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Effect of Mongol rule
The life of Genghis Khan
The life of Genghis Khan
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Many of the early civilizations are only remembered because of their size and their major accomplishments and these civilizations are remembered today because they at some point had a great leader who was able to spread their empire to their highest point. These empires would become united for a short period of time because the culture of the leader happened to spread or mix with the culture of the people who have been conquered. Genghis Khan is no exception. Genghis Khan does not deserve the recognition that he received from the byproducts of his conquests that he never intended to happen by the raping and killing of many people when trade would have been a sufficient solution.
Genghis Khan was a great military leader and was able to spread
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Many of these books, “brush off 30-50 million deaths…. A sentence here or there saying yes the Mongols did great damage in certain places but that’s dwarfed by their impact on globalization and trade and commerce” (00:9:33- 00:9:46). Historians want readers to focus on the positive things that happened during their rule rather than the killing of the millions of people because if the positive things didn’t happen and they only talked about the killing the Mongols would just be seen as ruthless killers and only a menace rather than the people who helped to spread culture and trade throughout Central Asia and Europe. Without the positive things that historians credit them for many of the greatest leaders would have a very different demeanor in the fact that they would be perceived very differently without the knowledge of them doing something good that cancelled out all the killing that they did to accomplish it. Many conquerors would be viewed very differently today, “ if you take away or exclude these byproducts of these historical conquerors careers, things like the spread of hellenism for Alexander. These conquerors begin to look like people who came on the scene and inflicted a horrific amount of killing and suffering on other for no good reason. Unless you consider conquest a good reason all by itself” (00:13:49- 00:14:14). Without the following results of the conquests of these different leaders they would be perceived by people today as blood-thirsty killers who only lead battle for the joy of killing people. Many of these peaceful ages come after their empire has spread to its fullest which is caused after the death of many people who didn’t deserve to die. Many conquerors killed people for glory and the
Genghis Kahn conquered a total of 4,860,000 square miles. That’s more than two times the amount lassoed by Alexander the Great, the second most successful conquerer. The amount of land that Genghis Kahn conquered is over one million square miles greater than the entire area of the United States, Alaska and Hawaii not included. (doc A) The pain inflicted by Khan and his army during their conquests was unfathomably merciless, demented, and “barbaric.” His victories resulted from actions and inhumane methods. (doc D and doc F) The law code he enforced was ruthless and unyielding. (doc K and doc N) Very few of his successful methods were harmless. (doc L) Enormous inhabitant deaths occurred. (doc E and doc I) The only religions acknowledged were monotheistic. (doc H, doc G, and doc M) The Mongol Empire was infinitely more barbaric than any other empire seen before the thirteenth century.
Many people ask “How Barbaric were the Barbarians”. The truth be told, the mongols were more barbaric than they were peaceful. They were able to conquer more than 4,800,000 miles of land using brutal and strategic military tactics, destroy and conquer cities, along with using extremely harsh punishments for their prisoners. Because of this, the mongols were able to stay in power for about 300 years. Many people believe that they mongols were more peaceful than they were barbaric because of how economically stable they were. However the mongols killed thousands and left millions terrified across Asia.
... were positive, one may argue that these individuals only saw the tolerant and fair-minded side of the Mongols, and not the relentless warrior part of the society who was known for its “dirty” tactics of war, which went as far as launching diseased-ridden corpses over the walls of castles during sieges. Alternatively, one may argue that the scholars who provided negative documentation of the Mongols only saw the destructive side, not the open-minded side of the society who were known for their cultural acceptance. Although these accounts allowed for an adequate idea of the nature of the Mongols, a record from a peasant who was not a member of the upper class in their society, as all reports presented were from historians, scholars, and political leaders. This would allow for a different perspective on the issue and would produce a better understanding of the topic.
