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Hitlers consolidation of power
Hitler's totalitarian rule
Hitler's domestic and foreign policy
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From the time Hitler and the Nazi’s took control of Germany in 1933 until the collapse of the Third Reich in 1945, the aim of the regime under the calculating guidance of Hitler himself sought no less than global conquest. This ambitious objective can be further dissected into short term and long term goals that provide insight into Hitler’s character, thoughts and actions.
Hitler’s extreme sense of nationalism and his perception that great nations are identified by their military power and their cultural contributions must have weighed heavily on his mind when he considered the state of the Germanic people throughout history. Hitler thought highly of the classical civilizations of Rome and Greece, especially their architectural and artistic contributions to society, yet his own people had few comparable achievements, either artistically or in terms of conquest, which the Romans had also done effectively. Rectifying this, at least for Hitler, required military and political action that dwarfed Germany’s best efforts even during the First World War. Additionally, upon the establishment of a powerful new German empire, Hitler wanted “to create a German culture state where the arts were supreme and where he could construct his buildings, hold art shows, stage operas, encourage artists and promote the music, painting and sculpture he loved.” (Spotts, 9) Hitler’s main aspiration was to create a neo-classical state that would be the dominant power in a new world order; one which placed heavy emphasis on culture, race and the spatial needs of the German people. These ambitions resulted in German rearmament, expansion and the mass murder and internment of Jews, “gypsies,” Slavs and other “inferior” races and peoples.
Germany’s policies...
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.... On the question of peace, one of Hitler’s close confidants Rudolph Hess wrote:
World peace is certainly and ideal worth striving for; in Hitler’s opinion it will be realizable only when one power, the racially best one, has attained complete and uncontested supremacy. That power can then provide a sort of world police, seeing to it at the same time that the most valuable race is guaranteed the necessary living space.” (Weinberg, 28)
It is in this light that we can clearly see Hitler as a man motivated by more than a few limited objectives for Germany’s future. It is unlikely that he would have settled on the submission of France and Britain and the conquest of Eastern Europe and Russia. It is far more likely that he would have continued to pursue wars of conquest throughout Africa, and eventually the Western hemisphere given the proper opportunities.
Hauner, Milan. "Did Hitler Want World Dominion?" Journal of Contemporary History 13.1 (1978). JSTOR. Web. 19 Mar. 2010.
Gottfried, Ted, and Stephen Alcorn. Nazi Germany: The Face of Tyranny. Brookfield, CT: Twenty-First Century, 2000. Print.
Adolf Hitler, the leader of Nazi Germany, acquired his power through diplomacy and his words drove him to the top and brainwashed the German people into believing in a senseless war. Liesel the protagonist of The Book Thief, has reoccurring night terrors that show the real meaning of pain because of the war. And Brigitte Eicke, a teenager in Germany during the war, shows how exactly it effected in life on a day to day basis and how much she was influenced by the Nazis. During World War II death lingered in the air and the world was going through hard times, a country had been brainwashed to believe lies and the world had not seen anything the true horrors of war yet. People were witnessing the Holocaust, persecution, racism on a global scale and nothing was being done to stop it. Because of things like The Book Thief, these ideas are being presented in a such a way that they shouldn 't be real. People all over the world try on a daily basis to get rid of things like genocide or persecution, but the only way to stop it is to educate the rest of the world that isn 't putting any effort into the cause. The world needs to change to start believing in a peaceful world and that will only happen if everyone takes a part in making the world a better place. I believe that the world has the potential to be a great place, but things like World War II and the Holocaust have proven me wrong. I think if we were ever going to live in a perfect world, we all have to start working together for peace. For world with no violence, a world with no crime, a place ridden of everything
3. Once the war began, Germany developed a clear set of aims, already discussed before the war, to gain large territorial gains in central and eastern Europe, very similar to Hitler’s later craving for Lebensraum (‘living space’) in eastern Europe
Hitler's Aims and Actions as the Cause of World War II When considering the reasons for the outbreak of war in 1939 it is easy to place the entire blame on Hitler’s aggressive foreign policy in the late 1930s. One British historian, writing a few years after the end of the war, claimed that ‘the Second World War was Hitler’s personal war, in that he intended it, he prepared for it, he chose the moment for launching it.’ In this assignment it is my intention to show that Hitler’s foreign policy was a major factor in causing the conflict but that other reasons, both long term and short term, need to be recognised as well. Probably the first factor that need considering is the Treaty of Versailles, of 1919.
After Germany lost World War I, it was in a national state of humiliation. Their economy was in the drain, and they had their hands full paying for the reparations from the war. Then a man named Adolf Hitler rose to the position of Chancellor and realized his potential to inspire people to follow. Hitler promised the people of Germany a new age; an age of prosperity with the country back as a superpower in Europe. Hitler had a vision, and this vision was that not only the country be dominant in a political sense, but that his ‘perfect race’, the ‘Aryans,’ would be dominant in a cultural sense. His steps to achieving his goal came in the form of the Holocaust. The most well known victims of the Holocaust were of course, the Jews. However, approximately 11 million people were killed in the holocaust, and of those, there were only 6 million Jews killed. The other 5 million people were the Gypsies, Pols, Political Dissidents, Handicapped, Jehovah’s witnesses, Homosexuals and even those of African-German descent. Those who were believed to be enemies of the state were sent to camps where they were worked or starved to death.
