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Harriet Jacobs--Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl essay
Harriet Jacobs--Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl essay
Critical analysis of the life of a slave girl by Harriet Jacobs
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Has society treated men and women equally through the years? During the most inhuman, barbaric, and sadistic period of history, women seem to be mistreated in a higher degree. For many years women were not only considered the weaker sex but also repressed and dehumanized by the male dominated society. As terrible as The Holocaust that persecuted and killed millions of Jewish and other groups considered undesirable, was the impact of slavery on American slaves. Slavery and male dominant society occurred simultaneously; therefore, women were twice discriminated, abused, and mistreated. There are multiple indirect and direct records of the suffering women went trough during this horrible and sad period in history. “Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl” by Harriet Jacobs happens to be a vivid account of the incidents in the life of Jacobs, a misfortune girl that as a child tragically lost her parents and discovered she was a slave. Referring to the terrible condition of slavery, she wrote: “You never knew what it is to be slave; to be entirely unprotected by law or custom; to have the laws reduce you to the condition of a chattel, entirely subject to the will of another.” (49)
Perhaps the most heartbreaking feeling in the life of slave women happened to be the fact that they were separated from their children at the will of their masters. Being unable to raise their children was hundred times more painful than their heel-strings being cut to prevent them from escaping their masters. Jacob’s grandmother experienced this horrible consequence of slavery when her master died and her five children were divided among the master’s heirs. (9) How painful must have it been for Jacob’s mother to see her children being divided as if they were ...
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...d labor, had made herself a comfortable home, was obliged to sacrifice her furniture, bid a hurried farewell to friends, and seek her fortune among strangers in Canada. Many a wife discovered a secret she never known before-that her husband was a fugitive, and must leave her to insure his own safety. Worse still, many a husband discovered that his wife had fled from slavery years ago, and as “the child follows the condition of its mother,” the children of his love were liable to be seized and carried into slavery” (155) Extremely pity, sorrow, and shame is projected throughout Jacob’s book which covers not only her life, but also the common misfortune of many victims of slavery. Undoubtedly the women slaves were repeatedly abused, discriminated, and harassed not only by the society but also by the sadistic masters becoming the most mistreated of a slavery society.
Slavery is a term that can create a whirlwind of emotions for everyone. During the hardships faced by the African Americans, hundreds of accounts were documented. Harriet Jacobs, Charles Ball and Kate Drumgoold each shared their perspectives of being caught up in the world of slavery. There were reoccurring themes throughout the books as well as varying angles that each author either left out or never experienced. Taking two women’s views as well as a man’s, we can begin to delve deeper into what their everyday lives would have been like.
In Harriet Jacobs’ autobiography, Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, personal accounts that detail the ins-and-outs of the system of slavery show readers truly how monstrous and oppressive slavery is. Families are torn apart, lives are ruined, and slaves are tortured both physically and mentally. The white slaveholders of the South manipulate and take advantage of their slaves at every possible occasion. Nothing is left untouched by the gnarled claws of slavery: even God and religion become tainted. As Jacobs’ account reveals, whites control the religious institutions of the South, and in doing so, forge religion as a tool used to perpetuate slavery, the very system it ought to condemn. The irony exposed in Jacobs’ writings serves to show
Slavery in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries consisted of brutal and completely unjust treatment of African-Americans. Africans were pulled from their families and forced to work for cruel masters under horrendous conditions, oceans away from their homes. While it cannot be denied that slavery everywhere was horrible, the conditions varied greatly and some slaves lived a much more tolerable life than others. Examples of these life styles are vividly depicted in the personal narratives of Olaudah Equiano and Mary Prince. The diversity of slave treatment and conditions was dependent on many different factors that affected a slave’s future. Mary Prince and Olaudah Equiano both faced similar challenges, but their conditions and life styles
The greatest distress to a slave mother was realizing that her children would inevitably inherit her status as a slave. Jacobs writes of a mother who responded to the death of her infant by thanking "God for taking her away from the greatest bitterness of life (Jacobs 16). Furthermore, when Dr. Flint, her master, hurled her son Benjamin across a room Harriet experienced a fleeting moment of panic, believing that he could potentially dead; however, when she confirms that he is alive she could not determine whether she was happy that he son survived. Harriet experienced inadequacy and doubted her femininity in times that she could not protect her children from the harsh realities of the world in which they were born.
The Incongruity of Slavery and Christianity in Harriet A. Jacob’s Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, Written by Herself
Both Fredrick Douglass and Harriet Jacobs write narratives about their time being slaves. The narratives show dehumanization through physical and emotional abuse, along with sexual abuse supported with textual evidence. However, Jacobs states "slavery is bad for men, but is for more terrible for women", which I concur with.
The illumination of the brutal treatment of the slaves, both physically and mentally, are also apparent in the works of Stowe and Jacobs. Stowe, in Uncle Tom’s Cabin, uses the stories of Eliza, Harry, Uncle Tom and Cassy to show how slavery, with both cruel and kind masters, affects different members of the slave community. In Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, Jacobs focuses her work on the how the institution is “terrible for men; but is far more terrible for women” (B:933), adding sexual abuse to the atrocities of slavery. Douglass’ Madison gives the reader a masculine perspective on the
In a twist, Harriet Jacobs was writing mainly for an audience of the women in the north. Her narrative didn’t just tell the struggles of being a slave, it also talks about the struggles of being a woman. Jacob’ s story of being a unvalued, sexually abused woman, whose main concern is the safety and freedom of her children, definitely was relevant to all women who at the time were not seen as equal to men.