When the word “Mongol” is said I automatically think negative thoughts about uncultured, barbaric people who are horribly cruel and violent. That is only because I have only heard the word used to describe such a person. I have never really registered any initial information I have been taught about the subject pass the point of needing and having to know it. I felt quite incompetent on the subject and once I was given an assignment on the book, Genghis Khan and the Making of the Modern Age, I was very perplexed for two reasons. One I have to read an outside book for a class that already requires a substantial amount of time reading the text, and secondly I have to write a research paper in History. I got over it and read the book, which surprisingly enough interested me a great deal and allow me to see the Moguls for more than just a barbaric group of Neanderthals, but rather a group of purpose driven warriors with a common goal of unity and progression. Jack Weatherford’s work has given me insight on and swayed my opinion of the Mongols.
The Mongols were also known for their surprise attack which spread to other armies, making it a keen warfare used all around the world. This battle tactic consisted of a group of men who are fighting out on the battlefield and they begin to retreat only to draw the enemy into a trap. The enemy runs into a rain of arrows as the rest of the men are hiding off to the side with loaded weapons, and fierce ground fighters ready for combat. This is one key that the Mongols had to help them conquer Asia. Lastly, the Mongols had a positive impact on the world because they united most of Asia.
The Mongols; a vicious and destructive military force, feared throughout its empire and under the rule of one man, Chinggis Khan. This picture of the Mongols and their empire is one often painted by our modern society. However, much of what we think we know about the Mongols has been exaggerated and biased from the point of view of the people that were conquered. In reality, the Mongols, although at times violent and destructive, bore many similarities in tactics and practices to the classical empires that had preceded them. They were not just simple barbaric savages looking to destroy whatever they could. They were a people united for a common purpose, trying to achieve it the same way that prior civilizations had done so: military force. Even though a Western perspective may find the actions of the Mongols objectionable, it must be understood that this was not a Western society, nor did it house the same values as one. The Mongols were not the destructive barbarians they are often made out to be, but rather an effective military force working for unification.
In the 13th century BC, the Mongols rose to power and conquered an empire whose size still has yet to matched. The Mongols conquered lands such as China, leaving such a lasting influence on them that their legacy still lives on. However, despite the Mongols success, their actions have left a constantly ongoing debate on whether they were barbarians, seen and portrayed by different societies of their time as people with no morale or modern civilities, or civilized people who were just feared by other societies. Although the Mongols are generally now seen as Barbarians because of their violent and barbaric war tactics they used to instill fear in people, they are actually civilized because they had a strategically organized army, and because they were accepting of the customs of other peoples. These two elements would eventually lead them to their success.
Throughout history, there have been many empires that have shaped the outcome of all life on this world that we live on. Some of the greatest empires in the world, the Roman Empire, the greatest militaristic regime in history, or perhaps we can look towards northern Europe and the British Empire, those who had the capability to control the greatest amount of land mass in history. However there is one thing that even those famed Brits never accomplished. Something only one group in history has managed to do, a group that stands out among a crowd of the greatest people to represent planet earth. The men to strike fear Into the most battle hardened soldiers, the barbarians, the moguls. So what did the Mongols accomplish that was special. They managed to conquer the largest contiguous land mass in the worlds an area that stretched from Egypt to Russia and also to encompass all of China. Doing this they managed to shape the lives of millions of people. from Russia to China and everywhere in between. However most historians agree that China was affected more than any other country by the reign of the Mongols. The effects the Mongolian Empire had on China were large and diverse, and included but not limited to the economic influx due to the increased amount of trade routes and the utilization of the peasant class, the social impact, as all people part of the Mongolian empire flew under one one banner, and finally the technological impact as ideas flourished under the watchful eye of the Mongols.
