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What are the important features of refrigerator
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History of the Refrigerator
Back in time a long time ago, around 500 B.C. the Egyptians and Indians made ice on cold nights by setting water out in earthenware pots and keeping the pots wet. In the 18th century England, servants collected ice in the winter and put it into icehouses, where the sheets of ice were packed in salt, wrapped in strips of flannel and stored underground to keep them frozen until summer. Before the refrigerator or "ice box" was introduced people used snow and ice to keep their food cool, which was either found locally or brought down from the mountains. Cellars and caves were also used to refrigerate food. Meat and fish were preserved in warm weather by salting or smoking. The first cellars were holes dug into the ground and lined with wood or straw and packed with refrigeration for most of history.
At the beginning of the 19th century, ice boxes were used in England. These ice boxes were typically made of wood, lined with tin or zinc and insulated with various materials including cork, sawdust or seaweed. They were used to hold blocks of ice and refrigerate food. Ice was delivered as needed (people simply hung the "Ice Today" sign in their window for the delivery man) and a drip pan collected the melted water which then had to be emptied daily.
Natural ice was harvested, distributed and used in both commercial and home applications in the mid-1800s. The ice trade between Boston and the South was one of the first casualties of the Civil War. Warm winters in 1898 and 1890 created severe shortages of natural ice in the U.S. This stimulated the use of mechanical refrigeration for the freezing and storage of fish and in the brewing, dairy and meat packing industries. During the nineteenth...
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...o preserve meat was to salt it, and iced beverages in the summer were a real luxury. Now, the fridge is one of the most common home appliances in everyone's home.
Works Cited Page
Bunch, Bryan and Alexander Hellemans. The Timetables of Technology: A Chronology of the Most Important People and Events in the History of Technology. New York: Simon & Simon, 1993.
Donald Clarke, Mark Dartford, How it works: The illustrated Encyclopedia of Science and Technology, Volume 15, Marshall Cavendish Inc / January 1977.
"The History of the Refrigerator (including Freezers)" http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/blrefrigerator.htm (2 September 2001).
"History of the Refrigerator"
http://www2.whirlpool.com/html/homelife/cookin/cookref5.htm (2 September 2001).
"Eloctrolux Fridge Histroy"
http://www.eletrolux.com/node218.asp (3 September 2001).
One of the most important structures to the Native American tribes of Western New York is the longhouse. This structure built only of wood. These structures allowed for these people to stay warm throughout winters that could be as harsh as any we have seen. The masterly crafted houses provided warmth in the winter and in the summers allowed for the air to flow through and keep the house cool. Without these houses, the tribes of New York would not have survived.
The body had been so well preserved because of the depth that the Iceman was actually lying in the ground, which was near the watershed (watershed meaning a line of high land where streams on one side flow into one river or sea and streams on the other side flow into another.) This meant that a glacier would be able to develop above him throughout the next millennia without moving his position down hill. In this position he was able to remain buried, frozen, covered and protected by the cold over a period of 5,300 years as the worlds oldest, best preserved natural mummy.
The Web. The Web. 04 Feb. 2010. http://www.shmoop.com/wwi/science-technology.html>. "
The Little Ice Age was a period of time in which parts of Europe and North America were exposed to colder winters than those generations before and after. This phase lasted a surprisingly long time from around the 1300’s to about 1870. Although it is not considered to be a full on “ice age”, it is said to have many effects on history including important roles on defining how we currently live today.
Seabrook, John. "Annals of Invention The Flash of Genius." The New Yorker 11 January 1993. web.
When did the world begin? This question and many others has yet to be answered. Some of the information on refrigeration as early has the stone age and ice age has sounded as more like theories than facts. Caves and even ice blocks seemed to be the best source of refrigeration/food preservation to keep their left over
The pioneers stored their food in some different ways, being close to how we store it now. The most popular way to store food was to can it. They would cram their food in glass jars in order to make it fit. Once the food was placed into the jars the pioneers corked the jars till it was air tight. You still today can put food in cans to keep it from going bad. Another way they stored their food was put in an ice box. An ice box acted as a refrigerator
...forest is to be opened up for extensive industrial development and metropolitan prosperity. Therefore, “dry ice cans” surpasses all possible ideas ever established in its social and economical benefits for the general wealth of the people.
These materials were either gathered from the mountains, or were provided locally. For most of history, cellars were holes dug into the ground, covered with ice and lined with either wood or straw. The first known artificial system of refrigeration was demonstrated by William Cullen in 1805; however, he did not use it for any practical purpose. It was not till later when Oliver Evans, an American inventor, designed the first actual refrigeration machine in 1948. As more years past by, it was built and brought to life.
Food stuffs were stored in food store houses, which were built in thousands empires. Mostly arranged in rows and around populated areas or large estates. The Incas kept a close eye on the people that were using the quipi which was a recording device using knots and strings. They were single rooms that were made out of cobblestone, they were either circular or rectangular. There were placed more on hill sides so they could use the cool breezes to their advantage. They had gravel flooring and ventilation in the roof and in the floor to keep the interior as dry and as cool as it could be. With all of the cooling foods could be stored up to two years in the storage rooms.
The origins of ice cream go way back to the 4th century B.C. In the 13th century, Marco Polo learned of the Chinese method of creating ice and milk mixtures and brought it back to Europe. It became a fashionable treat in Italy and France.
Sanders, Ralph. (2000). Technology in a Paradigm Century. Available: http://www.cosmosclub.org/web/journals/2000/sanders.html. Last accessed 2nd Feb 2013.
The history of ice cream goes all the way back to the Fourth century B.C. Early allude to this amazing delicacy involve the Roman emperor Nero (A.D. 37-68) who demanded ice to be brought down from the mountains and merged it with fruit toppings, and King Tang (A.D. 618-97) of Shang, China who had a stroke of genius to creating ice and milk combinations. Ice cream was most likely token over from China back to Europe. Over time, recipes for ices, sherbets, and milk ices progressed and were distributed in the well liked Italian and French royal courts. After the dessert was imported to the U.S., it was distributed by many well-known Americans. George Washington and Thomas Jefferson served it to their guests. In 1700, Governor Bladen of Maryland was recorded as having served it to his guests. In 1774, a London caterer named Philip Lenzi announced in a New Y...
Brain, Marshall. “How Microprocessors Work.” HowStuffWorks. Discovery Communications LLC, 14 Feb. 2011. Web. 13 Feb. 2011. .
Nowadays, refrigeration and freezing had become the most popular method for food preservation. It is a desirable way to preserve food because at low temperatures which around –10°C to –25°C, chemical reactions very slowly thus it will make the bacteria in food hard to survive.