When we heard about fascism, Germany and Italy enter our mind on the basis of the fact that these countrie's leaders caused the worst results which affected nearly all World.Today, however, most people believe that fascism is not a threat any more and there will be no leader who may like Mussolini or Adolf Hitler but I highly consider that fascism still pose a danger and in Europe the new fascist leaders may rise like in Turkey.But what is Fascism and leaders are really playing an important role ? I think firstly we should answer these questions.Fascism may refer to general social movement of right wing revolutionary conservatism in Europe.The term ''fascist'' was first applied to a political movement which combine ultranationalism with hostility and conservatism by Mussolini in 1919.The first fascist movements occured in Italy during World War I and it united right wing positions and elements of left wing politics.Fascists seek to bring together their nation through a totalitarian state which developed the huge mobilization of the national community.
Fascism in Europe rose and spread quickly because of the World War I which left very complex and sptriual vacuum behind.Europe was shaken by violent political and economic convulsions and in half of Europe the old conservative order had dissappeared.The moral values of the world of yesterday had vanished and the middle calsses had become very poor.In fact, the last vestiges of civilization seemed threatened by a new, highly popular phenomenon whose name is Bolshevism.Those who believed that a strong leadership and a new order were needed but who found communism unaccaptable craved a political alternative and it was the fascism.Fascism was nationalist,elitist and antiliberal and als...
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...o show these journalists as a state enemy in people mind.Thus, Recep Tayyip Erdogan the Prime Minister of Turkey see these journalist as an enemy against him,actually he tried to show they as terrorists.Having said that, in 2010, journalists established ''Journalist's Freedom Platform'' and arranged a press release in order to say that there is a problem in terms of freedom of speech and press.On the top of that, also government made a opression on media bosses.As an important example for this, during the Gezi occupy which is a huge demonstrations that created significant inflation against government, most media company did not mention about these issues, especially, at the begining of the demonstrations, people could not see these demonstrations on TV.What I want to say that, as it can clearly seen that the government supressed the media very highly like in fascism.
These were pivotal times in the annals of world history in the 20th century. Mussolini and Hitler’s rise to power was clearly a threat to the freedoms of the United States and its Allies. Through God’s grace and omnipotence, the US alliance, industrialization and intellectual might, we had the resources required to overcome the fierce and mighty threat of Fascism in the Free World.
Fascism is one of the great political ideology in the 20th century. It is a kind of authoritarian government that, according to Wikipedia, “considers the individual subordinate to the interests of the state, party or society as a whole.” Two of the most successful and to be in the vanguard of fascism government is Italian fascism – led by Benito Mussolini, and Nazi Germany – led by Adolf Hitler. Fascism in Italy and Germany, though in many regards very similar - have the same political ideologies, still have many aspects to them that make them different from each other.
Communism and fascism are two influential ideologies associated with European totalitarianism in the 20th century. Though communism contributed to the rise of fascism and Soviet Union’s expansion during Cold War, I believe that fascism had more influence at the time: its favor of authoritarianism gave rise to violent dictatorship in fascist nations, its hatred for other races led to the notorious Holocaust, and its ultranationalism stimulated German expansionism which catalyzed the outbreak of WWII; those catastrophes controlled the way people lived, caused great damage to the involved nations and races, and ultimately led to new world order with United States and Soviet Union as sole superpowers.
Fascism is defined as, “an authoritarian and nationalistic right-wing system of government and social organization.” Peter Hyland reports that throughout the 1920s and the 1930s, an economic depression was growing and becoming widespread throughout the world. People were losing faith in their democracies and in capitalism. Leaders who gained power supported powerful militarism, nationalism, and initiated the return of an authoritarian rule. J.R. Oppenheimer says that the rise of fascism and totalitarianism in Europe and Russia instigated a “critical step on the path to war.” In 1922, Benito Mussolini held leadership in Italy, promising a proficient and militaristic nationalistic state. During his control as prime minister, he gained a large group of followers, banned the disparagement of government, and used extreme violence against his enemies within the parliament.
As a fascist leader, the actions that were taken and decisions that were made by Benito Mussolini such as creating a fascist government, the execution of Jews, and leading Italy into World War II during his time in power resulted in him having negative effects on Italy.
Fascism is the philosophy that exercises a dictatorship through the use of violence. There are two main areas fascism deals with. An elitist approach that makes the peoples' will on a select group with a supreme leader who governs all. The other approach is the populist approach in which the government wishes to have all its people act out against the government's oppressors. (Baradat) Fascism came from the word fasces, a bundle of sticks that were bound to an ax, which was supposed to represent "civic unity and the authority of the Roman officials to punish wrongdoers," (www.funkandwagnall.com)
It was during the 1920’s to the 1940’s that totalitarian control over the state escalated into full dictatorships, with the wills of the people being manipulated into a set of beliefs that would promote the fascist state and “doctrines”.
