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The Effect Of Stress On The Performance Of Students
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1.0 Introduction Human factors embrace all the factors that can affects people and their actions. They are the personal skills and social skills, for example, decision making and communication which focus on the technical skills. These are crucial for efficient and safe aviation. The study of human factors relates referring scientific knowledge about our human body and human mind to help us understand human limitations and capabilities. The purpose of human factors knowledge is to help us reduce the probability of errors and to increase error tolerant and more resilient methods. (Systems and Factors, 2016) The example of a case study about this human factor is that a ship done its normal checks and started to come aboard an installation to …show more content…
It usually involves how our organs function, what keeps them from functioning in a irregular situation and the things that pilot need to do to protect these functions before and during flight. Therefore, flight physiological is an inherent part of human factors and safe flight and it cause a straight effects on our performance. As we all know, pilots and passengers who came upon physiological challenges are called flight physiology when it is affected by the stresses and environment of the flight. Above 12,000 feet above sea level is the limit physiological zone that the human physiology has been evolutionary adapted to be. If it exceeds this zone, the physiological compensatory mechanisms may have a difficult time coping with the stress of the altitude. Normally, the military pilots will receive exercises in high altitude in a low pressure chambers which it is called hypobaric to feign the early stages of hypoxia which also known as the lack of oxygen inside the body. The tests supply evidence of the fast deterioration of motor skills and critical thinking ability when the pilot attempt to fly above 10,000 feet above sea level without any supplemental oxygen. In addition, hypoxia will also cause hyperventilation because our human body tries to increase breathing
Comparative Analysis The power of blind obedience taints individuals’ ability to clearly distinguish between right and wrong in terms of obedience, or disobedience, to an unjust superior. In the article “The Abu Ghraib Prison Scandal: Sources of Sadism,” Marianne Szegedy-Maszak discusses the unwarranted murder of innocent individuals due to vague orders that did not survive with certainty. Szegedy-Maszak utilizes the tactics of authorization, routinization, and dehumanization, respectively, to attempt to justify the soldiers’ heinous actions (Szegedy-Maszak 76-77). In addition, “Just Do What the Pilot Tells You” by Theodore Dalrymple distinguishes between blind disobedience and blind obedience to authority and stating that neither is superior;
- - -, dir. “Pararescue.” The Official Website of the united States Air Force. N.p., n.d. Web. 7 Feb. 2012. .
McKenzie, D. C. (2012). Respiratory physiology: Adaptations to high-level exercise. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 46(6), 381. doi:10.1136/bjsports-2011-090824
After studying the Aloha aircraft accident in 1933, our group is interested in the investigation in Human performances factors in maintenance and inspection. We have divided the investigation into 5 aspects:
The aim of this essay is to analyse four theoretical approaches to psychology, including psychodynamic, humanistic, cognitive and behavioural. Analysing each approach in detail and identifying key features the approach uses to explain human behaviour. This essay will also analyse how successful each approach is in it methods, evidence gathering techniques and analyse how it can be applied to giving reasons for particular human behaviours. As well as analysing each approaches failings in it theories, methods and evidence gathering techniques.
Pressure turns into stress when individuals feel they are unable to cope with the situation. People have different ways of reacting to stress, so a situation that feels stressful to one person may be a positive challenge to someone else. Many of life’s demands can cause stress such as work, relationships and financial issues. When individuals feel stressed, it can obstruct them from dealing with demands, or can affect everything an individual does (Choices, 2016d). Stress can have a big impact both emotionally and physically. There are two ways people can portray signs of stress, psychological and physiological. Stress can affect how individuals feel, think, behave and how the body works. Psychological signs of stress can include: irritation, frustration, confusion, forgetfulness, anxiety, bad habits, headaches, behavioural signs of stress which can include avoiding others or decreased contact with family or friends and depression. Physiological signs of stress can include: heart palpitations, inflammation, insomnia physical tension, headaches and digestive problems. These stress hormones are released to enable an individual to deal with pressure or threat of "fight or flight" response. The theorist Walter Cannon 1920 developed the fight or flight response also known as ‘acute stress response.’ Stress is a biological and psychological response experienced when faced with a threat that people do not have the resources to deal with. The flight or flight response is a surge of hormone; adrenaline which is produced by glands located in the kidneys, which are released into the bloodstream. It is the response of the sympathetic nervous system to a stressful event and therefore, preparing the body to fight or flee. This can include an increased metabolism and heart rate, increase blood flow to the brain and muscles, erect hairs, raised sugar levels,
Air travel began in the early 1900s and scheduled flights started in the 1920s (Harris). In the early years, the airline industry competition was nonexistent. The competitive environment changed dramatically over the course of the last century specifically when the industry underwent regulation and then deregulation. The future success of the airline industry depends on the ability to adapt with rapidly changing industry environmental factors.
