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Alzheimer's disease symptoms essay
Alzheimer's disease symptoms essay
Alzheimer's disease symptoms essay
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When diagnosed with probable Alzheimer's disease the effect of plagues and tangles are now starting to be seen in many ways including, memory loss in which individuals may have trouble learning new information and consistently ask the same question multiple times, along with disorientation which is an indication that the Hippocampus is being affected by plagues and tangles. The Hippocampus is usually one of the first areas affected by the disease (Brayne, 2014). Once the disease spreads to the Hypothalamus some of the symptoms that may become evident are functions that are effected by different hormones such as, hunger, sleep, temperature regulation, sex drive and mood swings (Baloyannis, Mavroudis, Mitilineos, Baloyannis & Costa, 2014). Finally, the amygdala which is in the same area as the hippocampus and hypothalamus. The amygdala is mainly controls the emotions and as such damage or deterioration of the amygdala such as experienced with the onset of Alzheimers disease can lead to emotional instability which can induce effects such as anxiety, sadness, stress, anger and paranoia (LOOI & SACHDEV, 2000) found that at least eighty percent of Alzheimer's patients experience symptoms that can be directly related to deterioration of the amygdala. After these symptoms have developed the disease …show more content…
moves on to other brain areas. The thalamus is deep inside the brain, just above the brain stem. It is responsible for relaying motor and sensory signals to the cerebral cortex. It's also linked to the regulation of sleep and consciousness. Plus, it plays a role in controlling the motor systems of the brain responsible for voluntary bodily movement and coordination (Vishnu, 2013) The temporal lobe is located to the side of the brain it is responsible for processing sensory information, long-term memory, and language skills. The plagues and tangles that develop in the temporal lobe produced by Alzheimer’s can result in the inability to articulate ideas and coherently express what is going on around them, as well as having impaired linguistic skills for example saying one thing but meaning another. It is also quite common for Alzheimer’s patients with damage in the temporal lobes to have perceived visual and auditory hallucinations. Moreover, the deterioration that Alzheimer's imposes on the temporal lobe inhibits the ability to recognize what should be familiar places, objects, and people (de Leeuw, Korf, Barkhof & Scheltens, 2006). When Alzheimers has advanced to its later stages, recalling personal information becomes severely compromised. The occipital lobe is the area of the brain located at the back of the head and its primary purpose is to make sense of what our eyes are seeing. This region of the brain is not always affected by Alzheimer's disease, but when it is, the result can be difficulty in recognizing everyday objects, such as clothing, a toilet, or a bathtub. (Vecchio et al., 2013) The frontal lobe is located at the front of the brain and is responsible for logical thought, regulating behaviours, complex planning, and learning.
Alzheimer’s disease gradually and continually damages the frontal lobe as the disease advances. As such, complex tasks such as driving, cooking, or advanced planning may become severely impaired by Alzheimer’s. Moreover, the impairment Alzheimer’s inflicts upon the frontal lobe may also result in the loss of motivation or drive, subsequently resulting in sluggishness and laziness. The damage that is caused by Alzheimer’s disease can create an ongoing loss of inhibition and impulsive behavior (George, Whitfield & Walker,
2013). The parietal lobe is located at the top of the brain and is mostly responsible for assimilating and processing sensory information. Tasks such as reading, writing, mathematics, and spatial navigation are normally managed by the parietal lobe. Alzheimer’s systematically damages the parietal lobe during the various progressions of the disease. Symptoms such as the worsening of reading and writing skills, the inability to accurately locate items within a three-dimensional space, or properly gauge distance occur with increasing rate of occurrences and severity as Alzheimer’s intensifies in the parietal lobe (Gao, Li & Feng, 2011). If you are suffering from Alzheimer’s disease it means that you are experiencing the gradual loss of your cognitive abilities. You will find that your memory becomes poorer as the condition progresses. Your ability to reason and make sense of things will not be as good as it used to be. Yet, and despite in-depth research worldwide, there is no cure for Alzheimer’s disease. Also, it is a chronic (long-lasting) condition where symptoms gradually become more severe as the year's pass. Extensive research has been carried out on Alzheimer’s disease based on its etiologic, pathogeny, epidemiology, heredity, mannerism, medication, psychology and the effects it exemplifies on the victims who are considerably older people. Accordingly, the considerable effects of the disease has led to physicians and medical researchers alike to deduce innovative methods that assist in combating the ailment through the principles of prevention and cure. Overtime, Alzheimer’s disease has continued baffling the findings and conclusions of the research and the strenuous efforts exuded by physicians and researchers. Regardless of the tenacity of the illness on aging people, innovations in medical technology have made it possible to mitigate the disease and the risks associated with it by providing methods and procedures that are effective and efficient in waging and prolonging the war against Alzheimer’s disease. In conclusion, research on Alzheimer’s disease has paved the way for understanding and developing the pathology and treatment of the disease among aged people. Nevertheless, research in the ailment has also been conducted in the areas that involve prevention of the disease to prevent further financial and emotional distress on health care providers and family alike. Based on research evidence, preventive interventions have been deduced that restrict or delay the inception of Alzheimer’s disease. However, such interventions are either too complex to articulate or prevent the onset of the disease.
