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Sexism in films essay
Effects of gender stereotypes in media
Sexism in films essay
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According to Mulvey, the male gaze emphasizes the objectification of women as sex objects by spreading the idea of "Men doing the looking and women being there instead be looked at" then normalizes the scopophilia (or peeping tom). This theory presents gender bias by asserting men in active roles a passion for saving, sexing and inspiring the passive woman because women only possess power through their sexuality. Visually confined to on-screen submission the subjection of females annihilates the threat they may possess. In doing so, the concept of gendered thinking determined as ignored when the female gaze is not recognized as possessing the same structures as the male gaze. When the opposition (female gaze) gaze presents itself, the audience …show more content…
The shift from housewife to working woman presents effect to distance the power difference between Bridget and Don. While Bridget's initial goal is to gain enough income to stabilize her household, it becomes the decision she makes independently (without husband's consent) to steal money that makes her the breadwinner, therefore more superior than her husband. The film further exemplifies gender thinking as Bridget becomes the first person to establish a successful scheme to outsmart the government out of undocumented revenue; inside and outside the bank. Being the mastermind of the operation, she withholds most of the power over everybody in the scheme. It is her greed that puts everyone in this situation of distress, and it is her greed that convinces everyone to stay in the plot (6 months after the ploy). The depiction of lust for larceny advocates the active role of female presence in the film. Bridget's age remains her most significant advantage against the system because she looked at as non-threating; she can operate her plan smoothly. The stereotypes generated from the male gaze, therefore, do not contribute to her foils but benefit her revenue and her loved
Led by Laura Mulvey, feminist film critics have discussed the difficulty presented to female spectators by the controlling male gaze and narrative generally found in mainstream film, creating for female spectators a position that forces them into limited choices: "bisexual" identification with active male characters; identification with the passive, often victimized, female characters; or on occasion, identification with a "masculinized" active female character, who is generally punished for her unhealthy behavior. Before discussing recent improvements, it is important to note that a group of Classic Hollywood films regularly offered female spectators positive, female characters who were active in controlling narrative, gazing and desiring: the screwball comedy.
We cannot deny the imperfection of the world today; poverty, violence, lack of education, and the general overwhelming deficiency of basic daily necessities are among some of the most troubling issues on the agenda. By carefully selecting our critical lens, we can gather that there are many aspects of today’s issues where we can focus our attention and begin the quest for solutions to these pervasive problems. Authors Nicholas Kristof and Sheryl WuDunn (2009) utilize their book Half the Sky: Turning Oppression into Opportunity for Women Worldwide to emphasize the particular struggle of women in the world today and how by addressing three particular abuses of sex trafficking and forced prostitution, gender-based violence (including honor killings and mass rape), and maternal mortality, we may begin “unlocking an incipient women’s movement to emancipate women and fight global poverty” (p. xxii). However, we must first understand the difficulty of addressing such complex issues by a proposing a “one-size fits all” solution and take into consideration the varying feminist perspectives that currently contemplate the oppression of women in societies around the world. To be able to critically digest Kristof and WuDunn’s book we must explore the types of stories and evidence included and how they’re presented, and the generalized theories behind the insight and solutions regarding the women in need around the world. The authors alienate their audience by ignoring the complexity of building a singular feminist movement. Kristof and WuDunn’s book Half the Sky further contributes to the oppression of women because they objectify Third World women by portraying them as victims in need of outside rescue and suggest that an overarching solution...
Sexism is prejudice or discrimination based on sex or gender, especially against women and girls. It can be the belief that one sex is more superior to the opposite sex. In this movie, Jean Kilbourne narrates how media perpetrates the idea that the male is superior to the female. She proves her point through presenting examples of how women are altered in advertisements.
Title: Gender Differences in Perception of Optical Illusions Background: The brain relies on visual cues to interpret the world around us, but sometimes these cues can lead to illusions. Retinal images are flat representations of a three-dimensional world, and our visual system must use powerful restraints to interpret them accurately. Illusions occur when these restraints fail, revealing the ambiguity of our perception.
Scopophilia is taking other people as objects, subjecting them to a controlling and curious gaze by allowing the spectator to look into a secret diegetic world, a projection of desire onto the former. For example, Peeping Tom (1960) stimulates a direct connection with the audience between eye and phallus, through the form of a camera wielded by protagonist and serial killer Mark Lewis (Carl Boehm). He is equip...
Once upon a time, there was a 16 year old mermaid princess named Ariel who gave up her voice, an important part of her identity, in order to be with a man who she became infatuated with at just one glance. Ariel has a very traditional gender-stereotypical role in the film, as the helpless, clueless, naive, physically weak, submissive, and attractive female protagonist that Disney films, especially the classics, portray so often (England). There is a lot of controversy surrounding this film in regards to its patriarchal ideals. The Little Mermaid, like most media, is build for the ‘male gaze’, a term coined by Laura Mulvey that suggests that visual entertainment, such as movies, are structured to be viewed by a masculine consumer. I will argue that the male gaze perpetuates harmful gender-stereotypes in The Little Mermaid.
