In the United States, males are socialized to adhere to masculine norms starting at a young age (Stanaland et al., 2023). Within the prevailing cultural framework, these norms dictate that men must embody traits such as dominance, aggressiveness, and stoicism, while also adhering strictly to heterosexual and non-feminine behavior, and limiting their display of emotions (Stanaland et al., 2023). The criminological theory that I thought would best represent the documentary “Healing from Hate” is the Social Learning Theory. According to Albert Bandura's Social Learning Theory, people learn from one another by observing, imitating, modeling, and reinforcing. SLT, an original behaviorist theory, has evolved considerably over the past century as …show more content…
This can influence whether they will engage in similar behavior, because someone who observes a behavior may then imitate it, especially if they consider the model to be someone they respect and who rewards them for doing so. Many hate group members adopt violent ideologies through their social environments. This can be seen in the documentary Healing from Hate when young troubled men were introduced to an environment that was even more toxic and pushed the narrative of belonging. In healing from hate, one of the interviewees said that one day he was smoking and some guy walked up to him, took the joint out of his mouth, and said, “That's what the capitalist and the Jews want him to do to keep him docile” (Healing from hate 1:05) and he believed that. Dr. Michael Kimmel spoke about how the essence of being a man is providing for their family when they can't even buy groceries for them, what's left for white men. Healing from hate (Head 26:49). The fact that other people were being put down instead of them reassured them that they weren't the lowest of the low, since as a man without means to support his family or themselves, they felt like the worst of the …show more content…
(Healing from Hate 22:26) This is consistent with the social learning theory, as it highlights the impact of early experiences on an individual's behavior and choices. McAleer's own experience of rejection and being compared to his sister's “girls are better than you” defiance, anger, and confusion, ultimately led him down the path of joining a hate group. (Healing from hate 26:25) In the reading "Politics of the Anthropocene" by Janet Chan (2017) In the context of criminology, might focus on how environmental changes affect social structures, crime patterns, and justice system responses. Relating this to the documentary and social learning theory, if observing others getting away with environmental destruction or profiting from it without repercussions becomes common, individuals might learn and replicate these behaviors. “a struggle for food and resources, leading to disorders, criminality, conflicts and wars” (Brisman and South,
Andrew Sullivan suggests the origins of hate to be evolutionary in his article, “What’s So Bad about Hate?” If hate really is “hard wired,” then that would mean all of the hubbub about obliterating hate is just about as useless as trying to obliterate opposable thumbs. Sullivan’s statement carries so much meaning because it illustrates such a nasty concept with an air of tolerance that is rarely ever considered. He proposes that instead of fighting hate, we accept hate for what it is: an integral part of the human experience. Instead of fighting, we should focus our energy on tolerating hate, and through toleration we can achieve much more than we ever did by trying to combat our very nature.
This also leads into the fact that people interpret male violence and aggression as natural. They’ll pin it as something hardwired from ‘the hunter-gatherer days’. Often times they’ll also blame it on media violence, such as graphic video games, movies and TV shows. This is something much broader than that.
In today’s American society there seems to be an ever-growing pressure for young males to adopt the “tough guy” persona. The want to adopt such an identity can be rooted to the way media portrays male masculinity to young boys and pre-adolescent males. With an ever-increasing message of violence, hegemonic masculinity, and inferential sexism, being rooted in Television and films it seems young males are being wired to be view these characteristics as normal because of the cultivation theory. As Jackson Katz from “Tough Guise 2” argues, our epidemic of male violence is rooted in our inability as a society to break from an outmoded ideology of manhood.
...o more attacks and feeling alienated, helpless, suspicious and fearful. (Ochi) This is an entry in a report regarding hate crime given by Rose Ochi from the U.S. Department of Justice. It explains all too well what people of both sides of hate crime feel. Those that commit hate crimes mentally ill; however psychologists do find that they have a, “high level of aggression and antisocial behavior.” (Dunbar) It was very interesting to find that those who commit hate crime offenses premeditate their crimes and will drive further out to commit these crimes.
Jackson Katz is the founder of Mentors in Violence Prevention which is an education program that has been focused on military and sporting organizations in attempts to put a halt on gender violence. Other than being an educator, Katz is also an author and filmmaker. In 2013, he produced the film Tough Guise 2. In this film, Katz reviews the normalization of male jurisdiction in America. The film looks at the messages of gun violence, sexism, and bullying that are sent to men throughout their entire life. Tough Guise 2 argues the statement that male brutality is a rooted back to our cultural standards of manhood. A pivotal point of the film is that a male’s masculinity is not just handed to them, it must be earned. During the course of the film, this point is supported by examples such as gun violence, homophobic messages and mass shootings.