Hippocampus is a small, curved region, which exists in both hemispheres of the brain and plays a vital role in emotions, learning and acquisition of new information. It also contributes majorly to long term memory, which is permanent information stored in the brain. Although long term memory is the last information that can be forgotten, its impairment has become very common nowadays. The dysfunction is exemplified by many neurological disorders such as amnesia. There are two types of amnesia, anterograde and retrograde. Anterograde amnesia is inability in forming new information, while retrograde refers to the loss of the past memory. As suggested by Cipolotti and Bird (2006), hippocampus’s lesions are responsible for both types of amnesia. According to multiple trace theory, the author suggests that hippocampal region plays a major role in effective retrieving of episodic memory (Cipolotti and Bird, 2006). For example, patients with hippocampal damage show extensively ungraded retrograde amnesia (Cipolotti and Bird, 2006). They have a difficult time in retrieving information from their non-personal episodic events and autobiographical memory. However, this theory conflicts with standard model of consolidation. The difference between these theories suggests that researchers need to do more work to solve this controversy. Besides retrieving information, hippocampus is also important in obtaining new semantic information, as well as familiarity and recollection (Cipolotti and Bird, 2006). For instance, hippocampal amnesic patient V.C shows in ability to acquire new semantic knowledge such as vocabularies and factual concepts (Cipolotti and Bird, 2006). He is also unable to recognize and recall even...
Therefore, they summarize that the reason why Clive suffers in the Amnesia is caused by the hippocampus is not affected. The Hippocampus is a structure that is located inside the temporal lobe, and that is a part of the limbic system. The function of the Hippocampus is similar to a post office used for encoding, storage and recalling memories, all presenting information would first remain, analysed and encoded in the Hippocampus then transmit them to different areas of the brain. In other words, Clive is unable to encode memory and hold information which is currently aware, and it is difficult to form new long-term memory such as explicit and semantic memory. Clive Wearing, now 78 years old, still cannot recover from the anterograde amnesia, he becomes a man who has the shortest memory in the world.
Thesis/Preview Statement – Alzheimer’s disease (AD) causes a decline in brain function, it destroys healthy nerve cells. Today, we have discussed Causes, Symptoms, and Diagnosis of AD.
Why do we have emotions? Emotions are vital for healthy decision making and avoiding negative experiences. The Secret Life of the Brain demonstrates a brain with abnormal processes in the prefrontal cortex and amygdala. However, the life-constraining disorders produced from these abnormalities, including emotional paralysis, post-traumatic stress disorder, and depression, can have treatments or preventions to help insure healthy lives.
Memory plays a significant role in the everyday lives of people of all ages. It allows them to recall information and remember skills that were learned in the past. Memory also organizes past information to help people make current and future decisions. However, imagine forgetting the names of close family members or not having the ability to find your keys every time you want to leave the house. These are some of the struggles that people with Alzheimer’s disease face daily. Alzheimer’s disease was first identified by German neurologist Alois Alzheimer in 1906, and was discovered to have an overpowering effect on explicit memory loss (Gruetzner, 1988). There are two types of Alzheimer’s disease – early onset and late onset. Early onset occurs in patients who are diagnosed before the age of 65 whereas late onset occurs in patients who are diagnosed after the age of 65. In the early stages of Alzheimer’s disease, short-term memory is often lost. As Alzheimer’s disease progresses, problems with long-term memory begin to develop, in addition to short-term memory impairments. Although a lot is known about the symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease, the cause has not been conclusively identified. However, as research continues, new theories about the cause of Alzheimer’s disease are being proposed. This has led to a controversy over whether Alzheimer’s disease is caused by genetics or environmental influences (Gruetzner, 1988).
