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History of Children's Clothing
In relation to history children’s clothing is relative new idea. The different fashions for children nowadays were none existent until very late in history. Children are full of original sin so must be taught to be god fearing good Christians; hence their growing up was encouraged vigorously .
Children began imitation of adults at an early age. They were dressed as adults as soon as possible and encouraged to act mature.
In Tudor times little is known about children’s lives through records because not worth recording high enfant mortality rate. The average age of death was thirty years old. At the age of seven to nine children forced into adult life, so little records are show of children . There were very little portraits done for children and what exists show small versions of adults.
Babies were normally wrapped in swaddling clothes, they believed that wrapping babies would protect them from falls and help straighten legs and spine. It was also convenient for people to carry the babies around relatively more safely and if needed they were sometime hung up or a peg.
However, this constricted the baby and was not good for the physical growth.
They were some that even died of convulsions. These clothes were about six inches wide and ten to twelve feet long . Supposedly the tighter a child was wrapped the better arms were frequently bond as well.
Children are kept in these swaddling clothes until they are taught to use their limbs . Teaching them is at the caretaker’s discretion and not depending on the baby’s readiness, babies wore these clothes from six months to one year. The child was about to move their limbs when their clothes were changed, for example, when babies soiled themselves.
As time progress swaddling clothes become more elaborate. Clothes were sometimes worn over the swaddling clothes. During Tudor times, there were several different clothes needed to wrap a baby (for the wealthy). In the case of the children of James the III, the children wore shirt, a square band “bed”, which bounded from the breast to the feet and up again, a long band of swaddling clothes (roller) and tube waistcoat that bound the arms, and roller ad a blanket.
In England, in the Sixteenth Century, swaddling clothes were used limitedly. There are only bound for the first several months and there are put in d...
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...orn during this time but it had many changes for example the crown was raising, widening and loosening. Ribbons and frills were added matching the colour of the sash. The cap become less full at the crown and after a while were small, close-fitting and had narrower frills were added. Many girls were wearing bonnets or hats by 1820. Young girls wore pumps, which were more rounded while the older girls wore the same shoes as their mother.
After the early nineteenth century children began to have more identity in their clothing. The styles were changing more rapidly and the difference in clothing between boys and girls were greater. Children were not forced to grow up as quickly for medicine was improving and they were not need to procreate sooner. Their clothes were not adult like as soon as possible like before.
Bibliography
Buck, Ann Clothes and the Child Holmes and Meier Publishers Inc. NewYork: 1996
Cunninton, Phillis and Buck, Ann Children’s Costume in England W&J Mackay & Co. Ltd, Chatham Kent: 1965
Ewing, Elizabeth History of Children’s Costumes Charles Scribner’s Son’s New York
Rose, Clare Children’s Clothes Since 1750 B.T Batsford Limited, London:1998
The 19th century was a transition for wedding dress. There were many influential events happened over the century. Brides’ preferences for their wedding dresses changed as industrial-made fabrics became cheaper, dyes became brighter, and laundering became less arduous. However, the most significant impact was royal weddings. Magazines were willing to provide advice and illustrations. The development of photography also provided an opportunity to capture the royal weddings in the middle of the 19th century. The influence of the royal weddings can not only be seen in the color of the dress, but also in the whole fashion trend.
After the 19th amendment was added to the constitution the fashion began to become something important to the women.
As I have progressed through this class, my already strong interest in animal ethics has grown substantially. The animal narratives that we have read for this course and their discussion have prompted me to think more deeply about mankind’s treatment of our fellow animals, including how my actions impact Earth’s countless other creatures. It is all too easy to separate one’s ethical perspective and personal philosophy from one’s actions, and so after coming to the conclusion that meat was not something that was worth killing for to me, I became a vegetarian. The trigger for this change (one that I had attempted before, I might add) was in the many stories of animal narratives and their inseparable discussion of the morality in how we treat animals. I will discuss the messages and lessons that the readings have presented on animal ethics, particularly in The Island of Doctor Moreau, The Dead Body and the Living Brain, Rachel in Love, My Friend the Pig, and It Was a Different Day When They Killed the Pig. These stories are particularly relevant to the topic of animal ethics and what constitutes moral treatment of animals, each carrying important lessons on different facets the vast subject of animal ethics.
Foer, Jonathan Safran. Eating Animals. ebook ed. New York: Little, Brown and Company, 2009. PDF file.
Norcross, Alastair. “Puppies, Pigs, and People: Eating Meat and Marginal Cases.” Philosophical Perspectives 18, (2004): 229-245.
