Research Plan:The authors conducted an experiment to determine if wearing shoes affect the way a runner lands on his foot. Three types of foot strikes were studied, each having a different amount of collision impact when it strikes the ground. One type of foot strike is "a rear-foot strike (RFS), in which the heel lands first"(Lieberman, Venkadesan, Werbel, Daod, D'Andrea, Davis, Mang'Eni, & Pitsiladis, 2010). (Lieberman et al., 2010). Because the foot lands on the heel, all the pressure also goes to the heel. A "fore-foot strike occurs when the ball of the foot lands before the heel comes down" (Lieberman et al., 2010). This type of foot strike causes the least of amount of impact and is therefore considered the safest. A "mid-foot strike (MFS), in which the heel and ball of the foot land simultaneously" (Lieberman et al., 2010). This type of foot strike is equalizes the pressure throughout the foot. The study conducted suggested barefoot running is better than running with shoes because runners who run barefoot generally use a FFS, reducing the pain and pressure of the foot when it collides with the ground. The front foot strike is beneficial because it "avoids heel strike" (Saremi, 2012) which could be beneficial. The scientists involved in the study were by Daniel E. Lieberman, Madhusudhan Venkadesan, William A. Werbel, Adam I. Daoud, Susan D’Andrea, Irene S. Davis, Robert Ojiambo Mang’Eni, and Yannis Pitsiladis. To carry out the experiment, runners were asked to run on a track at speeds of a comfortable endurance pace. Runners were placed in five groups. Groups included were contained habitually shod runners from the United States of America, runners from the Rift Valley Province in Kenya, US runners who switched to going bar...
... middle of paper ...
...od and unshod runners. The subjects are also diverse. The participants in the experiment were shod and unshod runners in the United States of America and some are from the Rift Valley Province from Kenya. The runners in the second article's experiment were solely unshod runners from the Daasanach tribe in Kenya. For the results, the first article claims the unshod runners were more likely to use a fore-foot strike whereas the second article states the majority of barefoot runners used rear-foot strike or midfoot-strike. Both articles are interesting because even though the experiment was similar, the results were different. It was interesting as the articles were helping to solve the question of if there were benefits to running barefoot. Both articles also suggested running barefoot is what humans were meant to do as earlier humans were barefoot endurance runners.
...rown C. Does Wearing a Prophylactic Ankle Brace During Drop Landings Affect Lower Extremity Kinematics and Ground Reaction Forces?. Journal Of Applied Biomechanics [serial online]. April 2013;29(2):205-213. Available from: SPORTDiscus with Full Text, Ipswich, MA. Accessed January 26, 2014.
This experiment was completed in order to compare calf circumference as well as gender, weight, and jump height. If a person has larger calves, then they will likely be capable of reaching a higher vertical height. It can also be shown that if the person is a male, then they will be able to jump higher. A larger calf circumference is more likely to reflect a high vertical jump due to the fact that the fat content of the calves in the experiment was accounted for, therefore a large calf measurement in this experiment means a muscular calf. It is common knowledge that more muscle will result in stronger legs leading to a higher vertical. While it is believed that males are bigger, faster, and stronger, this leads us to believe that they can also jump higher. Males tend to have stronger muscles at nearly all points in life(Burr, 1997). That being said, the aforementioned hypotheses can be expected to be true because males are likely to have larger, and therefore stronger, calves. It can also be expected that males will display a higher vertical jump(Caruso, 2012).
A survey was sent to 7,888, and 19.1% of the responses were used for this study. It concluded that almost all ATs either require or recommend their athletes wear ankle tape or braces. Most AT’s currently use tape because the up front cost of a brace is to much, and athletes usually prefer the tape over a brace. An overwhelming amount of ATs believe that ankle braces and taping significantly reduce the athletes risk for injury. Some main take-aways from this survey were that a majority of ATs either encourage or require ankle taping, and the majority of ATs favored bracing over taping to prevent injury, and that most ATs believe that ankle bracing and taping does not impact the athletes’ performance. In conclusion, a majority of ATs encourage some kind of ankle support, and this survey as well as other external evidence should be used when making healthcare
Lateral violence is a major issue that often occurs within the healthcare setting, and it places great impact on the delivery of healthcare. I personally have experienced being a victim of lateral violence within my current workplace setting. In November 2014, I began a new job working with patients dealing with alcohol and substance addiction. I came onto the job with an ADN, while there was an older male nurse with a BSN who started the same time I did. This nurse was assigned to a work a supervisory position on a higher-level monitoring detoxification/behavioral unit. I noticed that there were times when myself, as well as other female nurses, would need to communicate to him that a patient needed to be more closely monitored. On several
The fast foot work in both Black Bottom and in tap dancing showed the similarities of the styles of dance. Although tap dance is less about the upper body, unlike Black Bottom and dances like the Charleston, and more about the movement of the feet and sound of the taps, there were obvious similarities between Black Bottom and tap. Tap dance and Black Bottom are fairly similar, only by adding metal plates to the bottom of shoes, creating “tap shoes”, the new style of dance was born. This style of dance however, focusing on the lower body movements and the sounds the tao shoes are making when they stick across the floor, is less about the movement of the arms and upper
The use of head to head contact at any level in football, should be illegal. There is no reason as to why you cannot keep your head up your body square and make a proper tackle. Coaches teach you how to make the proper big hit, without using your head at all. You put yourself at risk and the person you are hitting by lowering, or keeping your head straight up to make head to head contact. The proper way to tackle is made up of a 6 step process. Step 1 is to breakdown, buzz means to set your feet in a good balanced position, correct body posture for the hit, shoot into the hit, wrap up, and finally drive your target into the ground. But, players like to hit head to head to injure, or just look “cool.” Although it’s impossible to completely eliminate injuries from the game of football, helmet to helmet contact should not be allowed for three main reasons: it causes too many life threatening injuries, players are trying to hurt other players so they can’t finish the game, and it causes brain damage.