Every argument has two sides. One of the greatest examples of this is the Mongols, the largest empire to have ever been created. During its greatest height in the 13th century, the Mongols are thought to be one of the most barbaric empires to have ever existed. Yet, they show great signs of being civilized. To better understand what the Mongols should be classified as, there needs to be a platform on what is barbaric and what is civilized. To be barbaric is to have no sense of mercy and to have a society that is not fully developed. To be civilized, on the other hand, is to be fully developed, unified, and to act in a well-mannered fashion. Taking all of this into account, it can be determined that the Mongols are barbaric. Although the Mongols can seem civilized through the building of their public works, keeping them unified, they were in truth barbaric because of their harsh laws and ruthless military tactics. This brutal lifestyle made the people living under the Mongolian empire fearful, preventing the full development of the society.
When Westerners such as ourselves and people native to Europe are asked what they know of the Mongols the answer is usually ruthless barbarians intent upon world domination. After all these years you would expect that the educational points presented to the different generations in school would have given a different view of the Mongol civilization. Leaving this vision instilled upon generation after generation is detrimental to learning the different positive aspects left behind by such a powerful empire. The nomadic lifestyle that the Mongols endured empowered them to become hardy warriors. The Mongols began their conquests in response to Ghengis Khans personal missions as well as a disruption in trade and the ecology of the land upon which they inhabited.
The Mongols are known for their barbaric and terrifying battle tactics as well as humiliating and enslaving communities with varying religions. They relied heavily on shock tactics using weaponry that not only could greatly harm an enemy, but also be used as a scare tactic. Hostage taking and human shields were all classic Mongol moves, they were experts at siege technology and were deliberately brutal to people who didn't submit to their rules this bloodthirsty and chaotic combination made them the premier fighting force of their era.
Many people have heard of Genghis Khan, most people know he was a great conqueror, but very little people know of his non-military achievements. With just enough warriors to fill a modern football stadium, Genghis Khan conquered lands from the Pacific Ocean to the Caspian Sea. Khan connected Europe and Asia in trade and diplomatic relations when before his time, they had never even heard of each other. Khan improved the political structure, studied science and philosophy, invented investing back into the economy, and improved the education of the common man. Khan was a great warrior, but that was the least of his accomplishments. Khan improved the welfare and quality of life for most people in the known world with his improvements in administrative.
Genghis Khan, born Temujin in 1162 AD was known as the Great Unifier for the Mongols. The Mongols were nomadic people that originated from what is today known as Mongolia. Khan, whose name means ‘Universal Leader’ is known as the founder of the Mongol’s empire before his death in 1227 AD. He started by conquering most of Asia such and pretty much all of China. During this expansion, while the Mongols conquered these places, they did not yet occupy any of them. It was more like unifying the world, or as much of it as possible, under one banner. However, the Mongol expansion, like everything in this life, had consequences. One of its most dire one was the reopening of the Afro-Eurasian trade routes and starting trading again. That is a dire consequence
They also created great empires, strengthening the cities that they ruled. They gained this ruler ship through submission. When the Mongols came across a city in their path, they gave them a chance to surrender. If that city showed hostility or resisted, they were pillaged and then destroyed. If they submitted however, the Mongols become their rulers. This wasn’t all disadvantageous though. Under Mongol rule, these cities found security from outside barbarians, making trade relatively secure which caused it to thrive. Not only did these men create a grand empire in this way, but they also helped entwine the different cultures of Asia together. Once cultures were incorporated into the Mongolian empire, they could open trade safer than before. With the Mongols incorporating so many empires into their empire, cultures mixed greatly. This was amazingly impactful towards cultural advancements. With the combining of ideas, all the values and beliefs mixed, creating a much more “rounded” community. Had it not been for the Mongols, this may never have happened and this is one of the many reasons that the Mongols were an integral part of cultural development and their importance truly shines
In the West, Genghis Khan and the Mongol tribe are often presented as brutal savages who wiped out entire cultures, destroyed cities and killed many people. While these accounts are true, there was certainly more to the Mongol empire than sheer brutality. Many of the practices that Genghis Khan put into place were responsible for the successes of the Mongol Nation. With an ability to adapt and innovate, Genghis Khan became known as the world’s greatest conqueror and is still revered in many countries today.