A finding in the study conducted was that women who were placed in suppressed situations provided increased stress and aggression for men. In a different study, it was discovered that along the six facets that were constructed “feminine avoidance, status and achievement, toughness and aggression, restricted emotionality, nonrelational sexuality, and dominance,” all of these were associated with carnal aggression committed against women (Zubriggen, 2010 as cited in Smith et al., 2015). It was then envisioned that each of these dimensions, or paths of sexual aggression and gender role stress could be followed in compound, numerous ways. However, there is an evident relationship between subordinate women and sexual aggression committed by men. Males who tend to encounter frequent masculine gender role stress are likely to have increased vocal aggression, negative responses, and rage when their masculinity is seen as threatened by a woman. As a reaction to this threat, men feel the need to make up for their lack in masculinity by participating in attitudes (like aggression) that oppress females and make them feel inferior (Moore et al, 2008 as cited in Smith et al.,
Domestic violence has been plaguing our society for years. There are many abusive relationships, and the only question to ask is: why? The main answer is control. The controlling characteristic that males attribute to their masculinity is the cause to these abusive relationships. When males don’t have control they feel their masculinity is threatened and they need to do something about it. This doesn’t occur in just their relationships, but rather every facet of life. Men are constantly in a struggle for power and control whether it is at work, home, during sports, or in a relationship, this remains true. So the only way for them to get this power is for them to be “men”; tough, strong, masculine, ones that demand and take power. Where is this thirst for control coming from? Is it the natural structure of a man or is it a social construct? The answer is that it’s the social construction of a patriarchy that results in this thirst for control due to fear. The fear is being emasculated, whether it is by gayness, or femininity. Men use the fear created from domestic violence to gain control, but yet women do have some control in a relationship it is this vague boundary of how much control that leads to domestic violence.
this tension is brought out in hate groups. Hate groups play off of the stereotypes of specific
economic or social success some minorities have attained may result in increased feelings of resentment by members of the larger population. As Levin & McDevitt (1993:48) argue, resentment can be found to some extent in the personality of most hate crime offenders. It may be directed toward a part...
Conflict theorists would say people are attracted to the message of hate because the way the power elite keeps us at odds. They keep us believing that the other race is trying to take what little there is left.
The "others" do not want to demonize men, yet are not taking an active role in eliminating the occasional poison that masculine expectations inhibit. Hamblin 's opinion, as well as several respected experts in psychology, criminology, and sociology, believes that toxic masculinity is an accurate term that can further both discussion and action on how to stop the aggressive and destructive notions of
All the hate groups know that they can only flourish if they continue to recruit new members. Three of the most obvious similarities among hate groups members are their sex, male; their race, Caucasian; and their age, 35 years old or younger. Many people think that the reason young people are willing to join hate groups in high school and in college is that they are uncertain about their own futures. Often people believe that the young people who join hate groups are those with the least education and the least to hope for in the future in the way of jobs, but that does not follow anymore because hate has flourished on colleges and high school campuses. For members of the Ku Klux Klan, it is important that their message of hatred be carried to young people. The initiation of children and babies has being an important part of the Klan activities. It is so bad and wrong that the Ku Klux Klan has even gone so far as to hang out at playgrounds. They look for little boys who play unsupervised. The Klan believes that these boys are potential members of the Klan because their parents do not care enough to watch them play. The child is probably growing up in a dysfunctional family that gives him little attention and when he is older he will cling to the Klan because membership in this group will provide him with a strong family structure that his ...
But research by the FBI, reveals that fewer than 5% of the offenders were members of organized hate groups. Otherwise law-abiding young people who see little wrong with their actions carry out most hate crimes. Alcohol and drugs sometimes help fuel these crimes, but the main determinant appears to be personal prejudice, a situation that colors people's judgment, blinding the aggressors to the immorality of what they are doing. Such prejudice is most likely rooted in an environment that disdains someone who is "different" or sees that difference as threatening.
Boys are influenced by many of their coaches in life; brothers and fathers telling them they must be tough and show no pain, teachers who expect them to work hard at everything they do, and in the back of their minds are their mothers who worry about them over extending and getting hurt. Kimmel asked a few men in their 20’s, “where do young men get these ideas” (the Guy Code), they all gave the same answers: their brothers, fathers, and coaches. One mentioned that his father would always be riding him, telling him that he must be tough to make it in this world, another said his brothers were always ragging on him, calling him a “pussy” because he didn’t want to go outside and play football with them. He just wanted to stay in and play Xbox. Yet another said that whenever he got hurt his coach would mock and make fun of him because he was showing his feelings. The world is a very competitive for men, they believe they must always prove themselves to other men. Men get pressured into doing things they don’t want to do. Men shouldn’t be pressured they should be able to do what they want to
If a man possesses the masculinity that society claims he should have, he may still experience many emotional issues within himself. After a man has been taught that domination is the key, they may develop a sense of aggression. Aggression may also follow the fact they men hold all of their feelings into to protect themselves from the schemas. Men have been seen to use violence in their past to solve their issues. In the documentary, one of the prisoners in the group session spoke about how he was in jail because all of his emotions that had been bottled up become uncontrollable in one instance. If a boy or a man does not contain the masculinity expected, he may become bullied and out-casted. The continuation of discrimination toward a boy may cause suicidal thoughts. On top of being bullied for not being a powerful man, he may still be trying to hold in his emotions to prove that he