When we discuss gender, the first thing that pops into our minds is the physical dissimilarities between men and women. For the longest time, I never realized that there are a diverse variety of issues involving gender, which are examined in the essay “Gender Blur” written by Deborah Blum. I now understand some of the factors involved, such as biological development, gender identification and behaviors, influences on aggression, and how testosterone affects behaviors and career choice.
Girls are supposed to play with dolls, wear pink, and grow up to become princesses. Boys are suppose to play with cars, wear blue, and become firefighters and policemen. These are just some of the common gender stereotypes that children grow up to hear. Interactions with toys are one of the entryway to different aspects of cognitive development and socialism in early childhood. As children move through development they begin to develop different gender roles and gender stereotypes that are influenced by their peers and caregivers. (Chick, Heilman-Houser, & Hunter, 2002; Freeman, 2007; Leaper, 2000)
You are at an interview, the interviewer says that you are not qualified for the job because of your gender. What would you say? Sexism has caused stereotypes, and harassment in the workforce, and professional sports, therefore people should know more about sexism. Media is a powerful tool of communication, it produces both negative and positive impacts on society.
It was made popular by feminist and film theorist Laura Mulvey in 1975 in her essay ‘Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema’. Mulvey a Professor of film and media at the University of London introduced the ‘second wave feminist’ which is a concept that focused and studied the “Male gaze”. The concept features a gender power that is located within the film, media and the art world. Even though earlier studies of the gaze could be found within other academics works, Mulvey has been acknowledged for bringing this theory to the forefront of both academia and feminist movements. Mulvey believed that women were being objectified within and by the use of film due to the fact that the cameras were being controlled by ‘heterosexual men’, this meant that Hollywood films were playing at being voyeuristic. Later, this concept became an influential theory within feminist films and media studies as well as
The Bluest Eye written by Toni Morrison tells the story of several African Americans living in the rural south from 1910 to 1941. One of the main characters in the book happens to be Pecola Breedlove. Throughout the book Pecola encounters many hardships. Her problems range from home, school, extracurricular activities; even if she is walking down the street she has a problem with someone. It is very obvious that during this time period, white people are not that fond of African Americans and you would think that Pecola has the most trouble with. When in all actuality, many of the problems she encountered where her own people so to speak. The people who bullied her felt that because she was a darker skin tone that she was a target.
Over the past decades, media has constructed and manipulated women into being the main form of sexual pleasure for the male viewer. Pleasure in looking, scopophilia, is one of many possible types of pleasure that media presents. Scopophilia does not only present looking as a source of pleasure, but also the pleasure in being looked upon. Freud explains in his book, the three essays on the theory of sexuality (1905) that one of the main instincts of sexuality is scopophilia, and that scopophilia should be isolated as an independent source of pleasure because it does not depend on the erotogenic zones. Freud further demonstrates that “he associated scopophilia with taking other people as objects, subjecting them to a controlling and curious gaze” (Mulvey, 1975, p. 16.). As such, the theory of scopophilia does not only involve pleasure in being looked at and the pleasure in looking, but also the pleasure of looking at someone as an object. Freud ties scopophilia to the curiosity children show considering the human body and other people’s genitals. The media pleases the primitive lust of looking, while developing a narcissistic form of scopophilia in the audience (KILDE.
Feminist theory was derived from the social movement of feminism where political women fight for the right of females in general and argue in depth about the unequality we face today. In the aspect of cinema, feminists notice the fictitious representations of females and also, machismo. In 1974, a book written by Molly Haskell "From Reverence to Rape: The treatment of Women in Movies" argues about how women almost always play only passive roles while men are always awarded with active, heroic roles. Moreover, how women are portrayed in movies are very important as it plays a big role to the audience on how to look at a woman and how to treat her in real life due to the illusionism that cinema offers. These images of women created in the cinema shapes what an ideal woman is. This can be further explained through an article 'Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema' written by a feminist named Laura Mulvey in 1975. She uses psychoanalysis theories by Sigmund Freud to analyze 'Scopophilia' which is the desire to see. This explains how the audience is hooked to the screen when a sexy woman is present. In a bigger picture, where Scopophilia derives from, 'Voyeurism' is also known as feeling visual pleasure when looking at another. Narcissism on the other hand means identifying one's self with the role played. It is not hard to notice that in classical cinema, men often play the active role while the women are always the object of desire for the male leads, displayed as a sexual object and frequently the damsels in distress. Therefore, the obvious imbalance of power in classical cinema shows how men are accountable to moving the narratives along. Subconsciously, narcissism occurs in the audience as they ...
Gender stereotyping has been ongoing throughout history. The media has been distorting views by representing gender unrealistically and inaccurately. It created an image of what "masculinity" or "femininity" should be like and this leads to the image being "naturalized" in a way (Gail and Humez 2014). The media also attempts to shape their viewers into something ‘desirable’ to the norm. This essay will focus on the negative impacts of gender-related media stereotypes by looking at the pressures the media sets on both women and men, and also considering the impacts on children.
Gender bias has a long history and continues to occur in the workplace today. Research indicates that women remain significantly disadvantaged and mistreated compared to men in the workforce. How do the disparities of hiring, promotion, and salaries affect women in the workplace?