Throughout the history of aviation, accidents have and will continue to occur. With the introduction of larger and more complex aircraft, the number of humans required to operate these complex machines has increased as well as, some say, the probability of human error. There are studies upon studies of aircraft accidents and incidents resulting from breakdowns in crew coordination and, more specifically, crew communication. These topics are the driving force behind crew resource management. This paper will attempt to present the concept of crew resource management (CRM) and its impact on aviation safety in modern commercial and military aviation. The concept is not a new one, but is continually evolving and can even include non-human elements such as computer-controlled limitations on aircraft maneuvers and the conflicts that result in the airline industry.
A person can try to hold his breath for a while, but soon reaches a point when they can no longer do so. In human beings and animals, breathing continues constantly without conscious effort.
Now I am going to explain the physiology of the cardiovascular system and the respiratory system in relation to energy metabolism in the body.
It is true, of course, that performance enhancements can increase athletic ability, including stamina, strength and overall competitiveness. This puts an athlete at a competitive advantage over their competitors. Altitude training being one of many enhancements in sport is used to increase lung capacity, as well as increase training intensity. While at high altitudes the human body naturally increases the levels of erythropoietin, which is a chemical that releases red blood cells in the body. Red blood cells carry oxygen to the muscles, therefore increases oxygen levels in the muscles. Many people may not be aware of the serious dangers, and inconsistent, unpredictable results that accompany this enhancement. There are many possible outcomes of an athlete training at high altitude. One athlete may train at high altitude for months on end while following the suggested training, not have any symptom more than a headache, and return to sea level becoming a more valuable competitor. Another athlete could train following the same guidelines and be seriously ill, therefore not being able to train, reversing the purpose of altitude training. In fact adjustments to high altitudes are extremely difficult. Weight loss is unav...
High elevation training not only appeals to the elite athletes, but also the amateur and recreational competitors. In order to attain a higher elevation level training many countries, cities, companies, and people have attempted to build or create elevation simulators, which started in the mid 1970’s after the Mexico City Olympics. The first simulator was built by Russia for their piolets adjusted for athletes. “These simulators were big huts or houses where participants wore gas like masks. Although they increased aerobic capacity, they had poor muscle recovery, fatigue an expensive” (AltoLab). Soon there was the Hypobaric Chamber, a vacuum like chamber, an Electric Hypoxicator, which was an electric oxygen scrubber that was not very portable or convenient, and the Altitude Tent which caused claustrophobia, noisy, heavy, and not vey portable because it took up an entire room. In 2005, AltoLab was founded and invented a hand held altitude simulator which ranges from 2500 – 30,000 feet. This simulator may be used during an athlete’s season. However, it was a professional Mixed Martial Arts athlete who introduced the artificial elevation training mask which is most commonly used to date. Sean Sherk and Casey Danford came together to redesign the mask so it forces the lungs to work harder. In the same Cadillac article Sean Sherk says, “You’re fighting to get air in-and-out. Within two-weeks you start to feel comfortable
Fatigue in aviation has always been a significant issue when it comes to the safety of the crew and passengers. Fatigue in flight is not the only issue. There is also a serious safety issue in other areas of aviation such as maintenance, air traffic control (ATC), and even in areas such as baggage claim and gate security. One can find evidence of fatigue in just about every aspect of daily life. A majority of vehicle accidents can be contributed to fatigue in one way or another. One can even see it in the late night college student trying to finish a paper before its deadline. Although the last example doesn’t have any serious safety concerns it is still a very real instance of fatigue. The area of transportation has seen thousands of incidents where fatigue has
“The stress response is the body’s way of protecting us” (Power). When the stress response is functioning properly, it helps us stay focused and alert. Sometimes, in emergency situations...
When I was seven years old I went on my very first holiday abroad, to