Alzheimer’s is a horrible disease that takes the lives of many. There is someone diagnosed with Alzheimer’s around the world every seventy-two seconds. It is a form of dementia that slowly takes away the most basic of memories all the way to the memories of children, weddings, and even the saddest ones such as family death. The people that Alzheimer’s affects have a hard time with remembering tiny details and the disease begins with taking away the function of short term memory. This happens because the levels of acetylcholine are known to drop up to ninety percent beginning in the entorhinal cortex and moving into the hippocampus. Because of this, of the first signs of Alzheimer’s is the loss or decrease of the sense of smell, hence the entorhinal. The cells in the hippocampus called the hippocampal cells lose their connection and the result of this is the total loss of short-term memory. The neurons resting in the cerebral cortex then start to degenerate which in turn leads to the difficulty with the function of language and judgment. This also causes appetite to decline and then there is the loss of control over bowel movements. The disease will progress with many ending up not even recognizing their own children, much less being able to eat or bath or do simple tasks that they normally would not even have to think about.
Many people enjoy a good film and at the end, they have the potential to judge the film by the content and delivery it had provided. In some films, the screenwriter chooses to portray one of the many psychological disorders. The audience of the film will try to focus on how well the disorder was portrayed and how well the movie played out. Whether the intention of the film maker was trying to expose the public about such psychological disorder or choosing to make a film based on the disorder, some viewers will argue if the film has portrayed the disorder accurately and whether the public has taken notice to the disorder. Screenwriter, Jonathan Nolan and Christopher Nolan, portrayed the psychological disorder, Anterograde Amnesia, in their film “Memento.”
Cummings, Jeffrey L., Cole, Greg. “Alzheimer Disease.” Journal of the American Medical Association. May 2002: 287-18. Health Source. EBSCOhost. Utica College Lib. 15 Apr 2005. .
Alzheimer's disease is a neurological disorder which kills the brain cells, causing memory loss and cognitive decline. This leads to severe psychological impairments which changes how people think, behave and other complications such as paranoia, disorientation and unprovoked aggression. These psychological impairments reduce people’s functional ability and therefore reduce their quality of life.
Retrograde and Anterograde Amnesia Darling, what did you say was Sue's number? " I don't remember stripping at Dan's birthday party last year!" No officer, I don't know what happened after the accident. I can't even remember my name. " Amnesia is the partial or complete loss of memory, most commonly temporary and for only a short period of time.
Alzheimer’s disease was found more than a century ago but still there is little known and understood about the disease. AD attacks the medial temporal lobes which interferes with memory and the ability to reason and pay attention. (Wierenga and Bondi, 2011). People with AD also have increased atrophy of brain tissue and the brain is clogged with neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques which are both believed to produce Alzheimer’s symptoms by disrupting the impulses between neurons (Sue et al. 2013). A look into what it feels like to have AD may give a better representation of how the person feels and how their loved ones feel.
In 1906, a German physician named Dr. Alois Alzheimer dealt with a patient that had been battling severe memory and confusion problems and had tremendous difficulty understanding questions and basic functions. Alzheimer suspected that the ailment had more to it than inherent memory loss. During an autopsy of the brain, he discovered that there were deposits of neuritic plaques surrounding the nerve cells and twisted fibers, known as neurofibrillary tangles, inside of the nerve cells. These observations became the definitive diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease. The plaques and tangles that develop are a natural part of aging; however, they develop far more aggressively in Alzheimer’s victims. The plaques and tangles then block communication among nerve cells and disrupt the cells processes, eventually killing them. This destruction causes memory failure, personality changes, and problems carrying out everyday functions. Alzheimer’s especially attacks the memory. A victim in the later stage of the disease can...
Scientists know that Alzheimer disease is characterized by a gradual spread of sticky plaques and clumps of tangled fibers that disrupt the organization of nerve cells in the brain. However , a definite cause, prevention, or cause has not been found.
The human body is divided into many different parts called organs. All of the parts are controlled by an organ called the brain, which is located in the head. The brain weighs about 2. 75 pounds, and has a whitish-pink appearance. The brain is made up of many cells, and is the control centre of the body. The brain flashes messages out to all the other parts of the body.
Alzheimer’s Disease is named after a German doctor, who specializes in the brain and nervous system, named Alois Alzheimer. This Disease forms in the brain. Alzheimer’s is the most common form of Dementia, a general term for memory loss and other intellectual abilities serious enough to enter. The Tau protein ensures the tubes in your brain stay straight allowing molecules to pass through freely. In Alzheimer’s Disease the protein collapses into strands or tangles, making the tubes disintegrate. There is visible differences of brain tissue in the from misfolded proteins called plaques and tangles. Beta-Amyloid clumps block signals and communication between cells in the brain. Researchers agree that Alzheimer’s Disease is m...