The debate as to whether Hitler was a ‘weak dictator’ or ‘Master of the Third Reich’ is one that has been contested by historians of Nazi Germany for many years and lies at the centre of the Intentionalist – Structuralist debate. On the one hand, historians such as Bullock, Bracher, Jackel and Hildebrand regard Hitler’s personality, ideology and will as the central locomotive in the Third Reich. Others, such as Broszat, Mason and Mommsen argue that the regime evolved out from pressures and circumstances rather than from Hitler’s intentions. They emphasise the institutional anarchy of the regime as being the result of Hitler’s ‘weak’ leadership. The most convincing standpoint is the synthesis of the two schools, which acknowledges both Hitler’s centrality in explaining the essence of Nazi rule but also external forces that influenced Hitler’s decision making. In this sense, Hitler was not a weak dictator as he possessed supreme authority but as Kershaw maintains, neither was he ‘Master of the Third Reich’ because he did not exercise unrestricted power.
Hitler got everything he wanted for so long, without even having to resort to force. Lukacs describes Hitler as ''being an amateur at generalship, but he posessed the great professional talent applicable to all human affairs: an understanding of human nature and the understanding of the weaknesses of his opponents. That was enough to carry him very far''(3). Lukacs wants to make that a point in all of his readers' minds; that Hitler could manipulate people so he could get what he wanted without resorting to violence.
...er of dividing and attacking his enemies one by one. He would win over people with tempting promises. In conclusion Racism,National pride and peer pressure played a major role in the German peoples participation in or indifference’s towards the state-sponsored genocide and murders in Germany.
Examinations of Hitler's role in the formulation of Nazi foreign policy and his goals of that foreign policy leads to questions of the limits of his goal of Lebensraum. This introduces the debate between 'globalists' and 'continentalists'. Expanding on Trevor-Roper's emphasis on Hitler's goals of Lebensraum, historian Gunter Moltmann argued that Hitler's aims were not confined to Europe but at world domination. Andreas Hillgruber expands on this idea with his concept of a three-stage plan he calls the Stufenplan as the basis for Nazi foreign policy. This plan involved Germany gaining mastery over Europe, followed by the Middle East and British colonial territory, and later the USA and with that the entire world.
...reak of the second world war depends therefore on whether Hitler had the genuine intention to conquer the world (‘Hitlocentric interpretation’) or was simply a master of opportunism (‘Revisionist historians’). Whereas some argue that appeasement and the Munich agreement caused the outset of the war, ‘Revisionist historians’ assert that the radical change of policy which occurred after the invasion of Poland was a great opportunity that Hitler did not hesitate to seize. This evaluation is therefore more ideological than empirical since the lack of convincing evidence impede historians to reach a consensus. However, blaming Chamberlain for the beginning of the war is unreasonable since he did not have access to the information we have — interpretation of the pas could be influenced by the moral judgements some would have when examining Hitler’s actions (Taylor, 1963).
MODERN HISTORY – RESEARCH ESSAY “To what extent was Nazi Germany a Totalitarian state in the period from 1934 to 1939?” The extent to which Nazi Germany was a totalitarian state can be classed as a substantial amount. With Hitler as Fuhrer and his ministers in control of most aspects of German social, political, legal, economical, and cultural life during the years 1934 to 1939, they mastered complete control and dictation upon Germany. In modern history, there have been some governments, which have successfully, and others unsuccessfully carried out a totalitarian state. A totalitarian state is one in which a single ideology is existent and addresses all aspects of life and outlines means to attain the final goal, government is run by a single mass party through which the people are mobilized to muster energy and support.
Hitler believed in reunifying Germany and creating a stronger sense of nationalism. If this essay was supposed to have been written in September 1919, Germany would have lost WWI and the Treaty of Versailles would have been signed only three months earlier. Hitler was a very enthusiastic participant in WWI and was even awarded the Iron Cross for his bravery. One can infer from this that Hitler would have been deeply disappointed by Germany’s loss of WWI. Source makes no mention of WWI or Germany. Thought it speaks of European culture, it never
Even though most everyone’s perception of Hitler as an maniacal lunatic is quite universal, shedding light on a few unknown facts about the controversial man might lead to giving more understanding as to why he committed genocide instead of the hate without comprehension of what he had been through. While Hitler has committed innumerable atrocious acts of war during his time as Reich, many events during his rising up caused him to become the tyrannical murderer he is, such as his relationship with his father, his early childhood education, and his struggle in Vienna.
Ian Kershaw’s biography on Adolf Hitler 1889-1936 Hubris is a very comprehensive account on his rise to power. Ian Kershaw in his book pursues to put Hitler in his applicable historical context, including the wider history of the formation of the Third Reich as well as Hitler’s life and rise to power, allowing Hubris to be read as a history of both.