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Definitions, Purposes & History of Green Belt
Green belt or greenbelt is defined as an area that is reserved for undeveloped or agricultural land to protect the urban areas of large cities. It is an essential element of national planning policy to control the development of urban areas. Green belt is usually laid out in Local Plan by local planning authorities (Green Belt UK Politics, 2009).
Green belt have a series of significant purposes or functions for improving the life quality of humans. For natural environmental aspect, it could protect natural environment, and, to some extent, improve air quality of urban areas. In addition, protecting habitats for wild animals is another function. Green belt provides open space for urban population to access to fresh air. For planning aspect, it is helpful to prevent urban sprawl. Furthermore, the unique character of urban areas, such as the historic towns, could be kept by setting up a green belt. And rural areas are separated from urban areas by green belt. It is aimed at preventing neighbouring towns merging into one another as well (Naturenet, 2007).
The concept of green belt could be dated back to the ancient time. In UK, the first green belt was built by Elizabeth I of England to prevent the spread of plague around the City of London. However, the first true meaning of green belt was not proposed until 1930s. It is known as Metropolitan Green Belt, which is located around London. Since then, it seemed that green belts started to be essential in urban planning. Campaign to Protect Rural England (CPRE) and some other groups push the implementation of green belt policy in UK.

Benefits of Green Belt
Green belt has been proved that people are benefited from the constructio...
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...ble at: http://www.politics-greenbelt.org.uk/criticism-and-disadvantages-of-green-belt-policy.html [Accessed: 6 Dec 2013].
Quilty-Harper, C. 2012. Interactive map: England's green belt - Telegraph. [online] Available at: http://www.telegraph.co.uk/earth/greenpolitics/planning/9708387/Interactive-map-Englands-green-belt.html [Accessed: 6 Dec 2013].
Politics-greenbelt.org.uk. 2009. Benefits of Green Belt Policy. [online] Available at: http://www.politics-greenbelt.org.uk/benefits-of-green-belt-policy.html [Accessed: 7 Dec 2013].
Fawcett, T. 2010. Green Belts: A greener future (summary) - Campaign to Protect Rural England. [online] Available at: http://www.cpre.org.uk/resources/housing-and-planning/green-belts/item/1955-green-belts-a-greener-future-summary [Accessed: 8 Dec 2013].
Amati, M. 2008. Urban green belts in the twenty-first century. Aldershot, England: Ashgate.
American Green has entertaining anecdotes, but should be considered more of a light read than as an authoritative work of non-fiction. This book may be enjoyed by environmentalists who want to know more about the impact that lawns have on the environment or for someone who truly is obsessed with his or her lawn and wants to learn about others who share this obsession. Steinberg’s goals may have been lofty, to prove a nationwide obsession, but his arguments and assumptions created a book that cannot be taken seriously.
Ponting, Clive. Ch.11 from "A Green History of the World," St. Martins Press, NYC, 1991
Nicholas Rothwell, 2000, ‘A farming we will grow’, Land Conservation, Justin Healey (ed.), The Spinney Press, New South Wales, page 6.
Gavin, Hector. Sanitary Ramblings, being Sketches and Illustrations of Bethnal Green, a Type of the Condition of the Metropolis and other Large Towns. London: Cass, 1971.
The city borders the West Midlands and Warwickshire Green Belts, which prevent Coventry from merging with adjacent towns (Coventry, 2014). The Green Belt policy was introduced in the UK with the aim of restricting uncontrollable urban growth, which could have led to far-reaching devastating consequences. Once destroyed, it would be rather difficult, if not impossible, to revive the countryside. Nowadays, the large green open areas serve mostly as outdoor recreational centres, but also as popular tourist attractions due to their breathtaking landscapes. Finally, benefits of the policy are twofold in that it protects both urban and rural population (Green Belt (United Kingdom), 2014).
Rapidly changing human activity within the Stratford since 1867 to this present day puts huge pressures on the natural environment's ability to adapt and change. These may be further complicated by the influences of climate change, such as extremes in weather. These bar graphs above show the changes in land use over one hundred and forty seven years.
The green revolution began in the 1970’s in Malaysia. It was brought about by an advance in technology, a new form of high yielding seeds. These new seeds led to the ability to double crop, or have more than one crop yield per season. Also, many of the large farmers opted to bring in combine harvesters to increase the speed at which they could harvest, making it easier for them to double crop. These new technologies may seem economically beneficial to all if viewed by the untrained observer. However, those who benefited were few. These new developments only benefited the wealthiest in society, consequently leaving the poor even poorer for many reasons.
GIS has an ability to convert diverse and complex amounts of data into more simple and easy to-read and access maps and information. With the rapid expansion and development of the Internet and World Wide Web, the Web-GIS (web geographical information system) has become more popular (Kou-gen et al, 2000). By using Internet GIS applications, users may view, analyze and download spatial information from anywhere at desired time. Web-GIS has an emphasis on analysis and processing of project specific geospatial data (Schuble, 1990).
Actually, the origin of Garden City idea was developed by Ebenezer Howard in the 19th century and is known for his Publication Garden Cities of Tomorrow (1898) , the description of a utopian city in which people live harmoniously together with nature. The publication resulted in the founding of the garden city movement that realized several Garden Cities in Great Britain at the beginning of the 20th century. He had no training in urban planning or design but excelled in creating places which he called “magnets” where people would want to come to reside and work. Garden City concept was an effective response for a better quality of life in over crowded and dirty industrial towns which had deteriorated the environment and posed serious threat to health.
Urbanization has to deal with the construction of new modernized construction and the use of technology, in total it means advancing from the local to make modernized place and an industrial site. Also it includes the construction of infrastructural buildings, infrastructural buildings are buildings that are constructed for the betterment of the country for the people it includes hospital, schools, bridges, water supplies and different other buildings. Most of the land were covered by the trees, and they only few people living there, in order to develop a modernized place, or an urbanized place, construction needs to be made. In the determination of making an urbanized place where factories and all could be done, practice such as deforestation is done. Lands that were filled with tees are then cutting in order to satisfy the project of urbanization. The urbanized places are still developing which increases the rate of
Kneidel, Sally, and Sadie Kneidel. Going Green: A Wise Consumer's Guide to a Shrinking Planet. Golden, CO: Fulcrum Pub., 2008. Print.
D.C.Macmillan 2000, ‘An economic case for land reform’ Land use policy, vol. 17 no.1, pp 49-57. Available from: Sciencedirect. [13 April 2011].
Green Revolution refers to an agricultural renovation that pertains to research and practices which used modified crops, proper irrigation and modern agricultural technology. Through the Green Revolution, agricultural production increased massively all over the world. Despite the success of the Green Revolution, there are still qualms on whether it is actually good or not.
In order to sustain the urban area, regional planner can create an environmentally friendly and sustainable city so that the next generation can meet their own needs. Eco-friendly cities have become a trend in most of the country and they do attract people because of their green environment, a balanced of mixed use of land and low energy consumption and low carbon of energy and transport. The concept is new township. Planner creates a new township to balance the region. This new idea of the city can protect the environment. In Malaysia, Eco World and Forest City in Johor Bharu are the residential area and city with the eco idea are built and it can attract people to come and buy the houses because of the appearance of the house and the landscape design.
Green road concept encourages the optimum uses of the local resources in the form of the local labour, local materials and local finance. Suitable construction techniques are applied by using mainly local construction materials like excavated stone, chips, soil, plants, etc. and locally produced tools and low cost intermediate equipment where possible which is suitable wheelbarrows and appropriate drilling equipment, etc.