Tatiana Martinez Individual and Society Professor Eviatar Zerubavel April 24, 2014 Gender Identity: A Social Construction From the instant we are born, we are taught about gender. We are labeled male or female and from that point on, it becomes one of the basic aspects of our identity. For some, sex and gender may mean something similar, as in either female or male. Yet these two are very different since gender is not a purely anatomical distinction. Women behave one way and men another, an idea that we are enriched with by our environment at a young age. Society chooses what it means to be a man or to be a woman and who should be feminine and who should act masculine. Gender identity is how we choose to express our gender and act in our gender roles. Whether we are male or female does not solely rely on our sexual organs. The way we were brought up, our community, culture, beliefs and the media are some of the ways that structure our own understanding of our primary identity. Gender expectations surround us in everyday life. It is one of the first things we learn to classify; ...
Sex and gender have commonly been thought to be interchangeable words that mean the same thing, but this could not be further from the truth. The reason that they are different words is that they do not define nor represent the same thing. Where sex deals with the biological aspect of individuals, like chromosomes, hormones, and sex organs, gender deals with the behavioral characteristics of a person and how they are perceived culturally. (Giraudo 2017) Sex is inherent while gender is learned from society, culture, and social interactions. Gender identity is how a person thinks of themselves, and gender expression is how they choose to represent themselves through clothes, behavior, and interactions. The commonly held belief that society would
Where does a boy learn to be a man and a girl learn to be a woman? If is impossible for one to pinpoint the exact moment in time where they learned what it means to be a boy or a girl. The reason? Gender roles are a result of constant exposure to gender socialization. From birth forward, we become susceptible to society’s opinion on what a male or female should consist of. The way we dress, the way we act, the choices we make, and the way we interact with others can all be linked in some way back to the gender roles present in our lives. While that may not seem like such a bad thing, gender roles can prove to be quite detrimental to the growth and development of a child. This is because gender roles provide stringent guidelines that one feels compelled to adhere to, leaving little choice and autonomy for a child growing up in our society.
Gender Identity is a strong topic that many discuss in day to day living. It’s important to understand that gender identity has three different terms, according to Dictionary.com. A lot of people have many different opinions about gender identity. You’re probably thinking There is only two genders in this world male and female. I too, believe that there are only two genders in this world and that people are born straight. Grysman explains, “Gender is among the earliest categories that infants become aware of, and from toddlerhood on, children categorize both themselves and others as female or male.” (613.) People are not given a choice to be who they want to be, since your gender is assigned at birth.
How do we define gender? Gender identity is a person's private sense and subjective experience of their own gender. All societies have gender categories usually falling under male or female. Gender identity is usually formed by age three and is extremely difficult to change after that. Gender identity is formed as society teaches you how your gender should act or look. Before a child is born their gender is socialized. When the doctors tells you if you are carrying a boy or girl it all starts. For girls you smother them in pink! Pink clothes, pick room, pink everything. For boys they get blue thrown at them. Who is to say they would even like those colors. These colors are used to help the child be identified by others. Blue and pink distinguish the child putting them either in the category male or female. Everything in the baby’s life is distinguished upon by they binary view of male or female. The baby girl’s nursery usually consist of flowers or princesses. The baby boy’s room is usually sports or animals themed. I conducted an experiment to test the sociological claim that gender is largely learned through socialization.
People tend to be less conscious of how they daily use their bodies to express gender and how their bodies generate their identities. Dieting, makeup, nail polishing, wearing high-heels and body movements are one of the examples of the body self-disciplines, which the female unconsciously performs as a part of their gender identity every day. Foucault wrote that identity is a form of subjugation and exercising the power upon individual or society. As a part of identity, gender identity can be considered as a limitation of personal freedom, which prevents individual from moving outside fixed gender boundaries. The society establishes gender boundaries on different social levels according to existing norms and values prescribed to masculinity and femininity. Disciplining as “a political anatomy of detail” is one of the hidden mechanisms of power, which society uses to form ‘docile
Gender is not about the biological differences between men and women but rather the behavioral, cultural and psychological traits typically associated with one sex. Gender is socially constructed meaning it 's culturally specific, it 's learned and shared through gender socialization. What it means to be a woman or man is going to differ based on the culture, geographical location, and time. What it meant to be a woman in the US in the 19th century is different than what it means to be a woman in the 21st century. As cultures evolve over time so are the ideals of what it means to be man or woman.
Gender and sex are commonly used as interchangeable terms yet when applied to interchangeable lifestyles, history has shown there are great delineations and disparities between individuals who overlay their biological and social identities. Sex is referred to as a person’s biological status comprised of internal organs, external genitalia, and chromosomal composition. (American Psychiatric Association, 2013) In contrast, gender refers to feelings, thoughts, and behaviors of cultural gender-normative, expectations, and congruent conformity between sex and gender roles (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Individuals that do not align with standard definitions have been classified as having a Gender Identity Disorder (GID) or as Gender-Variant (GV). Since the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V) was published in 2013, all gender related diagnosis have been categorized under Gender Dysphoria (GD) (Zucker, 2009). To gain an in-depth understanding of gender dysphoria this paper will cover the history, criteria, treatment approaches and goals, as well as cultural and environmental issues related to the diagnosis.
