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Karma essay hinduism and buddhism
Karma essay hinduism and buddhism
The rise of hinduism in india
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The world Hindu is derived from an ancient Sanskrit term meaning “dwellers of the Indus River” referring to the location of India’s earliest known civilization. Hinduism is currently ranked as the third largest religion after Christianity and Islam. It includes about fifty million Hindus worldwide with the majority of them dwelling in India. In order to understand the followers of the religion, one must first realize that Hinduism is more than just a religion; it is a way of life. Hinduism suggests a commitment or respect for an ideal way of life known as Dharma. In principle, Hinduism incorporates all forms of belief and worship without requiring the selection or elimination of any. The metaphysical architecture of the Hindu temple emblematically …show more content…
Hindus believe that only god exists and nothing else. Hindus are aware that God can take many divine forms to guide and bless them and that only a purified and concentrated mind can see God. Furthermore, the guru discussed that creation arises from consciousness and the entire world has risen and exists because of The Hindu Trinity: Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva. The formless God ultimately manifests as the dissolving power of the universe. God can also be represented and worshipped in many different forms; one can worship God as a father (Vishnu or Shiva), a mother (Lakshmi or Saraswati), or one can worship God by adoring saints and sages. Hindus understand that God comes in many forms, and therefore, that all religions should be respected and praised. In addition, the guru believed that the four Vedas provide a sense of guidance into the practicing Hindus life. The Vedas educate Hindus about self –realization, methods of meditation, and different ways of worship. Hindu scriptures also teach the four different yoga’s to be one with God and living a life of fulfillment. The Vedas also teaches Hindus that a human is not merely just a body and mind but also an infinite soul. The soul will ultimately pass from body to body until it reaches moksha or liberation. The karmic laws are a gift from God that are designed to lead a Hindu to moksha. Karma states that an individual’s present condition is a result of his or her past actions and that individual’s future mental state will depend on his or her past and present actions. Karma underlines that a practicing Hindu is the creator of his or her destiny. Finally, the guru emphasized that a Hindu should believe in dharma; a life of personal discipline, service, humility, and devotion to God.
From the text excerpt in Document A, “Hinduism was (and is) a polytheistic religion - Hindus believed in many gods. --- In this kind of Hinduism, people believed in reincarnation - that people could be reborn into other bodies after they died.” This evidence shows that because of religion, Hindus have belief in many gods, and believe in reincarnation. Without a religion, they would not believe in an all-mighty ruler, or in reincarnation. Hindus also believed in karma, which means the good and bad actions that have an effect on the soul, and dharma, or spiritual duties one must follow. As you can see, beliefs were greatly influenced by religion.
Unlike most religions, Hinduism has no specific founder, scripture or set of teachings. Hinduism has over nine hundred million followers today. The history of Hinduism is that it was found in the Indus Valley and it is an oral religion. Hindu’s believe in the three gods named Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva. Brahma is believed to be the creator of the world and creatures.
Hinduism is the oldest religion founded in India in 1500 BCE. Hindus believe in one soul force known as Brahman. The followers of this religion follow the Caste system. The four major castes emerged from who was believed to be the first human being, Purusha. The priestly class represented the mouth and were known as the Brahmins. The Kshatriyas were the ruler and warriors within society and represented Purusha’s arms. The legs were unskilled workers, such as peasants and traders and were known as the sudras. The untouchables of the Hindu religion were the lowest class and are not even represented on Purusha (Doc 7). Hindus believed that their good and bad deeds throughout one lifetime would move them closer or further from Moksha, freedom from life and death. With the idea of moksha being
Other than a religion, Hinduism is a way of life through philosophy that is mostly concerned with spirituality and enlightenment. The impracticality of the Hindu religion comes from the Vedas. Vedas are the oldest scriptures in the Hindu religion that are considered to be a straight ...
Hindus believe that when a soul expires, it acquires rebirth in a new body. This cycle is called samsara. To be set free from the endless cycle of birth, death and rebirth one must discover their true nature in order to be with the Brahman in Nirvana. In figure G a picture of a Cambodian statue of the A.D. 900 of Brahma meditating is presented. Nirvana is a state where pain, worry and the outer world do not exist. When a person in Hindu religion has bad Karma, they must take rebirth multiple times. The sacred source of all existence is divided among three gods. Brahma is the creator, Vishnu is the preserver, and Shiva is the destroyer. All three contribute to a person’s life and death and afterlife. In figure H a picture of a Vishnu sculpture is shown, and in figure I a picture of a sculpture of Shiva is
The characteristics of a Hindu as V.D. Savarkar says is “one who (1) regards the entire subcontinent as his (or her) motherland/fatherland... (2) is descended of Hindu parents (3) and considers this land holy” (Sharma 23) Essentially, Savarkar implies that Hinduism is just a word that is specific to Indians. The Indian government adopted the definition of a Hindu as “one who belongs to any religion of Indian origin” (Sharma 24). However, I would like to disagree with this definition, as there are some Muslim groups in India that would be Hindus by this definition. There would not be tension between Muslims and Hindus if they didn’t think they were two very distinctly different
Hinduism, also known by the name Sanatana-Dharma, is often referred to as the “oldest religion” in the world, is generally considered to be an ethnic religion and is fundamentally based on the religion of the original Aryan settlers. “Hinduism, from the Persian Hindi (Sanskrit sindhu), literally "river." Means "of the Indus Valley" or simply "Indian." Hindus call their religion sanatama dharma,"eternal religion" or "eternal truth” (“Facts on Hinduism”). It was founded around 3000 BCE, and is now considered to be the third largest religion in the world. Followers of Hinduism, which is estimated to be anywhere around 900 million, are especially concentrated in India, Nepal, and other countries throughout Asia. The broader world contact that has occurred since World War II allowed various forms of Hinduism to become more widely known and accepted. The multiple Hindu sects, including the Krishna Consciousness, have been particularly successful among young American and Europeans and claims to be adherent around the world. Hinduism is dissimilar compared to other religions, in the fact that it has no founders. This religion is considered to be permissive in creed or code as it is not necessarily coordinated in any way, even though various sects and cults are formulated. This religion is especially known for its tolerance because it is willing to accommodate those who are exceptionally religious; whether it be a Jew, Christian, or Muslim as a part of their religion. Hinduism is very transformable and accepts elements of different religion. Overtime it has even developed different aspects of both Christianity and Buddhism and incorporated them into the religion of Hinduism. Hinduism worships a multiplicity of gods; the most important in...