Imagining myself as a high school soccer coach, I would like to optimize my team’s kicking performance. Some players consistently kick the ball successfully with the correct use of power and accuracy. To ensure that all players are able to achieve the same optimal kicking habits, this paper will document (1) the effective and ineffective habits of kicking, (2) describe biomechanical based kicking assessments, (3) describe how these assessments will measure the effective aspects of kicking and expected findings, and (4) provide suggestions on how I may modify programming based on the insights gained from these assessments.
A stress fracture may be one of the most provoking injuries a runner can develop. Runners just always want to improve their personal best time and challenge themselves on how far they can run. But runners never pay attention to what they can do to their feet in the long term. This fracture usually occurs after a sudden increase in activity, and result from overuse. As a runner’s distance increases or intensity of the run, adjustment of the muscles may occur rapidly than bones. The human foot has five metatarsal bones. The big toe is labeled number one; the little toe is number five. Metatarsal stress fractures happen typically in numbers two, three, and four bones enduring the greatest shock when the foot strikes the ground. This becomes imbalance and accommodated when the exercise routine is advance gradually. When muscular contractions are rapid in can overcome the re-modeling bony architecture, and the bone cannot take any more stress, the crack occurs and metatarsal stress fracture develops.
Bipedalism had many advantages, but it also had many disadvantages and provided dangers to early hominids. Some of these disadvantages included i...
Overuse injuries are common in runners new to barefoot running that, even Daniel Lieberman, Ph.D., the evolutionary biologist from Harvard who helped propagate barefoot running, advised that "Running is a complex skill that you can't learn how to do just by taking off your shoes."
While reading the De-Orbit Burn module book, I noticed that the origin of the modern midsole for athletic shoes originates from lunar boots used on Apollo missions (Texas, 2013). As a distance runner, I was interested to say the least, so I immediately looked up the correlation of lunar boots to athletic shoes for myself. It did not take long before I came across an article by Jim Sam entitled Technological Spinoffs: Spinoffs from the Space Program. According to this article, “Technology originally developed for the boots worn on the moon, has now been applied to athletic shoes in the mid-sole section. The technology improves shock absorption, stability, and motion control,” (n.d.). It was then that I realized that, thanks to athletic sneakers, we are all walking in the shoes of astronauts.
When describing a physical altercation between two adults, the term is assault and battery. Assault on an individual has more than immediate effects; the effects can last a lifetime in severe cases. In all fifty states, it is a crime to hit, strike or use corporal punishment in any deliberate manner towards any person over the age of eighteen. However, this law does not apply to physical force being used on minors. Spanking, whipping, and paddling are among a few common references to this form of punishment. Physically disciplining children has had many names over the years. No matter which term is used, corporal punishment has a negative impact on every party involved. It is a widely used, socially accepted method of discipline. “Approximately 94% of three and four-year old children have been spanked in the past year (Slade & Winssow 1321). Although spanking is a widespread practice, it is becoming more controversial. The negative effects of spanking greatly outweigh the benefits. Spanking is a socially tolerated view promoting abusive patterns, and has a negative psychological impact in teaching children that pain, fear, and confusion promote conformability.
Recorded videos were used to analyze the movement patterns of the runners. The participants were an elite (male) and a novice runner (female). The elite runner used a standard track field while the novice used a treadmill in a standard gym. The result showed that the elite runner had a longer stride than the non-expert due to his long legs. The novice runner required less force to move her body than the elite runner. The expert had longer stride resulting in longer step length which made him move faster than the novice. As the feet of both participants touched the ground the expert had a higher ground reaction force than the non-expert. The elite had a higher cadence than the non-elite because his legs moved faster. During stance phase, they both have one foot on the ground and as their foot first hit the ground they both slow down. However, the novice was slower because the elite had a faster speed making him spend less time in the
Inman, Verne T., Henry J. Ralston, and Frank Todd. Human Walking. Williams & Wilkins. Baltimore, MD. 1981
Jessica Anderson December 6, 2016 English 1010-047 Reflection The first paper in my portfolio is my annotated bibliography. I did my annotated bibliography on barefoot running. A lot of the sources I used were about how to get started on barefoot running and how it is better for your body than running in shoes. Most of the articles that I read were helpful to me and what I was hoping to learn about barefoot running. I had heard about barefoot running and have a few people I know that are really into it, they have tried to get me to start on barefoot running and I just haven’t taken the time to. Researching barefoot running for this assignment was really intriguing for me and something that I really enjoyed. My annotated bibliography was really