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Hyperemesis gravidarum case
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INDEX
1. Hyperemesis Gravidarum
2. Incomplete Abortion
3. Incompetent Cervix
4. Ectopic Pregnancy
5. Hydatiform Mole
6. Rh Incompatibility
7. Iron Deficiency Anemia
8. Neonatal Sepsis
Hyperemesis Gravidarum
1. Definition
a.) Excessive vomiting during pregnancy, that less than 3% of women get.
b.) Something that occurs when pregnant, severe vomiting and nausea that leads to dehydration and weight loss.
c.) This is usually worse between the 9-13th weeks of pregnancy.
2. Cause
The exact cause if thought to be unknown, it is possible it results from:
a.) High blood level of the hormone human chorionic gonadotropin.
b.) Increased estrogen levels.
c.) Pregnant woman that consumes a high-fat diet.
d.) Anxiety.
e.) Infection of
HCG which tells the body that it has produced to much ooestrogen. The body counteracts
Abortion: the deliberate termination of a human pregnancy, most often performed during the first 28 weeks. (Oxford Dictionary)
Preeclampsia is a hypertensive disorder commonly experienced by women in the third trimester of pregnancy. It often presents onset elevated blood pressure, neurological impairments, and persistent headache.
...erone, oestrogen and inhibin, to decrease so the uterus can get ready to get shed the tissues that were produce for the fertilized egg. (Wikipedia)
Hydrocephalus is a genetic disorder commonly described as “water on the brain.” In actuality, this is a condition in which there is an excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), a clear watery fluid that surrounds the space between the brain and spinal cord, in the brain. Normally, the production together with the absorption process of CSF is specifically balanced to ensure that the brain tissue remains buoyant, that nutrients can be delivered and waste removed, and that there is a compensation for changes in intracranial blood volume. Hydrocephalus blocks this balanced flow as well as absorption, and on account of CSF being produced continuously, 16 oz each day to be exact, the blocking creates a surplus of CSF resulting in the said pressure against the brain tissue. The surplus accretion of CSF additionally motivates ventricular dilation in which the gaps between the brain, known as ventricles, abnormally widen.
In most cases becoming pregnant brings happiness and excitement to the eager partners. Imagine showing up at a hospital, rushing, with all hopes of bringing another life into this world to only figure out that there was no baby in the first place. How would one feel devastated, hurt, depressed? Some women imagine she is pregnant, but soon finds out that the symptoms are not caused by a fetus but by a disorder called pseudocyesis. Pseudocyesis is a psychological disorder where the mind tricks the body and causes the female body to have symptoms of a pregnant woman. A women with this disorder have similar symptoms to a lady that is carrying a child; meanwhile, others have the exact same symptoms excluding the unborn. Some of the symptoms are swollen belly, enlarged breast, and sensations of fetal movement. One who feels the need to become impregnated, due to infertility, and miscarriages can cause ones body to fabricate indications of a pregnancy. Pseudocyesis can make a woman change mentally and physically; therefore, these changes can cause one to have depression, anxiety, and psychological disorders.
This can be attributed to excess vomiting, overuse of diuretics, adrenal disease, a large loss of potassium or sodium in a short amount of time, antacids, accidental ingestion of bicarbonate, laxatives, and alcohol abuse (Khan, Cherney, 2017).
Post-partum panic disorder is when the mother experiences panic attacks for the first time in her life.
Hypertrichosis, which is also known as Ambras Syndrome or Werewolf Syndrome, is excess growth of hair on parts of the body. Hypertrichosis can either be generalized meaning it covers the whole body or localized meaning it is only on a certain area. There are three different hair types that may be involved. They include Lanugo (long and silky), Vellus (replace Lanugo after birth except on the scalp and eyebrows), and terminal (course, thick, and pigmented). Generalized can include all three types while acquired usually involves vellus that turn into terminal. Along with being generalized or localized, Hypertrichosis is also separated into congenital or acquired classifications. Congenital means that this disorder was present at birth and may have been caused by mutations in the genes. While acquired means that it became present over time. The cause for congenital is typically genetics while the cause for acquired is influence by medical conditions such as metabolic disorders, cancer or even oral and topical drug treatments. Congenital Hypertrichosis Lanuginosa is thought to be caused by mutations on the eighth chromosome or spontaneous gene mutations. The main sign of Hypertrichosis is excess hair growth, especially in places that hair does not typically grow in. Symptoms of Hypertrichosis may be present because of underlying conditions or chemical imbalances and the side effects of some medications. When a patient is being diagnosed with Hypertrichosis, a Doctor will determine if this was congenital or acquired. Congenital has no cure but acquired are typically triggered by factors that can be reversed or lessened so the Doctor could try to find these triggers. Hypertrichosis can cause cosmet...
Any event during her pregnancy, labour or birth that may lead to the mixing of maternal and fetal blood, also known as sensitising events, This event has many repercussions for the fetus including anaemia due to the destruction of RBCs, Haemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN), oedema, congestive heart failure, neurological damage, jaundice due to increased levels of bilirubin, kernicterus, hydrops fetalia, ictarus gravis neonatorum, fetal death interutero and stillbirth. (Collins. S et al. 2013; Stables. D & Rankin. J 2014).
Many physiological changes occurred at this time. Increased appetite and food intake is a major physiological and behavioral change. This can also lead to behavioral changes such as cravings for certain foods. This can increase chances of developing an eating disorder called Pica. This is when women start eating nonfood items such as clay, dirt or laundry soaps. This increases risk of developing lead poisoning and many other diseases. One intervention that has help women with this disorder is offering powered milk in replacement of laundry starch.(120, Brown) Pregnant women do have social changes such as being too tired to hang around with friends and family. Other issue can be weight gain leading them to have low self-esteem in return causing them to not eat as much and not get all vital nutrition in order to have a healthy pregnancy and
... family members on the dangers of GAS and other microbial infection during and after pregnancy.
“Hyperemesis gravidarum is a relatively rare coniditon, occurring in about 0.3% to 2% of all pregnancies” (Davidson, London, &Ladewig, 2012). It is described as a condition in which nausea and vomiting are so severe that they affect both the mother’s nutritional and hydration status. It is still unknown what specifically causes hyperemesis gravidarum, but it is suggested that the levels of hCG and other pregnancy hormones play a role. Signs and symptoms that the illness is in fact hyperemesis gravidarum, and not just “morning sickness”, include not being able to keep any food down, lightheadedness or fainting, electrolyte imbalances, weight loss, and dehydration. According to Davidson, London, and Ladwig, “The diagnostic criteria for hyperemesis include a history of intractable vomiting in the first half of pregnancy, dehydration, ketonuria, and a weight loss of 5% of prepregnancy weight” (Davidson, London, & Ladewig, ...
This is her menstrual cycle, the shedding of the lining of the uterus which is basically blood
feet and hands, bloated or an upset stomach, downy hair covering the body, low blood pressure,