(Pew Research Center 1) Hinduism unlike Christianity or Muslim, is deemed to be the oldest surviving religion. Having a collective number of sacred texts, it differs from any other faiths. Being a polytheistic religion the views of Hinduism followers are diverse from what monotheistic religions would consider to be the norm. Again, this religion consists of a different approach to the notion of afterlife. Companions of the belief system, consider Moksha to be their form of heaven. Moksha is when an individual is liberated from the ongoing cycle of death and rebirth. This is known as the Hinduism form of hell called Samsara. Karma is the impression that what an individual does throughout their life cycle will depict a positive outcome, or
What is Hinduism? Hinduism, the largest of the eastern religion and one of the oldest in the world. (Curry). Hinduism denotes the religions of majority of the people in India and Nepal and of some communities in other continents, who refer to themselves as Hindus. (Flood). It is said to have existed from 1500-300 BCE.
"In Hinduism, salvation is achieved through a spiritual oneness of the soul, atman, with the ultimate reality of the universe, Brahman. To achieve this goal, the soul must obtain moksha, or liberation from the samsara, the endless cycle of birth, death, and rebirth. As a result of these basic teachings, Hindus believe in reincarnation, which is influenced by karma (material actions resulting from the consequences of previous actions), and dharma (fulfilling one's duty in life)"(Teachings and Beliefs, 2004, par. 1).
Hinduism is unlike many other religions in that it does not have a single founder or text, but is more like an umbrella in ways of life. In death and life for the Hindu, “The ultimate goal of the soul is liberation from the wheel of rebirth, through reabsorption into our identity with the Oversoul (Brahma)-- the essence of the universe, immaterial, uncreated, limitless, and timeless” (Leming & Dickinson, 2011, p. 134). Susan Thrane MSN, RN, OCN discusses the beliefs of Hindu culture in the article “Hindu End of Life: Death, Dying, Suffering, and Karma” published in the Journal of Hospice and Palliative Nursing. Thrane (2010) states that there are almost 2.3 million Hindus in India. Hindu’s believe in interconnectedness, karma, and reincarnation.
Most people in the world derive their religious beliefs and traditions from their parents and peer influences. From a religious point of view, “There are many definitions for the term ‘religion’ in common usage. [Broadly defined], in order to include the greatest number of belief systems: ‘Religion is any specific system of belief about deity, often involving rituals, a code of ethics, and a philosophy of life’” (Robinson, 1996). However, in examining Hinduism, it is difficult to label the practices as a religion. This paper will expound upon the Hindu traditions, taking into account the characteristics of sacred elements, their meaning, and significance.
While most traditional religions are easy to define and comprehend, Hinduism is not. It cannot be spoken about as one single entity but rather a label for many different traditions within itself that originated in India. It is the world’s third largest religion with a following of a billion people. Hinduism, at its most basic definition, is the belief in either several gods or goddess, or the belief in one God with many faces. It is a way of life that relies heavily on the ideas of cause and effect. They believe in reincarnation with a desire to be liberated from the cycle of birth and death. They believe it is the key to a lifetime of happiness, prosperity and love. While it is considered to be the oldest
Buddhism "addresses a continuing Western thirst for spirituality and mysticism". With one of Buddhism's key appeal to Westerners being that it doesn't offend their reason as it not only agrees with evolution but it doesn't require blind faith. Since the Buddha urges followers to just to take his word for it, but to test it for themselves to see if, things like meditation could work in their own experience. Buddhism is also extremely adaptable to the different cultural circumstances that can occur. Making it a universal religion, that’s more concerned with the structure society together. It teaches that anyone can develop spirituality and can become more positive, regardless of their gender, race, or sexual orientation making the religion
Today, Hinduism stands as India’s primary religion. In fact, India houses 90% of the world’s Hindi population and 79.8% of India’s population follows the Hindu religion, according to the 2011 census. It is thought by some to be the oldest religion in the world and the “eternal law” (Fowler). This culture is truly one as defined by Edward Taylor: “A complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, law, morals, customs, and any other capability and habit acquired by man as a member of society.” In order to have somewhat of an understanding about what the Hindu religion entails, one must study the Hindu conception of God, its basic concepts and key beliefs, as well as symbolism.