetypal human perception: the fall out of innocence into experience" (Potter 9).
The play "A view from the Bridge" by Arthur Miller shows the tragic demise of its protagonist "Eddie Carbone" and towards his demise we are presented with two different yet similar concepts; justice and the law. Although the two words usually stand side by side, "A view from the Bridge" shows how they are sometimes not synonymous with one another through: a belief in communal law or community values, the American system of justice and the analogy of settling for half.