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The advantages and disadvantages of language change
The general linguistic theories
The advantages and disadvantages of language change
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Redefining the Ideas of Language, Time, and Free Will
Time and language are both basic constructs for society. Individuals depend on the existence of time to organize their lives and language to have the ability to communicate with those around them. Though the technicalities of time and language have changed over the years, they have, for the most part, remained the same conceptually. However, The Arrival, a science fiction movie released in 2016, took the philosophy behind time and language and altered it completely. The Arrival tells the story of Dr. Louise Banks, a professor of language, as she attempts to decipher the language of the aliens. In doing so, her perceptions of time are completely changed, an experience which causes emotional
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If all moments are happening at one point and in one singular present, there is no way that any causal chains can be created. In the movie, Louise is able to call the Chinese leader and change his mind about attacking the alien ships by relaying to him information she is told in the traditional idea of the future. This demonstrates not a causal chain that functions linearly, but instead a loop or a circle. Rather than each action be dependent on another, each action is dependent on each other, a concept that defines the idea of nonlinear time. Consequently, because no causal chains exist, neither could determinism. As a result of this, every choice an individual makes is independent of causal chains that could influence it in any way. For example, Louise, having already experienced significant portions of her life, has the ability to choose whether or not to give birth to her daughter. However, because this decision has no causal impact on the traditional idea of the future due to the nature of nonlinear time, it instead represents a completely liberated version of free will. This is a version in which choices have absolutely no influence over anything else; instead, all of the choices made in the traditional concepts of the past and future function together to give a singular output of a present moment, otherwise known as nonlinear time. However, this philosophy does pose many ethical and legal problems. If a choice does not directly define or influence its outcome, there is no standard by which an individual can be punished for making a wrong or criminal decision. This problem of free will could cause challenges in determining how harsh a punishment should be for a crime, if there should be a punishment at all, and could significantly problematize different forms of government and of legal
This paper entitled, Imitation of Life is based on the movie Imitation of Life. This movie is set in the 1940s. In the movie, an African American woman by the name of Annie becomes the care taker of a Caucasian woman's (Lora) daughter, Susie. In the movie, the caretaker Annie has a daughter named Sarah Jane. Sarah Jane is the product of a rape, performed by a Caucasian man, which results in her being fair skinned and able to pass as a Caucasian woman, which she does for a long time. Due to the fact this movie focuses on the themes of identity and class, I will use the following psychological views and tests to discuss how psychology can be demonstrated every day. The Kenneth
Sex, love, depression, guilt, trust, all are topics presented in this remarkably well written and performed drama. The Flick, a 2014 Pulitzer Prize winning drama by Annie Baker, serves to provide a social commentary which will leave the audience deep in thought well after the curtain closes. Emporia State Universities Production of this masterpiece was a masterpiece in itself, from the stunningly genuine portrayal of the characters of Avery and Rose, to the realism found within the set, every aspect of the production was superb.
According to this theory, if determinism is correct, based any individuals past and prior experiences there is only one future that is possible for that particular individual. There are two different types of determinism: Hard determinism and Soft determinism. Both types of determinism have the same principles; that every action that happens in an individual’s life is determined on a physical level and that all life events are determined by previous life events.
The Bad and The Beautiful (1952) and State and Main (2000) are films within films that unmask Hollywood Cinema as a dream factory and expose the grotesque, veneer hidden by the luxury of stars. The Bad and the Beautiful, directed by Vincent Minnelli, is a black and white film narrated in flashback form. The films theatrical nature requires more close-ups than wide-screen shots to capture the character’s psychological turmoil. For example, Fred and Jonathan’s car ride is captured in a close-up to signify their friendship; however their relationship deteriorates after Jonathan’s deceit. While the camera zooms out, Fred stands alone motionless. Here, Fred is captured from a distance at eye-level and he becomes ostracized by the film industry and
One way which we speak, experience and conceive of time is that time is something that flows or passes from the future to the present and from the present to the past. When viewed in this way, events which are present have a special existential status. Whatever may be the case with regard to the reality or unreality of events in the future and the past, events that are in the present exist with a capital 'E'. It can then be postulated that it is the 'present' or 'now' that shifts to even later times. If events in time (or moments of time) are conceived in terms of past, present and future, or by means of the tenses, then they form what McTaggart called the A-series (from which the A-theory of time is derived). This type of change is commonly referred to as 'temporal becoming', and gives rise to well known perplexities concerning both what does the shifting and the type of shift involved, which we will discuss later.
