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Discuss the theory of communication
Discuss the theory of communication
Communication theory
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Introduction
Communication is ubiquitous. Through out a normal day one might say hello to a neighbor, use hand gestures to express a message, smile at a stranger, or text a friend about dinner plans. These activities and more may happen on a “normal” day but the analysis of such interactions can prove to be quite complicated. The study of various theories of communication shed light on the reasons why people interact the way the do as well as help prepare a person for future communicative encounters. It is important to be able to communicate with another but it is equally important to explore the significance behind each type of encounter you take part in, as there are many distinctive types of communication. The theory of Cognitive Dissonance provides insight into the classic conundrum of knowing or believing one thing and doing another. An artifact analysis of this theory, using the ABC Family television series Gilmore Girls, will supply a clearer understanding of the complicated phenomena.
Cognitive Dissonance Described
American social psychologist and original developer of the theory of Cognitive Dissonance Leon Festinger breaks down his theory into two main parts. First, the presence of dissonance, inconsistency or unpleasantness, will psychologically motivate a person to achieve consonance, consistency or pleasantness (Festinger 3). Psychologist Elliot Aronson, key researcher in the 20th century of this theory, expands on the definition of dissonance to be more straightforward. Dissonance occurs when a person holds two ideas, beliefs, or opinions at the same time that are contradictory with one and other. Part two of the theory states that a person will attempt to avoid situations or knowledge that would possibly or pro...
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...ple. Even if more investigation does not happen for a while, the study of the theory alone would help round out any persons communication skills.
Works Cited
Aronson, Elliot. (1969). Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, Volume
4. New York, NY: Academic Press, INC. 19-23.
Crump, David. (2008). The Social Psychology of Evil: Can the Law Prevent Groups
From Making Good People Go Bad?. Brigham Young University Law Review,
Volume 2008 (Issue 5). 1444-1457.
Festinger, Leon. (1985). A Theory of Cognitive Dissonance. Stanford, Ca: Stanford
University Press. 1-31.
Scott-Kakures, Dion. (2009). Unsettling Questions: Cognitive Dissonance in Self-
Deception. Social Theory & Practice, Volume 35 (Issue 1). 73-106.
Sherman-Palladino, Amy. (Producer). (2000). Gilmore Girls
(Television Series). Burbank, Ca: Warner Brothers Studios.
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Cognitive dissonance is a communication theory mostly used in the field of social psychology in providing a theoretical framework in dealing with various issues relating to psychology. The title provides us with the concept that cognitive is thinking while dissonance is the inconsistency or conflict brought about. Cognitive dissonance manifests when one holds two or more incompatible beliefs simultaneously. This theory has been used and applied in several disciplines including communication, due to its simplicity and straightforwardness. The theory is commonly applied in these dynamic fields since it replaces previous conditioning or reinforcement theories by viewing individuals as more purposeful decision makers striving to acquire a balance in their beliefs. Cognitions are chunks or bits of knowledge which can pertain to any variety of values, emotions or values. These cognations can be related to one another or they can also be completely independent from each other (Cooper, 06). For instance, one may like to eat junk food, but may also be trying to lose weight. The two cognitions are related to each other in tha...
Cognitive dissonance theory is the theory that we act to reduce the discomfort we feel when two of our thoughts are inconsistent. There are three methods that dissonance can be condensed. Individuals can modify one or more of the beliefs, attitude, behaviors, and more, this way the connection between the two elements are in agreement with one another. Another method is to gather new information that will compensate the dissonant beliefs. The third method is to decrease the importance of the beliefs, attitudes, behavior, and etc. Dissonance theory does not say that these methods will work; only people in the state of cognitive dissonance will use these methods to condense the degree of their dissonance. Cognitive dissonance theory
lected Theory: Cognitive Dissonance is an objective communication theory created by Leon Festinger, a Stanford University social psychologist. Cognitive Dissonance is a conflicting mental state caused by discrepancy between two beliefs held by an individual. The more important the belief the stronger the dissonance. The strain caused by dissonance leads us to change our behavior or belief. Festinger says there are three different ways to reduce or avoid dissonance: selective exposure, postdecision dissonance, and minimal justification. Also, Festinger describes three different reasons for why one reduces dissonance. These reasons are self- consistency, personal responsibility for bad outcomes, and self- affirmation to dissipate dissonance.
“Humans are not a rational animal, but a rationalizing one” (“Class 20”). This was asserted by the much acclaimed, significant, and influential social psychologist Leon Festinger as referencing to his theory of Cognitive Dissonance. Social psychology is “a branch of psychology particularly concerned with understanding social behaviors such as” incentive and compliance (Sheehy). Festinger’s contributions to the social and cognitive branches of psychology as well psychology overall prove themselves worthy to today. This theory specifically challenged many common notions that were seemingly already accepted by behaviorists everywhere during his time (Tavris and Aronson). Its reality awakens its verifications. Consecutively, its “enormous motivational power” affects many on a daily basis (Tavris and Aronson). In the final analysis, the theory of Cognitive Dissonance by Leon Festinger is fundamental to behaviorism while directly changing the way human beings across the planet think and do.
Throughout the semester, we have studied numerous communication theories. Their purpose is to help understand exactly what happens when we interact with others. We might not necessarily agree with all of the theories, but the idea is to develop tools to evaluate situations we may encounter. Often, when the theories are explained in the readings or lecture, it is beneficial to apply the concepts to a "real life" situation. Using this approach, I will use a situation that many of us have faced, or will face, and analyze it according to a particular communication theory.
...e. This theory went a lot deeper than I thought it would, I was genuinely surprised. Most of the interpersonal communication theories that are taught arguably are common sense theories. Yet, when you consider when these theories were constructed and the certain events that took place inspiring the ideas in the first place…it’s actually quite remarkable. Elizabeth Noelle-Neumann had a fundamental idea inspired by researchers before her time, an idea that explains why all humans think a certain way or don’t think a certain way. Quite remarkable.