Four Key Stages Of Self-Directed Learning

Self-directed learning is not a new concept. In fact, much has been written about it. Unfortunately, however, it is a notion that has a variety of interpretations and applications in the corporate training arena. Typical, narrow interpretations involve simply giving learners some sort of choice in their learning. For example, allowing learners to select one or more courses from a curriculum, or, in cases of structured on-the-job training, allowing employees to choose what pre-designed modules (e.g., a video tape, workbook, special reading, etc.) to complete. In terms of e-learning, the fact that learners can determine which modules or scenarios to review is also frequently touted as self-directed learning. The fact that the learner has a choice and makes a decision to select this or that module does not constitute true self-directed learning. This interpretation is too limited.

As a means of better understanding the processes involved in this mode of study, this tip sheet outlines key components of four key stages to independent learning – being ready to learn, setting learning goals, engaging in the learning process, and evaluating learning – and offers some tips for both faculty members and students. Various skills and attitudes towards learning are required for successful independent study (See the Centre for Teaching Excellence (CTE) teaching tip on "Readiness to Learn" for more details). This step requires time for analyzing a student’s current situation, study habits, family situation, and support network both at school and at home – and as they continue in the program, progress in degree program and past units taken that will prove useful. Signs of readiness for self-directed learning include being: autonomous, organized, self-disciplined, able to communicate effectively, and able to accept constructive feedback and engage in self-evaluation and