Back in the twelfth century Philippe Aries argued that in Medieval times there was barely any place for childhood in sense that Medieval art lacked the portrayal of, or did not care to include, how children were raised, educated, clothed, etc. In support to his argument, Ariés stated “Yet, the miniaturist has grouped had grouped around Jesus what are obviously eight men, without any of the characteristics of childhood; they have simply been depicted on a smaller scale” (Ariés pg. 9). This quote states that children were sometimes depicted in these paintings yet, they were still absent from the illustrations. That is because children appeared as men with fully developed masculine features, but are reduced to a smaller scale than the
Fashion in the elizabethan era was very important there were even laws made, only allowing certain classes to wear certan things. This law was called the sumptuary law and there were even punishments towards the people who want to go against the fashion law. Even if you were of a noble class child you did not have the option to choose what you would wear. During the medieval era children's clothing declared a familyes status and occupation. This being so, there were certain colors,fabrics,accessories and shoes allowed for a certain class. A child wearing a certain color declared a familyes status in the fuedal system.
Since Michael Pollan received his Master’s Degree in English (“Michael Pollan: Biography”), he has written top shelf extraordinary books, some of which are New York Times Best Sellers: Food Rules: An Eater’s Manual, The Omnivore’s Dilemma: A History of Four Meals, and many others (“About Michael Pollan”). Michael’s writing has won awards such as the World Conservation Union Global Award and the Genesis Award from the American Humane Association for his writing on animal agriculture (“About Michael Pollan”); therefor is credible enough to be writing about food and animals because he has been awarded in this subject. Moreover, Pollan is named one of Time’...
In the book Eating Animals by Jonathan Safran Foer, the author talks about, not only vegetarianism, but reveals to us what actually occurs in the factory farming system. The issue circulating in this book is whether to eat meat or not to eat meat. Foer, however, never tries to convert his reader to become vegetarians but rather to inform them with information so they can respond with better judgment. Eating meat has been a thing that majority of us engage in without question. Which is why among other reasons Foer feels compelled to share his findings about where our meat come from. Throughout the book, he gives vivid accounts of the dreadful conditions factory farmed animals endure on a daily basis. For this reason Foer urges us to take a stand against factory farming, and if we must eat meat then we must adapt humane agricultural methods for meat production.
In this paper I will look at the argument made by James Rachels in his paper, The Moral Argument for Vegetarianism supporting the view that humans should be vegetarians on moral grounds. I will first outline the basis of Rachels’ argument supporting vegetarianism and his moral objection to using animals as a food source and critique whether it is a good argument. Secondly, I will look at some critiques of this kind of moral argument presented by R. G. Frey in his article, Moral Vegetarianism and the Argument from Pain and Suffering. Finally, I will show why I support the argument made by Frey and why I feel it is the stronger of the two arguments and why I support it.
Everyone in the age would always wear extremely modest clothing. The common garment for a man was the robe gathered at the waist, completed by hose and soft sandals. The same was for the woman, except their dress extended to the feet. The most common materials used to make clothing were linen and woolens, though...
Early 19th century clothing for women was designed for style and beauty, sadly, this left practicality, safety and comfort completely out of the picture. Corsets, which were worn to slim the waist and lift the chest, presented many serious health concerns for women. These vices that women wore on their bodies increased their blood pressure and made breathing very difficult. Fainting was so commonplace that a fainting couch was designed and present in most households Prolonged wearing of corsets weakened back and stomach muscles to the point that some women, who had worn corsets for many years, struggled to hold themselves upright without them. If cinched to tightly, they had the power to bruise the internal organs and push them out of alignment, causing sever health issues. (Berkowe)
Before the 1700’s, what we today understand as “childhood” and the innocence that comes with it did not exist because of extreme poverty and high infant mortality rates. It was normal for children to help with labour, be at parties with adults and even dress and have the same postures as adults. Medieval childhood mostly undifferentiated from adulthood until the industrial revolution. With the emergence of a larger middle class and disposable income, toy stores, schools and even houses built with nurseries were established. Thus, childhood was discovered and “increasingly, the child became an object of respect, and a s...
middle of paper ... ... It also analyzed the influences of modern dresses. As Palmer and Clark (2005) mentioned earlier, both decades are the classic era in fashion history.
“I always knew that becoming a vegetarian would help prevent cruelty to animals but I was not aware of the environmental consequences of a meat-eating diet.” writes Lillie Ogden, a writer for the popular recipe magazine, Vegetarian Times. The first part of her statement, about “cruelty to animals” is a familiar argument, and generally the one that surrounds the case for adopting a vegetarian or vegan lifestyle. However, this exhausted argument is ineffective in actually changing anyone’s eating habits. You can show me as many videos of suffering farm animals as you want, but that argument isn’t going to change the fact that at the end of the day I’m still going to enjoy a juicy, medium-rare steak. The reason being isn’t that I’m not a empathetic person or that I