, The debate between free will and fatalism has existed since the conceptualization of time. On one hand, in everyday life, time flows in a uniform fashion. People experience time in which there is a past, present, and a future. Yet, physicists and philosophers see time as something completely different. In fact, they see time as an illusion. Called the tenseless theory of time, time does not flow but this theory views time as a fourth dimension where all past, present, and future events are equal (Callender & Edney, 2004). Essentially, this theory proposes that there is no passage of time and no becoming of future events. As a result, one can view this theory as a “block” universe in which every event that has happened, is happening as of right now, and is going to happen has been set in stone.
Arrival directed by Denis Villeneuve has a realistic view on the relation between human and alien, the division of the human race, and the acceptance of the inevitable. The film centers around linguists teacher Louise Banks, who is called upon to work for the U.S. army after 12 alien ships lands on earth. Since she is one of the country 's best linguists, she gets to help communicate with the aliens. Through a language that uses time travel to partly communicate, Louise communicates with the aliens and brings unity throughout the entire world. The film ends with Louise being able to see her future and even though she knows it won 't end well, chooses to not change it.
The plot is clearly a linear chronology. The film starts a story of a boy, who wants to make a change in his life. And then, it continues talking about him becoming a wicked cop. On the other hand, a good cop named Billy is trying to go undercover and help solve a crime. Throughout the movie, the audiences can get ideas of who the good guys are and who the bad guys are.
Imagine starting your day and not having a clue of what to do, but you begin to list the different options and routes you can take to eventually get from point A to point B. In choosing from that list, there coins the term “free will”. Free will is our ability to make decisions not caused by external factors or any other impediments that can stop us to do so. Being part of the human species, we would like to believe that we have “freedom from causation” because it is part of our human nature to believe that we are independent entities and our thoughts are produced from inside of us, on our own. At the other end of the spectrum, there is determinism. Determinism explains that all of our actions are already determined by certain external causes
a context; historically, technically, and psychologically. Gleick dissects time, showing us how the ability to measure time in
In the film The Verdict, the opposing attorneys could not be any more different in their approaches to the case. The medical malpractice suit involves a young woman left comatose after childbirth. She was given anesthetics for the operation, after which she began to choke on her own vomit and became deprived of oxygen. Although the legal issue in the central focus of the case, the story is more about each attorney’s journey to the final verdict, rather the case itself. Frank Galvin, a hard boozing, has-been attorney represents the plaintiff in the case. In stark contrast, the high-profile, sophisticated attorney, Ed Concannon, defends the doctors of the Catholic hospital. Each lawyer differentiates himself with distinct tactics, philosophy,
Freedom, or the concept of free will seems to be an elusive theory, yet many of us believe in it implicitly. On the opposite end of the spectrum of philosophical theories regarding freedom is determinism, which poses a direct threat to human free will. If outside forces of which I have no control over influence everything I do throughout my life, I cannot say I am a free agent and the author of my own actions. Since I have neither the power to change the laws of nature, nor to change the past, I am unable to attribute freedom of choice to myself. However, understanding the meaning of free will is necessary in order to decide whether or not it exists (Orloff, 2002).
Time travel has long been a complex topic in terms of its existence or its effect upon humanity. The idea of time travel is seen as “a discrepancy between time and time,” where one can move themselves forward or backwards in the time continuum without the time traveler’s body experiencing the same duration of time. Even though time travel has not been proven yet in modern day, it is logically and physically possible for one to succeed in moving through time. Let one say that someone was successful in manifesting a time machine in order to alter previous mistakes made in one’s past. However, by stating that time travel is real, then it does interfere with the belief of free will. According to the argument made by Robert Heinlein in “All You
The film Imitation of life (John M. Stahl, 1934) Imitation meant to mimic the values, and tradition of a person around him/her. In this film Imitation of life it illustrates the struggles of a young woman name Peola who is trying to pretend to be someone different. Peola’s character is very deceitful because of her fair light skin, and the way she wear her dresses you would think she is white.
“Catch Me If You Can” is a film about the main character, Frank Abagnale Jr., who manages to successfully present himself as a teacher, pilot, doctor, and prosecutor in order to perform cons worth millions of dollars all before the age of nineteen. Frank is doing so by primarily cashing fraud cheques which help make him one of the youngest con artists to ever exist in the U.S. Though Frank uses many forms of deceptions in the film, Frank mainly lies using facades, delusions, and deflections to achieve his status which ultimately hinders him throughout his life. First and foremost, Frank uses facades throughout his whole criminal career in order to cover up for who he actually is. As Frank impersonates to be a sub teacher for his class, an airline pilot, a doctor named Dr. Frank Connors, or a lawyer, he disables himself from having any kind of relationship with the