Fascism embraced the need for a strong central government led by a single ruler with extreme emphasis on nationalism that entailed the purification of the body of a nation. As seen throughout history, nationalism played a key role in the consolidation of power and the rise of popularity as depicted from the rise of Nazism in Germany. In Benito Mussolini’s What is Fascism, he states, “For Fascism, the growth of the empire, that is to say the expansion of the nation, is an essential manifestation of vitality, and its opposite a sign of decadence.... But empire demands discipline, the coordination of all forces and a deeply felt sense of duty and sacrifice...” Mussolini emphasized the need for all individuals to unite as a nation and show strength
Today in the United States, some people say that it tends to be fascism like 1930s in Germany. Then, what is fascism? Fascism is defined as one of the form of political organization that is more totalitarian and nationalistic, and it is against liberalism and communism. One of its characteristic is being a dictator (Meikyo Japanese dictionary,2010). In this report, I will analyze what is the similarity and difference between the social movement today in the US and 1930s in Germany.
At first glance, fascism is the opposition to communism. Indeed, fascism and its values originally came about as an alternative political party which sought to destroy communism. Fascists vehemently were against the equal redistribution of goods amongst the citizens of a nation. Fascists were frustrated with communism, as they believed it was partially to blame for Europe’s defeat in World War One. Due to the evident turmoil between the two parties, there were differences that each party advocated for. These differences in methods and philosophy are discussed further in this work.
The political stance of those who favor Fascism are typically far-right on the traditional political spectrum and are focused on making themselves better than others. Often referred to as being a “military citizenship,” Fascism is based on a totalitarian one-party state when rules are defined by government and dictated town towards in a top-down fashion. A key piece of Fascism is that violence is viewed as finding a way towards resolution (bringing it back to the previously mentioned military citizenship), while also stating that war and imperialism can lead to a rejuvenation and generation of an economic superpower. There is less of an economic side to Fascism than Liberalism or Socialism as it is based on the individual at the top being in control: citizen is below store owner, who is below local government, of whom is below the declared government. In this political configuration, there are few winners as most are limited to being working class individuals, completely opposite of previously mentioned economic
Example number one, the ex- regime party “the national democratic party” which Mubarak was the president of the party as well, the party used the national TV which is more than twenty channels to propagate the idea that Mubarak is innocent and is the best president that Egypt ever had. The ex-regime’s media started to claim that the protesters are getting paid from other countries to break down the structure of the Egyptian political life stability, the media also claimed that the Muslim Brotherhood Party is responsible of everything is taking place on the streets of Egypt, and by saying that, the media meant to give the image that “Al-Qaida” is responsible because of what is so called the Islamic agenda, which in reality the agenda has nothing to do with the religion of Islam at all. During the revolution Mubarak’s media used such programs as Photoshop, movie editors, and even they broadcasting from places that was far away from zone zero “Tahrir Square”, because simply the Egyptian nationa...
Freedom of the press or speech is not fully guaranteed by the Constitution under Article 28, and in 2006 an antiterrorism law permitted jail sentences for journalists. Many of media outlets hold strong ties to political parties that influence the reporting of the news. News presented in Kurdish can be temporarily shut down by the government. Filters have been placed on the internet, and within a short-time of the placement of the filter a man was incarcerated for insulting the Turkish president on Facebook.
Some wonder, What is Fascism? Where did Fascism take place? Fascism is a political ideology that was in power starting after World War 1. The war ended in 1918 and fascism took over in Italy in 1919. Causing a lot of problems and war, Fascism slowly moved into Europe and took control. Fascism was agreeable but also not agreeable. When the ideology Fascism was in Italy, it was successful.
What we see here in common with Orwell’s environment and Turkey’s current situation is that the state of journalism is not free. They are a puppet of a specific group. Unfortunately, they are not independent of mind and also spirit. Since newspapers are artifacts of the commercial and political world, it is not easy to act independently. (Danuta Reah, 1998) In addition to this, there is an economically binding factor that can put someone easily between two fires. Even if an editor, for example, wants to oppose the party ideology or wants to choose the picture showing the Prime Minister slapping a citizen on the face, he or she would not be allowed to do so. Either he will lose his financial gain and become a target or he will bow the pressure and become a corrupted person.