Homeostasis: Internal Control System

Homeostasis is the ability to maintain a constant internal environment in response to environmental change both internally and externally. It is maintained by having multiple feedback control systems in the body. The control systems depend on the different organs that work together to determine whether or not the control system needs to be used. The most common feedback control system is the negative loops. Negative feedback loops are more common and returns conditions to the set point after the controller (usually the brain) sends messages to the effectors in the negative feedback control system. In addition to negative feedback loops, some biological systems use positive feedback loops. Positive feedback control systems are rare and enhances

They consist of 5 stages of communication that occurs in the body. The stimulus is the factor being regulated. It produces change in the body in response to the change of the external environment. The change is then detected by the receptor also known as the sensor. The sensory nerves or organs receive information from the environment and sends it to the control centre where the controller is located. The controller co-ordinates information if more or one receptor is involved and sends out instructions. The controller is usually the brain and it has a predetermined set point. The controller measures the internal environment against the set point. Signals are then sent to the effector which are usually the glands, muscles and organs in the body. The result of the effector is the response. This response helps maintain a constant environment in homeostasis and returns the condition to the set

Glucose is a sugar that plays an important role for the survival of humans. Body cells require a constant supply of glucose which is what the body uses as a source of energy to be able to complete daily routines and activities. Glucose molecules are broken down to produce Adenosine triphosphate molecules which is also known as ATP. ATP molecules are rich in energy and can be used in processes such as aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration or even fermentation. Glucose is important for cells as some cells rely purely on glucose to produce ATP. It also supplies almost all of the energy used by the brain therefore, the regulation of blood glucose is extremely important to the maintenance of the human body. Without blood glucose regulation, humans risk themselves from developing more diseases/disorders and death. If the homeostatic control process is disturbed resulting in failure of the feedback control systems involved with blood glucose regulation, then damage to or death of the mammal can occur. For the human body, the disturbance within the process usually leads to unwanted diseases/disorders. Diabetes is caused by a broken feedback loop and affects the regulation of blood glucose. It is a disorder that is commonly found in human beings. A person is diagnosed with diabetes when their pancreas is unable to produce enough insulin or when body cells stop