Douglass showed “how a slave became a man” in a physical fight with an overseer and the travel to freedom. Jacobs’s gender determined a different course, and how women were affected. Douglass and Jacob’s lives might seem to have moved in different directions, but it is important not to miss the common will that their narratives proclaim of achieving freedom. They never lost their determination to gain not only freedom from enslavement but also the respect for their individual humanity and the other slaves.
In Harriet Jacobs Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, the author subjects the reader to a dystopian slave narrative based on a true story of a woman’s struggle for self-identity, self-preservation and freedom. This non-fictional personal account chronicles the journey of Harriet Jacobs (1813-1897) life of servitude and degradation in the state of North Carolina to the shackle-free promise land of liberty in the North. The reoccurring theme throughout that I strive to exploit is how the women’s sphere, known as the Cult of True Womanhood (Domesticity), is a corrupt concept that is full of white bias and privilege that has been compromised by the harsh oppression of slavery’s racial barrier. Women and the female race are falling for man’s
In fact, women had to carry with the pain of having their children wrenched from them. Women were forced to be “breeders” they were meant to bear children to add to their master’s “stock”, but they were denied the right to care for them. It was not something unusual to happen to these women it was considered normal. The master didn’t believe the female slaves had feelings, or the right to ruin their merchandise. It was also not unusual for the plantation master to satisfy his sexual lust with his female slaves and force them to have his children. Children that were born from these unions were often sold to protect the honor and dignity of the slave owner’s wife, who would be forced to face the undeniable proof of her husband’s lust for “black women.”
Harriet Jacobs’ story is quite interesting due to the fact that she too is a face of slavery but also a victim of sexual promiscuity. Similar to Equiano’s life Jacobs was introduced to slavery, disappointment, and grief at a young as well. In chapter one we learn that Jacob does not find out that she was born into slavery until her mother’s death, because her mother was never treated as a slave by her mistress. After Jacobs’ mother’s death she is taken into custody by her mother’s mistress who treats Jacobs as if she is her own child. However, after the mistress’ dies Jacobs learns all too soon the spitefulness of slavery. Just as Equiano questions his first master in England that teaches him how to be a gentleman and read but is sold and robbed for his earned money; Jacobs endures the same heartache. Jacob also suffers the misfortunes of her first master when she and her siblings are sold separately to each of her mistress’ relatives. But I was her slave, and I suppose she did not recognize me as her neighbor (Jacobs 503). Jacobs saw her mistress as a mother-figure that taught her about religion and God but forsakes their relationship after her death by willing her to Dr. Flint’s young
In the middle of the text, when Jacobs’s master, Mr. Flint, insults her, she “remember[s] that but for him [she] might have been a virtuous, free, and happy wife” (41). Jacobs points out that she could have been virtuous but she was forced to choose a darker path because of her cruel master. Proving the good intentions for her life, Jacobs reminds her audience that her unfortunate decisions are because of her situation—not a flaw in her character. Later, Jacobs describes how, because of slavery, “there [is] no chance for [her] to be respectable,” (53). Jacob continues to point out that if she were a free woman, she could have had a better life. Jacobs continues to use her environment as the defense for her behavior, which further highlights that slave women, who are given one of the most unfortunate lots in life, should not be judged so harshly. At the end of the book, when Jacobs is forced to lie as a result of her situation, she excuses herself by saying, “So far as my ways have been crooked, I charge them all upon slavery” (113). Jacobs explicitly and decisively states that any wrongdoing on her part is a direct cause of slavery. If Jacobs is excused because of her position as an abused slave, then, in consideration of their circumstances, all slave women should be given greater empathy and understanding rather than
Many slave narratives share common themes. They discuss the brutality they experience, they discuss religion, and they discuss family. These narratives not only capture the spirit of the slave, they also capture the spirit of their masters, their family, and the abolitionist of the time. These narratives also display the slave’s desperation to attain freedom. Two of the most significant slave narrative would be A Narrative of the life of Fredrick Douglass, an American Slave and Incidents in the life of a Slave Girl. Both narratives exemplify many models for resistance. The models for resistance in Harriet Jacobs’s narrative include her relationship, where she ran away to, and also motherhood while in Frederick Douglass’s narrative his models
In conclusion, women were considered property and slave holders treated them as they pleased. We come to understand that there was no law that gave protection to female slaves. Harriet Jacob’s narrative shows the true face of how slaveholders treated young female slave. The female slaves were sexually exploited which damaged them physically and psychologically. Furthermore it details how the slave holder violated the most sacred commandment of nature by corrupting the self respect and virtue of the female slave. Harriet Jacob writes this narrative not to ask for pity or to be sympathized but rather to show the white people to be aware of how female slaves constantly faced sexual exploitation which damaged their body and soul.