When someone says ‘gender categorization and identity’, I think of the 1950’s and places where women aren’t worth as much as men. They hold some negative connotations for me, but they aren’t bad in their essence. Categorization is placing things into classes, to organize them. We categorize gender as children because of our culture. A doll is assessed as a girl because it wears a dress, yet it cannot be female. People are assigned the most basic identity in gender, no matter who they are. A black male would be categorized differently than a black female would be. Erving Goffman takes this debate a step further to say that some behaviors are “somehow inherent in their sex” (qtd. by Tannen; 63). Behaviors of men and women seem to fall into patterns with their corresponding genders. Not everyone fits into these neat little boxes. This does, however, show gender categorization. Gender identity is the opposite of gender categorization. This is the way we see
Walking down the busy streets of Tempe, I found myself at the local CVS located on University and Mills Ave. As soon as I entered the store, I immediately began my search for the aisle that haunted my childhood set the social construction of gender within my pre-adolescent mind. It took me a while to locate the aisle, due to the simple fact that I am not fond of asking for assistance, for that is something men do not do. I could not help but notice the bright florescent light that guided my vision to a purple sign which encrypted “TOYS”. While looking at this adequately small assortment of toys, I unconsciously started to pace back and forth and eventually found myself sitting on the floor. I was stumped. I kept thinking, “What is this lady talking about? What gender binary? I am so confused!”. This particular assignment not only puzzled
The terms sex, gender and sexuality relate with one another, however, sociologists had to distinguish these terms because it has it’s own individual meaning. Sex is the biological identity of a person when they are first born, like being a male or female. Gender is the socially learned behaviors and expectations associated with men and women like being masculine or feminine. Gender can differentiate like being a man, woman, transgender, intersex, etcetera. Sexuality refers to desire, sexual preference, and sexual identity and behavior (1). Sexuality can differentiate as well like being homosexual, heterosexual, bisexual, etcetera. Like all social identities, gender is socially constructed. In the Social Construction of Gender, this theory shows
The thought of gender is that people are born either female or male, but that they learn to associate behavior patterns with each sex. Gender identity is when people develop a gender identity that is a perception of themselves as masculine or feminine, early in life. Gender identity often corresponds to a person’s biological sex, is learned in early childhood and usually remains relatively fixed throughout life. Gender stereotypes are expectations on how people will look, act, think, and feel due to their gender (Benokraitis, 2015).
While the terms “gender” and “sex” are often used interchangeably, the two words have significantly different definitions. One could argue that sex refers to biological essentialism and the idea that we are who we are because of our genetic material. On the other hand, gender is associated with the social constructionist theory, which argues that the way we are is dependent on our race, class, and sexuality. Because each person is different in their race, class, and sexuality, their gender becomes socially constructed. To argue that gender is not socially constructed would be to say that all people, for example, that are biologically female have the same goals. However, this cannot be true because within the sphere of being female, that individual person varies from the next in their race, class, and/or sexuality, each of which affect their goals and perspectives differently from their sister, friend, and neighbor. One’s gender identity refers to his or her perception of self as a male or female, as well as being masculine or feminine. Because masculinity and femininity are fluid, rather than static, they are dependent on the perspective of the beholder. A person’s perspective is often influenced by their surroundings as well as values with which they were raised, both of which are never identical between two people. Race, class, and sexuality are the underlying factors that influence perspectives and values, thus differentiating the understanding and portrayal of gender identity from one person to another.
Gender is such a ubiquitous notion that humans assume gender is biological. However, gender is a notion that is made up in order to organize human life. It is created and recreated giving power to the dominant gender, creating an inferior gender and producing gender roles. There are many questionable perspectives such as how two genders are learned, how humans learn their own gender and others genders, how they learn to appropriately perform their gender and how gender roles are produced. In order to understand these perspectives, we must view gender as a social institution. Society bases gender on sex and applies a sex category to people in daily life by recognizing gender markers. Sex is the foundation to which gender is created. We must understand the difference between anatomical sex and gender in order to grasp the development of gender. First, I will be assessing existing perspectives on the social construction of gender. Next, I will analyze three case studies and explain how gender construction is applied in order to provide a clearer understanding of gender construction. Lastly, I will develop my own case study by analyzing the movie Mrs. Doubtfire and apply gender construction.
Social Construction of Gender Today’s society plays a very important role in the construction of gender. Gender is a type of issue that has raised many questions over the years in defining and debating if both male and female are equal. Today, gender is constructed in four different ways. The The first way gender is defined is by the family in which a child is raised.
Many believe sex and gender are the same but in reality they differ greatly. Gender takes in consideration what groups deem as normal behavior for a male and female. But sex is what your body parts consist of, your reproduction organs and a penis or vagina (Henslin, 2015, p. 291). You come into this world with a sex, but the world around you influences whether you choose to express yourself in a feminine or masculine way. Where you are in the world impacts what you and your society view as correct behavior for men and women.